ABSTRACT
This paper describes the elimination of porphyrins by feces. It was demonstrated that porphyrin accumulates substantially more in tumors than in normal tissues, and consequently more PPIX reaches the blood of patients and animals with tumors, and then, it needs to be eliminated. The fluorescence of feces revealed that there are large amounts of PPIX in the excreta of animals with cancer comparing with healthy animals. The autofluorescence of feces porphyrin extracted with acetone was analyzed using fluorescence spectroscopy of animals inoculated with DU145 cells into the prostate and healthy animals to monitor the PPIX concentration. Emission spectra were obtained by exciting the samples at 405 nm. Significant differences were observed in autofluorescence intensities measured in the 575-725 nm spectral regions for the studied groups. The results showed a noninvasive, simple, rapid and sensitive method to detect cancer by feces analysis.
Subject(s)
Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Feces/chemistry , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Protoporphyrins/metabolism , Animals , Cell Line, Tumor , Humans , Male , Mice , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism , Protoporphyrins/biosynthesis , Spectrometry, FluorescenceABSTRACT
We introduce the use of a lanthanide complex, tetracycline-europium, for the clinical diagnosis of urea hydrogen peroxide in human whole blood. The values obtained agree with the urea concentration variation verified in 49 patients, including 12 predialysis, 12 peritoneal, and 15 dialysis subjects, and 10 controls. This method is noninvasive and can help in the identification of renal and cardiac diseases.
Subject(s)
Molecular Probes/chemistry , Organometallic Compounds/chemistry , Peroxides/blood , Tetracyclines/chemistry , Urea/analogs & derivatives , Biosensing Techniques/methods , Carbamide Peroxide , Drug Combinations , Fluorescence , Humans , Kidney Failure, Chronic/blood , Kidney Failure, Chronic/diagnosis , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Renal Dialysis , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Urea/bloodABSTRACT
Bacteriophages isolated from free-range chickens were tested as a therapeutic agent for reducing the concentration of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis phage type 4 (S. Enteritidis PT4) in caeca of broilers. One-day-old broilers infected with S. Enteritidis PT4 by a seeder bird method were orally treated on the seventh day of age with a mixture of 10(11) plaque-forming units of each of three bacteriophages. Five days after treatment the bacteriophage-treated group showed a reduction of 3.5 orders of magnitude on colony-forming units of S. Enteritidis PT4 per gram of caecal content. Samples collected at 10, 15, 20 and 25 days after treatment revealed that treated birds still had lower colony-forming units of S. Enteritidis PT4 per gram of caecal content. These data gave us compelling evidence that a mixture of bacteriophages may be efficacious in reducing S. Enteritidis PT4 concentration in broilers' caeca and therefore reducing contamination of poultry products by this food-borne pathogen.
Subject(s)
Cecum/microbiology , Poultry Diseases/prevention & control , Salmonella Infections, Animal/prevention & control , Salmonella Phages/physiology , Salmonella enteritidis/virology , Animals , Antibiosis , Cecum/virology , Chickens , Poultry Diseases/virology , Salmonella enteritidis/growth & developmentABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the ultrastructural changes in dentin after treatment with the Nd:YAG laser and/or metal salt solutions and verified the presence of Sn++, Sr++, and F- in dentin structure. STUDY DESIGNS/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty dentin disks were randomly divided into groups (n = 10): (I) control (no treatment), (II) Nd:YAG (1.5 W, 100 mJ, 15 Hz, 125 J/cm2), (III) 10% SnF2 aqueous solution for 30 minutes, (IV) Nd:YAG+10% SnF2 aqueous solution for 30 minutes, (V) 10% SrCl2 toothpaste for 30 minutes, (VI) Nd:YAG+10% SrCl2 toothpaste for 30 minutes. Then, all samples were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the samples from Groups I to IV for the energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). RESULTS: SEM evaluation revealed occluded dentinal tubules and a dentin surface altered by the laser irradiation. The EDX microanalysis revealed Sn++ at a depth of 250 microm in Group IV and not deeper than 100 microm in Group III. In Group V, Sr++ was not deeper than 50 microm, but it could be detected at a depth of 500 microm in Group VI. F- was found only in Group IV. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrastructural changes caused by laser irradiation can increase dentin uptake of Sn++, Sr++, and F-.
Subject(s)
Dentifrices/pharmacology , Dentin/drug effects , Dentin/radiation effects , Laser Therapy , Strontium/pharmacology , Tin Fluorides/pharmacology , Dentin/metabolism , Dentin/ultrastructure , Dentin Permeability/drug effects , Dentin Permeability/radiation effects , Dentin Sensitivity , Fluorine/physiology , Humans , Ions/metabolism , Metals/pharmacology , Salts/pharmacology , Strontium/physiology , Tin/physiologyABSTRACT
A Mycoplasma synoviae (MS)-free flock of broiler breeders was housed for brooding and rearing on an MS endemic farm. PCR revealed that the flock became infected within nine weeks. At 22 weeks the flock was transferred to a clean and disinfected house on a previously depopulated farm. The birds were then subjected to three treatments with fluoroquinolones due to recurrent Escherichia coli peritonitis and from the 32 weeks of age they received 600 ppm of oxytetracycline hydrochloride continuously in the feed. Monitoring by PCR showed a decrease in MS positive birds after 34 weeks of age and MS may have been eradicated as judged by consistent negative results in PCR. We conclude that intensive antibiotic treatments supported by adequate biosecurity could clear MS from infected broiler breeders.
