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1.
Curr Protein Pept Sci ; 21(1): 52-65, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31702489

ABSTRACT

Hormones are known to influence various body systems that include skeletal, cardiac, digestive, excretory, and immune systems. Emerging investigations suggest the key role played by secretions of endocrine glands in immune cell differentiation, proliferation, activation, and memory attributes of the immune system. The link between steroid hormones such as glucocorticoids and inflammation is widely known. However, the role of peptide hormones and amino acid derivatives such as growth and thyroid hormones, prolactin, dopamine, and thymopoietin in regulating the functioning of the immune system remains unclear. Here, we reviewed the findings pertinent to the functional role of hormone-immune interactions in health and disease and proposed perspective directions for translational research in the field.


Subject(s)
Endocrine System Diseases/metabolism , Endocrine System/metabolism , Growth Hormone/metabolism , Immune System Diseases/metabolism , Immune System/metabolism , Prolactin/metabolism , Thymocytes/metabolism , Animals , Cell Communication , Cytokines/genetics , Cytokines/immunology , Cytokines/metabolism , Dopamine/genetics , Dopamine/immunology , Dopamine/metabolism , Endocrine System/cytology , Endocrine System/immunology , Endocrine System Diseases/genetics , Endocrine System Diseases/immunology , Endocrine System Diseases/pathology , Glucocorticoids/genetics , Glucocorticoids/immunology , Glucocorticoids/metabolism , Growth Hormone/genetics , Growth Hormone/immunology , Humans , Immune System/cytology , Immune System/immunology , Immune System Diseases/genetics , Immune System Diseases/immunology , Immune System Diseases/pathology , Lactotrophs/cytology , Lactotrophs/immunology , Lactotrophs/metabolism , Prolactin/genetics , Prolactin/immunology , Receptors, Dopamine/genetics , Receptors, Dopamine/immunology , Receptors, Dopamine/metabolism , Somatotrophs/cytology , Somatotrophs/immunology , Somatotrophs/metabolism , Thymocytes/cytology , Thymocytes/immunology , Thyroid Hormones/genetics , Thyroid Hormones/immunology , Thyroid Hormones/metabolism
2.
Pharmacognosy Res ; 7(1): 121-5, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25598646

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Natural products have continually played an important role in drug discovery because it serves as active principles in drugs as well as templates for synthesis of new drugs. Cayratia trifolia (L.) is a medicinal plant, which has been reported to have antiviral, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, hypoglycemic, anticancer and diuretic activities. OBJECTIVE: Therefore, the objective of this study is to isolate and identify the natural compound from the ethanolic extract of Cayratia trifolia (L.) and to predict the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion (ADME) properties of isolated natural compound. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Column chromatography and thin layer chromatography were used to isolate the natural compound and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to predict the functional groups present in the isolated natural compound. The structural characterization studies were functionally carried out using (1)H, (13)C, two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry methods. RESULTS: FTIR showed that, the groups of OH, C-H, C = C may be present in the isolated natural compound. (1)H, (13)C, two-dimensional NMR and mass spectrometry data suggests that the isolated natural compound probably like linoleic acid. In silico ADME properties, prediction of the compound was under acceptable range. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, it can be concluded that, the isolated natural compound of linoleic acid that has been exhibited good medicinal properties.

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