Complicaciones postoperatorias y supervivencia del cáncer de esófago: análisis de dos periodos distintos / Postoperative complications and survival rate of esophageal cancer: Two-period analysis

INTRODUCCIÓN: Actualmente el tratamiento del cáncer de esófago requiere un enfoque multidisciplinar en el que la esofaguectomía sigue siendo su pilar básico. El objetivo del estudio es analizar si el tratamiento multimodal y la introducción de nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas menos invasivas ha supuesto una disminución de las complicaciones de la esofaguectomía y una mayor supervivencia del cáncer de esófago. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de 318 pacientes con cáncer de esófago que incluyen 81 esofaguectomías. Se comparan los periodos 2000-2007 y 2008-2015 y se analizan los factores pronósticos que pueden influir en las complicaciones y supervivencia. RESULTADOS: Las complicaciones postoperatorias mayores según la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo fueron globalmente 35%, mostrando una disminución entre el 1.° y 2.° periodo: 41% de morbilidad vs. 30%, 27% de mortalidad vs. 9% (p < 0,001) y 13,5% de fístulas vs. 7%. La incorporación de la esofaguectomía toracoscópica con 19% de complicaciones y 5% de mortalidad y la anastomosis mecánica triangularizada con 5% de fístulas y 9% de estenosis contribuyeron a estos resultados. La supervivencia global a los 5 años fue del 19%, con una mejoría significativa entre el 1.° y 2.° periodo: 11 vs. 28% (p < 0,001). CONCLUSIONES: La valoración multidisciplinar de los pacientes, con una mejor selección e indicación del tratamiento multimodal, y la introducción de nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas menos invasivas y más depuradas, como la toracoscopia y la anastomosis mecánica triangularizada, se ha traducido en una disminución de la morbimortalidad de las esofaguectomías y en un aumento significativo de la supervivencia de los pacientes con CE

INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, treatment of esophageal cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach, in which esophagectomy remains the mainstay. The aim of this report is to assess whether multimodal treatment and minimally invasive surgery have led to a lower morbidity rate and an improvement in survival rates. METHODS: Retrospective evaluation of 318 patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer including 81 esophagectomies. The periods of 2000-2007 and 2008-2015 were compared, analyzing the prognostic factors that may have an impact in morbidity and survival rate. RESULTS: Major postoperative complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification accounted for 35%, showing a decrease between the 1.st and 2.nd period: 41% morbidity vs. 30%, 27% mortality vs. 9% (p < .001) and 13.5% fistulas vs. 7%. The implementation of thoracoscopic esophagectomy contributed to the outcome improvement, as shown by 19% morbidity and 5% mortality rates, with triangularized mechanical anastomosis showing 9% fistula and 5% stenosis. The overall 5-year survival rate was 19%, with a significant increase from 11% in the 1.st period to 28% in the 2.nd (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Multidisciplinary assessment of patients with esophageal cancer, as well as better selection and indication of treatment and the introduction of new minimally invasive techniques (thoracoscopy and triangularized mechanical anastomosis), have improved the morbidity and mortality rates of esophagectomies, resulting in increased survival rates of these patients

Postoperative complications and survival rate of esophageal cancer: Two-period analysis. / Complicaciones postoperatorias y supervivencia del cáncer de esófago: análisis de dos periodos distintos.

INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, treatment of esophageal cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach, in which esophagectomy remains the mainstay. The aim of this report is to assess whether multimodal treatment and minimally invasive surgery have led to a lower morbidity rate and an improvement in survival rates. METHODS: Retrospective evaluation of 318 patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer including 81 esophagectomies. The periods of 2000-2007 and 2008-2015 were compared, analyzing the prognostic factors that may have an impact in morbidity and survival rate. RESULTS: Major postoperative complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification accounted for 35%, showing a decrease between the 1.st and 2.nd period: 41% morbidity vs. 30%, 27% mortality vs. 9% (p < .001) and 13.5% fistulas vs. 7%. The implementation of thoracoscopic esophagectomy contributed to the outcome improvement, as shown by 19% morbidity and 5% mortality rates, with triangularized mechanical anastomosis showing 9% fistula and 5% stenosis. The overall 5-year survival rate was 19%, with a significant increase from 11% in the 1.st period to 28% in the 2.nd (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Multidisciplinary assessment of patients with esophageal cancer, as well as better selection and indication of treatment and the introduction of new minimally invasive techniques (thoracoscopy and triangularized mechanical anastomosis), have improved the morbidity and mortality rates of esophagectomies, resulting in increased survival rates of these patients.

Carcinoma oat cell de vía biliar principal / Oat cell carcinoma of the common bile duct

Los tumores tipo oat cell localizados en la vía biliar principal son extremadamente raros. Desbribimos el caso de un paciente de 76 años que presentaba una ictericia de piel y mucosas de 15 días de evolución sin síndrome constitucional, diagnosticado de tumoración en porción media de colédoco. Tras la resección quirúrgica, la anatomía patológica reveló el diagnóstico de carcinoma de células pequeñas tipo oat cell. El tratamiento de estos tumores es multidisciplinario y se instaura tras la cirugía tratamiento con quimio y radioterapia (AU)

Oat cell tumors in the common bile duct are extremely rare. We describe the case of a 76-year-old man with skin and mucous jaundice of 15 days' duration without constitutional syndrome. A tumor was diagnosed in the mid portion of the common bile duct. After surgical resection, pathological analysis revealed small-cell (oat cell) carcinoma. The treatment of these tumors is multidisciplinary. Surgery is followed by chemo- and radiotherapy (AU)

[Oat cell carcinoma of the common bile duct]. / Carcinoma oat cell de vía biliar principal.

Oat cell tumors in the common bile duct are extremely rare. We describe the case of a 76-year-old man with skin and mucous jaundice of 15 days' duration without constitutional syndrome. A tumor was diagnosed in the mid portion of the common bile duct. After surgical resection, pathological analysis revealed small-cell (oat cell) carcinoma. The treatment of these tumors is multidisciplinary. Surgery is followed by chemo- and radiotherapy.