Subject(s)
Naltrexone , Narcotic Antagonists , Opioid-Related Disorders/rehabilitation , Pain/drug therapy , Administration, Oral , Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use , Contraindications , Drug Resistance , Humans , Naltrexone/pharmacology , Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology , Patient Selection , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The morphine hydrogel suppository (MHS), a monolithic sustained release rectal preparation, has been developed and evaluated in three pilot studies. Two release profiles have been prepared. The first, MHS(B), has a high initial release rate followed by a constant release for the remainder of a 12-h period. The second, MHS(S), has the same constant release rate for 12 h. MHS(B) is intended to attain and maintain analgesic or near analgesic plasma concentrations of morphine, and MHS(S) to maintain that concentration for successive 12-h periods. The pilot studies suggest that MHS may be of value in the management of postoperative pain.
Subject(s)
Morphine/administration & dosage , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Polyethylene Glycols/administration & dosage , Adult , Delayed-Action Preparations , Drug Evaluation , Female , Humans , Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate , Male , Middle Aged , Morphine/blood , Pilot Projects , Suppositories , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Two devices for providing patient-controlled, on-demand analgesia were compared for 24 h after abdominal surgery. The Leicester Micropalliator delivered a mandatory background infusion of 1 mg h-1 in addition to on demand bolus doses of morphine 2 mg i.v. while the Cardiff Palliator provided only bolus doses of morphine 2 mg i.v. The Leicester Micropalliator provided analgesia superior or equivalent to that of the Cardiff Palliator in patients who had undergone hysterectomy or cholecystectomy, respectively, and there was no increase in side effects. The total doses of morphine administered over 24 h did not differ significantly between the two devices.
Subject(s)
Infusion Pumps , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Syringes , Adult , Female , Humans , Injections, Intravenous/instrumentation , Morphine/administration & dosage , Morphine/adverse effects , Pain Measurement , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A survey of patients suffering from severe acute methanol intoxication who required admission to an Intensive Therapy Unit was carried out. The clinical features of 25 patients admitted during an 18-month period are presented, together with case histories of the two patients most severely affected. The investigation and management of such patients are discussed.
