ABSTRACT
Glycerin contributes to the animal's energy metabolism as an important structural component of triglycerides and phospholipids. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of replacing corn with 0, 5, 10, and 15% of glycerin in terms of performance, digestibility, carcass yield, relative weights of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) organs, and nutrient metabolism. Four hundred chickens (40.0 g ± 0.05 g) were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replicates. Growth parameters were measured at 7, 14, 21, and 42 days. Digestibility of crude protein and fat, carcass yield, relative weights of GIT organs, and biochemical blood profile were measured. The results were subject to an analysis of variance by Tukey's HSD test (p > 0.05). The inclusion of 5%, 10%, or 15% of glycerin did not influence performance or affect the crude protein and fat digestibility in broilers (p > 0.05) when compared to that of the basal (0%) diet. Similarly, the supplementation of glycerin levels showed no significant influence (p > 0.05) on the relative GIT organ weights, carcass yield, or nutrient metabolism. Thus, we concluded that glycerin may be included in the broilers' diets in rations of up to 15%.
ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the level and length of time of vitamin A supplementation and its effects on carcass and cuts yield, meat quality, and myopathies in 42-day-old broilers. A total of 1,920 birds were divided into 6 groups, and each group received a different level of vitamin A: 0; 6,000; 16,000; 26,000; 36,000 and 46,000 IU/ kg. From d 1 to 21, the treatments were distributed among 16 replicates with 20 birds. From the 22nd d on, 8 repetitions remained with the initial treatment and the others received diets with no vitamin A supplementation. Twelve birds were slaughtered per treatment to evaluate carcass and cuts yield, shear force, cooking loss, water holding capacity, and the presence of substances reactive to thiobarbituric acid. The remaining birds were slaughtered and evaluated in loco for Wooden Breast (WB) and White Striping (WS). Wings weight was affected by vitamin A levels. The duration of the vitamin A supplementation process had effects on the weight of breast, legs with a dorsal portion, and meat color in the yellow intensity (b*). Incidence of WB had higher scores in birds supplemented until 42 d of age. WS showed a quadratic response and a lower response with supplementation of 29,700 IU/ kg. Even for WS, a higher occurrence of the normal score was found in birds supplemented until 21 d of age. Minimal quadratic responses were obtained for normal, moderate, and severe scores, in supplementations of 29,301; 29,959, and 29,827 IU/ kg, respectively. WB had lower occurrence rates in birds supplemented until 21 d of age. Consequently, the severe score was more frequent when supplementation was provided until 42 d of age. The level of vitamin A and the length of time during which this supplementation was provided had influence on cuts yield, meat color and the incidence of WB and WS of the 42-day-old birds.
Subject(s)
Chickens , Vitamin A , Animal Feed/analysis , Animals , Diet/veterinary , Meat/analysis , Pectoralis MusclesABSTRACT
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e classificar as principais causas de morte de leitões com até seis dias de idade, em umsistema intensivo de suínos confinados (SISCO), localizado na região médio-norte do estado de Mato Grosso durante o anode 2006. Observaram-se 48.416 leitões provenientes de 2.054 matrizes. Verificou-se taxa de mortalidade de 7,43% do totalde nascidos vivos. As causas mais frequentes de mortalidade, em relação ao total de nascidos vivos, foram esmagamento(24,14%), debilitação (8,01%), síndrome diarreica (6,0%), defeitos genéticos (2,41%) e outras causas sem diagnósticoconfirmado durante a necrópsia (15,20%). A taxa de natimortalidade em relação ao total de nascidos foi de 5,59%. Comrelação à sazonalidade das mortes, observou-se maior índice de mortalidade por síndrome diarreica durante a primavera,que coincide com os meses mais quentes do ano, não observando tendência para morte por esmagamento em nenhumaépoca do ano.
The objective of this research was to evaluate and to classify (by means of postmortem findings), the occurrence of the preweaning losses of piglets until the six days of age, in a intensive system of bordered pigs, at the middle north of Mato Grosso State during the year 2006. They had been observed a total of 48.416 piglets proceeding from 2.054 wombs. Was verified the tax of mortality of 7,43% of that livings piglets had been born. The most frequent causes of losses were overlaying (24.14 %), diverse causes (15.20), weakness (8.01 %), diarrhea syndrome (6.0 %) and genetic defects (2.41 %). Stillbirth rate, in relation to total born, was 5.59 %. In relation of periodicity deaths, it was observed a higher number of diarrhea syndrome during the spring, that coincides with the hottest months of the year, wasnt observed trends of overlaying deaths none time during the year.
