ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Assistive technologies (ATs) are resources to promote the independence and participation of people with a disability. The use of standardized tools, based on outcome measures, is essential for guaranteeing high-quality rates. The Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with AT-2.0 (QUEST) is a scale to assess the satisfaction of people using any AT. OBJECTIVES: To translate and culturally validate the QUEST-2.0 for the Spanish population (QUEST 2.0-ES). METHODS: A validation cross-design and descriptive study. The test-retest reliability, validity, and internal consistency of QUEST 2.0-ES were studied. It was divided into two phases: Sample 1 was formed by 26 persons; in sample 2, 30 persons participated. The conditions included neurological conditions, amputations, rare diseases, and deafness. RESULTS: Thirty-five men and 21 women participated in total. The majority of AT used were those for mobility. QUEST 2.0-ES analysis showed internal consistency values between the test (α = 0.87) and retest versions (α = 0.89). The internal consistency was high for AT (test, α = 0.83; retest, α = 0.87) and Service (test, α = 0.80; retest, α = 0.80). The temporal reliability (1-2 weeks) for test-retest was 0.88. CONCLUSION: QUEST 2.0-ES showed good psychometric properties in terms of validity and test-retest reliability, and it is a good tool to assess the user's satisfaction with ATs and services.
Subject(s)
Personal Satisfaction , Self-Help Devices , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Female , Humans , Male , Patient Satisfaction , Psychometrics , Quebec , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción El contexto de crisis socioeconómica en España ha repercutido en las condiciones laborales de la población, generando situaciones de incertidumbre y miedo a perder el empleo por parte de los/as trabajadores/as. A pesar de las emergentes líneas de investigación que abordan el empleo como ocupación en Terapia y Ciencia de la Ocupación crítica, poco se sabe sobre la volatilidad del empleo en relación a la amenaza de pérdida del mismo derivada de cambios contextuales. Objetivos Explorar la relación entre la amenaza de pérdida de empleo, derivada de cambios contextuales, y la participación en ocupaciones cotidianas, la salud y el bienestar durante la crisis socioeconómica en España. Metodología Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo exploratorio con diseño narrativo. Las técnicas de generación de datos fueron dos entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad y un diario personal. Se analizaron las experiencias de dos participantes mediante análisis temático. Resultados Emergieron tres categorías temáticas que ilustran cómo los/as trabajadores/as orquestan sus ocupaciones en un contexto de empleo volátil y sitúan el trabajo en un contexto multidimensional que restringe sus posibilidades ocupacionales. La inseguridad laboral genera una inestabilidad normalizada en la vida diaria, lo cual impacta en las elecciones ocupacionales, salud y bienestar de trabajadores/as. Los/as participantes reflexionan sobre sus perspectivas futuras de trabajo asociadas a la precariedad y resignación. Conclusión El estudio de la situación de amenaza de pérdida de empleo permite ampliar la conceptualización del trabajo como ocupación y contribuir en el desarrollo de prácticas basadas en la justicia ocupacional.
Resumo Introdução O contexto de crise socioeconômica na Espanha tem impactado as condições de trabalho da população, gerando situações de incerteza e medo pelos trabalhadores de perder o emprego. Apesar das linhas de pesquisa emergentes que abordam o emprego como uma ocupação em Terapia Ocupacional e Ciências Ocupacional Críticas, pouco se sabe sobre a volatilidade do emprego em relação à ameaça de perdê-lo derivada de mudanças contextuais. Objetivos Explorar a relação entre a ameaça de perda de emprego, derivada de mudanças contextuais, e a participação nas ocupações diárias, saúde e bem-estar durante a crise socioeconômica na Espanha. Método Foi realizado um estudo exploratório qualitativo com desenho narrativo. As técnicas de geração de dados foram duas entrevistas semiestruturadas em profundidade e um diário pessoal. As vivências de dois participantes foram analisadas por meio da análise temática. Resultados Emergiram três categorias temáticas que ilustram como os trabalhadores orquestram suas ocupações em um contexto de emprego volátil e colocam o trabalho em um contexto multidimensional que restringe suas possibilidades ocupacionais. A insegurança no trabalho gera uma instabilidade normalizada no cotidiano que impacta nas escolhas ocupacionais, na saúde e no bem-estar dos trabalhadores. Os participantes refletem sobre suas perspetivas futuras de emprego associadas à precariedade e à demissão. Conclusão O estudo da situação de ameaça de perda do emprego possibilita ampliar a conceituação do trabalho como ocupação e contribuir para o desenvolvimento de práticas pautadas na justiça ocupacional.
Abstract Introduction The Spanish socioeconomic crisis context has impacted on the population's work conditions, which generates instability and workers' fear of losing their job. Despite the recent research which addresses the work as an occupation in Critical Occupational Therapy and Science, little is known about the volatility of employment in relation to the job instability resulting from contextual changes. Objectives To explore the relationship between employment volatility, participation in daily occupations, and the health and wellbeing of workers during the Spanish socioeconomic crisis. Method A narrative qualitative methodology was conducted. Two open interviews and a personal diary were used as data generation methods. Two experiences were analyzed by adopting a thematic analysis. Results Three thematic categories illustrate how workers orchestrate their occupations in a context of employment volatility and they situate the multidimensional context of work in such circumstances as restrictive of occupational opportunities. Uncertainty generates a normalized instability in the daily life of workers, which impact occupational choices, health, and wellbeing. In addition, participants reflect on future perspectives of work associated with precarity and resignation. Conclusions The study of the employment volatility contributes to broadening the conceptualization of work as an occupation and contribute to the development of occupational justice-based practices.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Assistive Technology (AT) refers to "assistive products and related systems and services developed for people to maintain or improve functioning and thereby to promote well-being". Improving the process of design and creation of assistive products is an important step towards strengthening AT provision. PURPOSE: (1) to present a framework for designing and creating Low-Cost AT; (2) to display the preliminary results and evidence derived from applying the framework. METHODOLOGY: First, an evidence-based process was applied to develop and conceptualize the framework. Then, a pilot project to validate the framework was carried out. The sample was formed by 11 people with disabilities. The measure instruments were specific questionnaire, several forms of the Matching Person-Technology model, the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Device Scale, and a tool to assess the usability and universal design of AT. RESULTS: The framework integrates three phases: Identification (Design), Creation (Making the prototype), and Implementation (Outcome Measures), based on the principles of Design Thinking, and with a user-centered perspective. The preliminary results showed the coherence of the entire process and its applicability. The matching between person and device was high, representing the importance of involving the user in the design and selection of AT. CONCLUSIONS: The framework is a guide for professionals and users to apply a Low-Cost and Do-It-Yourself perspective to the provision of AT. It highlights the importance of monitoring the entire procedure and measuring the effects, by applying the outcome measures.
