ABSTRACT
We aimed to develop a standardized methodology to determine the metabolic profile of organic extracts from Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. (Malvaceae), a Mexican plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hypertension and other illnesses. Also, we determined the vasorelaxant activity of these extracts by ex vivo rat thoracic aorta assay. Organic extracts of stems and leaves were prepared by a comprehensive maceration process. The vasorelaxant activity was determined by measuring the relaxant capability of the extract to decrease a contraction induced by noradrenaline (0.1â µM). The hexane extract induced a significant vasorelaxant effect in a concentration- and endothelium-dependent manner. Secondary metabolites, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, terpenes and one flavonoid, were annotated by liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/QTOF-MS) in positive ion mode. This exploratory study allowed us to identify bioactive secondary metabolites from Malvaviscus arboreus, as well as identify potentially-new vasorelaxant molecules and scaffolds for drug discovery.
Subject(s)
Aorta, Thoracic/chemistry , Malvaceae/chemistry , Plant Extracts/metabolism , Vasodilator Agents/metabolism , Animals , Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism , Chromatography, Liquid , Male , Malvaceae/metabolism , Mass Spectrometry , Molecular Structure , Plant Extracts/analysis , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Vasodilator Agents/analysisABSTRACT
A series of 6-substituted 2-(N-trifluoroacetylamino)imidazopyridines have been synthesized and their bioactivities were evaluated. Compounds 6a, 6c, and 11a were the most active compounds with modest cytotoxic activity against six human cancer cell lines U251 (glioma), PC-3 (prostate), K-562 (leukemia), HCT-15 (colon), MCF7 (breast) and SK-LU-1 (lung). The cell cycle analysis showed that compounds 6a, 6c, and 11a induce a G2/M phase cell cycle arrest on SK-LU-1 cell line where inhibition of CDK-1 and CDK-2 may be implicated.
Subject(s)
Apoptosis/drug effects , Cell Cycle/drug effects , Fluorine/chemistry , Imidazoles/pharmacology , Pyridines/pharmacology , CDC2 Protein Kinase/metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Humans , Imidazoles/chemical synthesis , Imidazoles/chemistry , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Molecular Structure , Pyridines/chemical synthesis , Pyridines/chemistryABSTRACT
A series of 2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine- and quinoline-substituted 2-aminopyrimidines derivatives were synthesized using a convenient synthetic route. We evaluate the isosteric replacement of methyl groups in 4-(2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-N-p-tolylpyrimidin-2-amine (compound 1) by trifluoromethyl groups and the isosteric substitution of the 2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl scaffold by quinolin-4-yl or quinolin-3-yl moieties. The replacement of hydrogen by fluorine does not affect notably the cytotoxic activity and CDK inhibitor activity in this series. Quinolin-4-yl-substituted compound, 8, presents cytotoxic activity and is most effective and selective against CDK1/CycA than against CDK2/CycB. Compound 11, which has a quinolin-3-yl moiety is CDK inhibitor but presents null cytotoxic activity. Quinolin-4-yl-substituted compounds constitute a new lead of cytotoxic and CDK inhibitor compounds from which more compelling and selective inhibitors can be designed.