[Study of the variations in cardiovascular system indicators using the main component method]. / Issledovanie variatsii pokazatelei serdechno-sosudistoi sistemy s ispol'zovaniem metoda glavnykh komponent.

The main component method was used to analyze measurements of cardiovascular parameters taken in 14 healthy operators at rest. The entire sample included 237 observations. Each observation was characterized by the deviation of heart rate, mean blood pressure and stroke volume from individual data points. The latter were individual mean values of the above parameters recorded during the Valsalva maneuver. The first two main components were responsible for over 77% of total variance of signs. Visual analysis of observation distribution with respect to the components revealed small group and single data points situated peripherally at a distance from the major constellation of data points. With respect to the values in these groups it can be assumed that some of them correspond to the stressed state of the cardiovascular system. Two thirds of data points in the stressed groups are associated with the subjects who show a weak reaction to the Valsalva maneuver and one third corresponds to the true stressed state. Taking into account the Valsalva maneuver, the deviations from individual data points can be used to identify the stressed state of the cardiovascular system in healthy men at rest.

[Metabolism of potassium and sodium when administered with different anions to patients with ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension]. / Obmen kaliia i natriia pri vvedenii ikh s razlichnymi anionami u bol'nykh ischemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa i arterial'nymi gipertenziiami.

In 116 patients with coronary heart disease, essential hypertension, acute and chronic glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis, the authors observed differences in the excretion of the ions of 42K, stable potassium, 24Na, stable sodium, chlorine as well as in the value of diuresis during the administration of equimolar solutions of potassium hydrocarbonate and potassium chloride, sodium hydrocarbonate and sodium chloride labeled with 42K and 24Na respectively. These differences depended on the expression of the basic (alkaline) characteristics of the anions of the administered solutions of potassium and sodium and the osmolarity of the administered amount of liquid. Pronounced ion exchange reactions were observed during the administration of KHCO3 solution only, the multiplicity factor of the excretion of sodium and chlorine ions with urine significantly exceeding that of diuresis. During the administration of KCl solutions in the isotonic NaCl solution and 5% glucose, the excretion of sodium and chlorine ions changed strictly in accordance with the changes of diuresis. Similar changes were noted in the administration of the solutions of sodium hydrocarbonate and sodium chloride.

[Theroretical aspects of the problem of prognosing the state of the human body during space flight]. / Teoreticheskie aspekty problemy prognozirovaniia sostaoianiia organizma cheloveka vo vremia kosmicheskogo poleta

The paper presents general principles underlying the construction of mathematical systems used to predict the human health status in space flight. It describes methods of prediction based on the concepts of homeostasis and general adaptation syndrome. The paper discusses applications of methods of statistic approximation and expertise estimates to predict changes in different parameters of the Salyut crewmembers. It gives an evaluation of the accuracy with which variations in the heart rate of the Salyut crewmembers were predicted using a linear model and expertise estimates.