ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the seropositivity rate of rapid tests for HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B and C among transvestites and transgender women (transfeminine persons) inmates in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, analyzing the results based on sociodemographic, prison profile and access to health technologies to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). METHODS: Cross-sectional census-type study carried out with transfeminine in eleven male prisons in Rio de Janeiro, between the months of April and June 2021. RESULTS: The detection rates found were 34.4% for HIV, and 48.9% for syphilis, and 0.8% for type B and C hepatitis. Seropositivity for more than one infection was verified in 25.4% of participants, and HIV/syphilis was the most prevalent. An increase in the level of education (p=0.037) and having a steady partner in prison (p=0.041) were considered protective factors for STIs in this population. Difficulties were identified in accessing STI prevention technologies, such as male condoms, lubricating gel, rapid tests, and prophylactic antiretroviral therapies for HIV. CONCLUSION: HIV and syphilis seropositivity rates were high, but within the profile found in this population in other studies inside or outside prisons. The data found indicates the need to incorporate effective strategies for access to health technologies for the prevention of STIs. The scarcity of scientific publications containing epidemiological data on STIs in the transfeminine prison population limited deeper comparisons of the results obtained in this study.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Syphilis , Male , Female , Humans , Syphilis/epidemiology , Prisons , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/diagnosis , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/prevention & control , HIV Infections/diagnosis , PrevalenceABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the seropositivity rate of rapid tests for HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B and C among transvestites and transgender women (transfeminine persons) inmates in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, analyzing the results based on sociodemographic, prison profile and access to health technologies to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Methods: Cross-sectional census-type study carried out with transfeminine in eleven male prisons in Rio de Janeiro, between the months of April and June 2021. Results: The detection rates found were 34.4% for HIV, and 48.9% for syphilis, and 0.8% for type B and C hepatitis. Seropositivity for more than one infection was verified in 25.4% of participants, and HIV/syphilis was the most prevalent. An increase in the level of education (p=0.037) and having a steady partner in prison (p=0.041) were considered protective factors for STIs in this population. Difficulties were identified in accessing STI prevention technologies, such as male condoms, lubricating gel, rapid tests, and prophylactic antiretroviral therapies for HIV. Conclusion: HIV and syphilis seropositivity rates were high, but within the profile found in this population in other studies inside or outside prisons. The data found indicates the need to incorporate effective strategies for access to health technologies for the prevention of STIs. The scarcity of scientific publications containing epidemiological data on STIs in the transfeminine prison population limited deeper comparisons of the results obtained in this study.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a taxa de soropositividade dos testes rápidos para HIV, sífilis e hepatite B e C entre travestis e mulheres transexuais (transfemininas) privadas de liberdade na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, analisando os resultados diante do perfil sociodemográfico, prisional e acesso às tecnologias de saúde para prevenir infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST). Métodos: Estudo transversal do tipo censitário realizado com transfemininas em 11 prisões do Rio de Janeiro, entre os meses de abril e junho de 2021. Resultados: As taxas de soropositividade encontradas foram de 34,4% para o HIV, 48,9% para sífilis e 0,8% para as hepatites do tipo B e C. A soropositividade para mais de uma infecção foi verificada em 25,4% das participantes, e HIV/sífilis foi a mais prevalente. O aumento no nível de escolarização (p=0,037), e possuir parceiro fixo na prisão (p=0,041) foram considerados fatores de proteção para as IST nessa população. Foram identificadas dificuldades no acesso às tecnologias de prevenção contra IST, como preservativo masculino, gel lubrificante, testes rápidos e terapias antirretrovirais profiláticas para o HIV. Conclusão: As taxas de soropositividade para o HIV e sífilis foram elevadas, mas no perfil encontrado nessa população em outros estudos dentro e fora das prisões. Os dados encontrados indicam a necessidade de incorporar estratégias efetivas para o acesso às tecnologias em saúde para a prevenção das IST. A escassez de publicações científicas contendo dados epidemiológicos sobre IST na população transfeminina em situação de prisão limitou a realização de comparações mais profundas dos resultados obtidos neste estudo.
ABSTRACT
Objetivos: identificar a ocorrência de STORCH em RN de mulheres infectadas pelo ZIKV; descrever o perfil sócio demográfico e obstétrico das mulheres infectadas pelo ZIKV e descrever o perfil clínico epidemiológico dos RN de mulheres infectadas pelo ZIKV e que tiveram coinfecção por STORCH. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal inserido numa pesquisa de coorte intitulada "Exposição vertical ao Zika vírus e suas consequências para o neurodesenvolvimento infantil", realizado de março de 2016 a maio de 2017. Os casos foram definidos com base na classificação do Ministério da Saúde e foram classificados como confirmados e prováveis para infecção congênita por STORCH + ZIKA. Resultados: A população de estudo foi composta por mulheres infectadas pelo ZIKV (n = 70) e seus RN (n = 74), nascidos no Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF/Fiocruz). Doze (17%) mulheres tiveram coinfecção por ZIKV e STORCH e quatorze (19%) RN foram expostos. Quatro RN foram classificados como caso confirmado de coinfecção por STORCH + Zika, dois RN foram classificados como caso provável de coinfecção e oito RN não se enquadraram na classificação proposta e mantiveram a denominação de expostos. Conclusão: Os RN acometidos tiveram padrão anormal de neuroimagem e diversos achados clínicos lesivos ao nascimento e no período neonatal precoce, amplamente descritos na literatura como sequelas da infecção congênita por STORCHZ. Os dados deste estudo em RN infectados pelo ZIKV são únicos porque descrevem que lesões patognomônicas das STORCH podem ser identificadas, mesmo aquelas que se expressam com pouca repercussão clínica.
Objectives: to identify the occurrence of STORCH in newborns (NB) infected by ZIKV; to describe the sociodemographic and obstetric profile of ZIKV-infected women and to describe the clinical epidemiological profile of newborns infected by ZIKV who had co-infection with STORCH. Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study inserted in a cohort study entitled "Vertical exposure to Zika virus and its consequences for children's neurodevelopment", carried out from March 2016 to May 2017. Cases were defined based on the classification of the Ministry of Health of Brazil and were classified as confirmed and probable for congenital STORCH + ZIKA infection. Results: Study population was composed of women infected by ZIKV (n = 70) and their NB (n = 74), borned at the National Institute of Women, Child and Adolescent Health Fernandes Figueira of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IFF/Fiocruz). Twelve (17%) women had coinfection with ZIKV and STORCH and fourteen (19%) RN were exposed. Four newborns were classified as a confirmed case of co-infection with STORCH + Zika, two newborns were classified as a probable case of co-infection and eight newborns were not included in the proposed classification and maintained denomination of exposed. Conclusion: Affected NB had abnormal neuroimaging pattern and several injurious clinical findings at birth and in the early neonatal period, widely described in the literature as sequelae of congenital STORCHZ infection. Data from this study in infants infected with ZIKV are unique because they describe that STORCH pathognomonic lesions can be identified, even those that express themselves with little clinical repercussion.
