ABSTRACT
Fracture susceptibility depends jointly on bone mineral content (BMC), gross bone anatomy, and bone microarchitecture and quality. Overall, it has been estimated that 50-70% of bone strength is determined genetically. Because of the difficulty of performing studies of the genetics of bone strength in humans, we have used the HcB/Dem series of recombinant congenic (RC) mice to investigate this phenotype. We performed a comprehensive phenotypic analysis of the HcB/Dem strains including morphological analysis of long bones, measurement of ash percentage, and biomechanical testing. Body mass, ash percentage, and moment of inertia each correlated moderately but imperfectly with biomechanical performance. Several chromosome regions, on chromosomes 1, 2, 8, 10, 11, and 12, show sufficient evidence of linkage to warrant closer examination in further crosses. These studies support the view that mineral content, diaphyseal diameter, and additional nonmineral material properties contributing to overall bone strength are controlled by distinct sets of genes. Moreover, the mapping data are consistent with the existence of pleiotropic loci for bone strength-related phenotypes. These findings show the importance of factors other than mineral content in determining skeletal performance and that these factors can be dissected genetically.
Subject(s)
Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology , Bone and Bones/physiology , Anatomy, Cross-Sectional , Animals , Biomechanical Phenomena , Body Weight , Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging , Female , Genetic Linkage , Mice , Mice, Inbred Strains , Multivariate Analysis , Phenotype , Radiography , Stress, MechanicalABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the nutritional impact of the ingestion of a fortified whole milk in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective, longitudinal assay in 227 children aged 8-60 months. INTERVENTION: Daily consumption of 500 ml of fortified milk during 90 days. We registered milk acceptance and assessed weight, height; hemoglobin, serum iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid, at the beginning and the end of the study. Statistical evaluation were done with central and dispersion indices in the dimensional variables, using Student's t test and chi 2 test for compare nominal variables at initial and the end of the study. RESULTS: At admission, 45 children were malnourished and 36 were anemic. At the end of the supplementation period there was a reduction to 35 malnourished (p < 0.21) and 18 anemic (p < 0.01). Anthropometric weight/height score in Z at the beginning and end of the study (x +/- S.D) were -0.35 +/- 0.88 vs -0.14 +/- 9 (p < 0.01); Hb g/dl: 11 +/- 1.3 vs 11.9 +/- 1.9 (p < 0.001), Iron mg/dl: 108 +/- 44 vs 115 +/- 31 (p = 0.06) and vitamin B12 pg/ml: 649 +/- 494 to 1053 +/- 854 (p < 0.001). The milk was well tolerated and widely accepted. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of a fortified whole milk during 90 days improved significantly the nutritional status of the children, the weight for height Z score, the plasma level of vitamin B12 and Hb, and decreased the number of anemic and malnourished children.
Subject(s)
Anemia/diet therapy , Food, Fortified , Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Milk , Nutrition Disorders/diet therapy , Animals , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Minerals/administration & dosage , Nutritional Status , Prospective Studies , Vitamins/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Gangrena gaseosa y tromboflevitis séptica o supurativa, son dos entidades clínico quirúrgicas diferentes, poco frecuentes en la práctica médica y con una alta incidencia en lo que a morbimortalidad se refiere. El presente caso es el de un paciente jóven, quien desarrolla estas dos patologías al mismo tiempo, con na etiopatogenia atípica a la referida en la literatura médica. Se demuestra la eficacia de la resonancia magnética nuclear, como un estudio complementario fundamental en el diagnóstico de procesos infecciosos ocultos de las extremidades. Se hace un resumen del tratamiento médico agresivo que debe ser institutido en estos casos poco comunes.
