LSTM Network Integrated with Particle Filter for Predicting the Bus Passenger Traffic.

The paper reports a combination of the deep learning technique and bayesian filtering to effectively predict the passenger traffic. The architecture of the model integrates the particle filter with the LSTM network. The time series sequential prediction is best achieved using LSTM network while Markovian behaviour is well extracted using Bayesian (Particle Filter) filters. The temporal and spatial features of the traffic data are analyzed. Three relevant temporal variations viz., morning, noon and post noon patterns are identified after the histogram analysis. These patterns are statistically modelled and the integrated model is used to accurately predict the passenger flow for the next thirty days, facilitating, the bus scheduling for that period. The experimental results proved that the proposed integrated model with coefficient of determination ( R 2 ) value of 0.88 is functional in predicting the passenger traffic even when the training data set size is small.

Predictors of hypertension among current smokeless tobacco users in India; analysis from the fourth round of National Family Health Survey (2015-2016).

Background: Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The association between different risk factors including smoking and hypertension is studied extensively; however, there is a paucity of literature with respect to association between smokeless tobacco use and hypertension in India. In the current study, the relationship between smokeless forms of tobacco use and hypertension is being investigated. Methodology: This study analyzed the data from fourth round of National Family Health Survey conducted during 2015-2016. Socio-demographic variables such as age, sex, education, wealth index, body mass index, smoked forms of tobacco use, and smokeless forms of tobacco like paan, gutkha, Khaini, etc., presence of co-morbidities were the independent variables. Hypertension was the dependent variable. Results: It was observed from the present analysis that, smokeless tobacco use is a risk factor for hypertension both in the case of females OR-1.1**(1.08-1.13) as well as males OR-1.07**(1.03-1.1). The other predictors observed were overweight, consumption of alcohol, and diabetes. Conclusion: It was concluded from the present study, that consumption of smokeless tobacco use acts as an independent risk factor for hypertension.

2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: SOS Alert for Dentists.

On January 31, 2020, novel coronavirus (nCoV), a zoonotic virus yet to be identified into the taxonomy, created a powerful ripple through mankind that the World Health Organization has declared a global health emergency.1 This is definitely not the first time that an alarm has been rung by this family of viruses. Epidemic impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) due to SARS CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) by MERS CoV has engraved their place in the scientific literature.2 In general, CoV is known to cause respiratory diseases in humans and accounts for one-third of common cold infections.3 The current outbreak by 2019 nCoV in the Chinese city of Wuhan began in December 2019, has infected nearly 102,188 with 3,491 deaths reported as of March 7, 2020, and has spread to nearly 92 countries.1,4 An assumed incubation period between 2 and 14 days, with flu-like symptoms, may progress into severe pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome which may be the reason for mortality.5,6.

Clinical evaluation of photodynamic therapy for the treatment of refractory oral Lichen planus - A case series.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory, immune mediated mucocutaneous disorder of uncertain etiology. Psychologic stress has been found to be a main contributing factor in onset and progression of lesions. Most erosive OLP patients are refractory to available therapies, even corticosteroids, and report remarkable side effects. As photodynamic therapy (PDT) has proved it to be an effective and safe alternative treatment of abnormal or neoplastic cells we employed PDT for this diagnosis. Due to limited literature on application of this method for treatment of refractory erosive OLP, we present a series of 10 cases of bilateral erosive LP treated by 5 -Aminolevulinic acid mediated PDT. Outcome of our clinical cases showed remarkable improvement in lesions with reduction in Reticulation, Erythema, Ulceration (REU) score (from 5 to 3) and burning sensation as recorded by Visual Analogue Scale (Pretreatment VAS ranged from 5 to 8, posttreatment VAS was 0-1). PDT could be used as a complementary treatment method for symptomatic resistant OLP lesions, although our findings necessitate further research to validate the efficacy of this method for control of resistant oral lichen planus.

Quantitative Evaluation of Tumour--Associated Tissue Eosinophilia and Cyclo-oxegenase-2 Gene in Oral Cancer Patients with Assessment of Long Term Outcomes.

Various histopathological parameters have been extensively studied for prognostication of oral cancer but the focus is now getting diverted towards the role of inflammatory mediators in cancer progression. The present study was undertaken to evaluate two such components of the inflammatory milieu, tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) as well as Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression, quantitatively in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients in relation to treatment outcomes and patterns of recurrence. A total of forty five patients with primary OSCC matching our inclusion criteria were selected for the study and followed up over a five year period. TATE was evaluated from the invasive front of the tumor using Haematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stained sections of histopathological specimens and graded as mild, moderate or intense. COX-2 gene expression was obtained from specimens using the reverse transcriptase--polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. A statistically significant association was observed between degree of TATE and locoregional recurrence (P < 0.001). The expression of COX-2 gene ranged from 0.4326 to 0.9998 and a higher mean COX-2 score was recorded in samples with intense degree of TATE followed by moderate and mild TATE. (P < 0.001). Using the t-test, the difference in mean COX-2 was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.001) between patients who developed locoregional recurrence and those who did not. The analysis of TATE may provide an indication of future recurrence at the time of diagnosis of OSCC. Also, the increased expression of COX-2 gene in OSCC strongly suggests its possible use as a chemopreventive/chemotherapeutic target.