ABSTRACT
Progressive facial atrophy or Parry-Romberg syndrome is characterized by slowly progressive facial atrophy involving skin, subcutaneous tissue, cartilage and bony structures. Apart from facial atrophy, it can be associated with diverse clinical manifestations including headache, partial seizures, trigeminal neuralgia, cerebral hemiatrophy and ocular abnormalities. The exact etiology is unknown although sympathetic system dysfunction, autoimmune disorders, focal scleroderma, trauma and genetic factors have been postulated. We hereby report a patient having marked left-sided facial atrophy and wasting of the tongue. Such an extensive wasting is not previously reported in the literature.
ABSTRACT
Transient signal abnormality in the splenium of corpus callosum on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is occasionally encountered in clinical practice. It has been reported in various clinical conditions apart from patients with epilepsy. We describe 4 patients with different etiologies presenting with signal changes in the splenium of corpus callosum. They were diagnosed as having progressive myoclonic epilepsy (case 1), localization-related epilepsy (case 2), hemicrania continua (case 3), and postinfectious parkinsonism (case 4). While three patients had complete involvement of the splenium on diffusion-weighted image ("boomerang sign"), the patient having hemicrania continua showed semilunar involvement ("mini-boomerang") on T2-weighted and FLAIR image. All the cases had noncontiguous involvement of the splenium. We herein, discuss these cases with transient splenial involvement and stress that such patients do not need aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. An attempt has been made to review the literature regarding the pathophysiology, etiology, and outcome of such lesions.
Subject(s)
Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods , Interferon-gamma/metabolism , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology , Tuberculosis, Meningeal/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Early Diagnosis , Female , Humans , Immunoassay/methods , Male , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Sensitivity and Specificity , Young AdultSubject(s)
Heroin Dependence/complications , Leukoencephalopathies/etiology , Adult , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , MaleABSTRACT
Neurologic manifestations of wasp sting are uncommon and delayed in onset (Sachdev et al. [1]). Various central and peripheral nervous system presentations have been described including wasp sting encephalopathy, cerebral infarction, optic neuropathy, polyradiculopathy, neuromuscular junction disorders, etc [1]. Cerebral infarction is a rare manifestation and sequential bilateral hemiparesis has been reported in only one case (Riggs [2]). We report a case of a young boy presented with bilateral cavernous sinus thrombosis with bilateral cerebral infarcts, a rare combination.
