ABSTRACT
Fireworks that are used in our day-to-day life are also becoming a part of greenhouse emission in the environment. Hence, it becomes the need of the hour to act immediately to reduce environmental pollution so that the future becomes safer. The objective of the current research work focuses on the reduction of pollution caused due to the emission from burning fireworks and this work is intended to reduce the sulphur emissions from crackers. One of the important ingredients used in pyrotechnics is flash powder. The traditional flash powder composition contains aluminium powder as fuel, potassium nitrate as an oxidizer and sulphur as an igniter at defined levels. To reduce the impact of sulphur emissions in flash powder, an organic compound like Sargassum wightii brown seaweed powder is used as a replacement at prescribed levels and the experimentation is carried out. It is found that the sulphur weightage in the flash powder composition can be replaced up to 50% with the Sargassum wightii brown seaweed powder without affecting the traditional performance of the flash powder. To study the emissions taking place in the flash powder composition, a specially designed flash powder emission testing chamber has been developed. Three different compositions of flash powder compositions were made and they are named SP (no seaweed powder), SP5 (5% seaweed powder) and SP10 (10% seaweed powder) respectively as per the use of Sargassum wightii seaweed powder in the traditional flash powder composition. During testing, it has been found that the emission of sulphur has been reduced up to a maximum of 17% in SP% and 24% in SP10 flash powder composition. It is also evident that the flash powder composition with Sargassum wightii can result in a reduction in toxic sulphur emission by up to 21% on the modified flash powder. Furthermore, it has been found that the auto-ignition temperature of the existing and modified flash powder compositions was in the range of 353-359 °C, 357-363 °C and 361-365 °C for SP, SP5 and SP10 compositions respectively. FTIR analysis proved the presence of carbon, sulphur and nitro compounds in the Sargassum wightii seaweed powder.
Subject(s)
Sargassum , Seaweed , Powders , SulfurABSTRACT
Aluminium-based fibre-metal laminates are lucrative candidates for aerospace manufacturers since they are lightweight and high-strength materials. The flower extract of aerva lanata was studied in order to prevent the effect of corrosion on the aluminium-based fibre-metal laminates (FMLs) in basic media. It is considered an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor using natural sources. Its flower species belong to the Amaranthaceae family. The results of the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) show that this flower extract includes organic compounds such as aromatic links, heteroatoms, and oxygen, which can be used as an organic corrosion inhibitor in an acidic environment. The effectiveness of the aerva-lanata flower behaviour in acting as an inhibitor of the corrosion process of FMLs was studied in 3.5% NaCl solution. The inhibition efficiency was calculated within a range of concentration of the inhibitor at room temperature, using the weight-loss method, potentiodynamic polarization measurements and electrochemical-impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicate a characterization of about 87.02% in the presence of 600 ppm of inhibitor. The Tafel curve in the polarization experiments shows an inhibition efficiency of 88%. The inhibition mechanism was the absorption on the FML surface, and its absorption was observed with the aid of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. This complex protective film occupies a larger surface area on the surface of the FML. Hence, by restricting the surface of the metallic layer from the corrosive medium, the charge and ion switch at the FML surface is reduced, thereby increasing the corrosion resistance.
