ABSTRACT
Introducción: el empleo de dispositivos de tomografía por emisión de positrones mamodedicados (dbPET) mejora la resolución espacial respecto a la PET corporal total. La mamografía mediante imagen molecular PET (MAMMI-PET) es una nueva técnica, pero los estudios clínicos realizados son escasos. El objetivo del trabajo es determinar la sensibilidad, especificidad, los valores predictivos positivos y negativos de la MAMMI-PET, así como comparar el dispositivo con las pruebas de imagen tradicionales. Material y métodos: estudio observacional prospectivo y analítico sobre una muestra de pacientes con cáncer de mama confirmado histológicamente, atendidas en el Hospital General de Valencia (enero 2017-noviembre 2018). Se realizó un estudio preoperatorio con ecografía, mamografía, resonancia magnética nuclear y MAMMI-PET. Se consideró a la anatomía patológica como el patrón oro del número y tipo de lesiones existentes en cada mama. Se comprobó si el diagnóstico del MAMMI-PET para cada lesión coincidió con el resultado de la anatomía patológica. Se comparó la sensibilidad de cada prueba con la del MAMMI-PET empleando la prueba de Chi cuadrado con nivel de significación de 0,05. Resultados: se evaluaron los datos de 32 pacientes y 44 lesiones (36 malignas y 8 benignas). Dos pacientes fueron excluidas del estudio. Se obtuvo una sensibilidad del 75% para el MAMMI-PET. La mejor sensibilidad se obtuvo para la resonancia magnética nuclear con 85,3% mientras que para la ecografía y la mamografía fue de 77,8 y 69,4%, respectivamente. No se evidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el estudio comparativo entre el MAMMI-PET y el resto de las pruebas de imagen. Conclusiones: la sensibilidad del MAMMI-PET (75%) para el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama fue similar a las otras pruebas de imagen. (AU)
Introduction: The use of mammo dedicated breast PET (dbPET) scanners improves spacial resolution compared to Whole Body Pet images (WBPET). Mammography with Molecular Imaging PET (MAMMI-PET) is a new device with hardly any clinical studies. The aim of the study is to estimate the sensitivity of MAMMI-PET and compare it with classic imaging devices. Material and methods: A prospective and analytical observational study was carried out in a sample of patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer who were treated at our hospital between January 2017 and November 2018. Preoperative study of patients was performed with ultrasound, mammography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and MAMMI-PET. Findings (number and benignant/malignant lesions) of the anatomopathological (AP) study were used as the gold standard. Results between MAMMI-PET and AP were compared. The sensitivity of each test was compared with that of the MAMMI-PET using the Chi square test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Data from 32 patients and 44 lesions (36 malignant and 8 benign) were evaluated. Two patients were excluded. The MAMMI-PET sensitivity was 75%. The best sensitivity was obtained for MRI with 85.3%, while for ultrasound and mammography it was 77.8% and 69.4% respectively. No statistically significant differences were found between the sensitivity of MAMMIPET and the rest of the imaging tests. Conclusions: The sensitivity obtained for the MAMMI-PET scanner (75%) was similar to the other imaging tests. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mammography , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Prospective Studies , Hospitals, GeneralABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Imaging tests are a key element in the preoperative diagnosis of patients with breast cancer. Whole-body PET-computed tomography (PET/CT) breast studies have a limited spatial resolution, although dedicated breast PET (dbPET) devices such as the Mammography with Molecular Imaging PET (MAMMI-PET), have an increased sensitivity to detect tumor foci, especially those smaller than 2 cm. The purpose of this study is to define the validity and reliability of this new device. METHODS: A prospective and analytical observational study was carried out in a sample of patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer who were treated at our hospital between January 2017 and November 2018. The anatomopathological study findings for the surgical pieces were used as gold standards and we calculated their concordance with the findings from the MAMMI-PET as well as the validity and reliability parameters for this test. RESULTS: Data from 32 patients and 44 lesions (36 malignant and 8 benign) were evaluated. The mean patient age was 51.50 ± 11.68 years. Twenty patients had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). The technique concordance rate was weak ( K = 0.349, P = 0.001) and was 84.3% for benign lesions and 62.6% for malignant ones. The MAMMI-PET sensitivity was 75%, whereas its specificity was 57.1%; the positive predictive value was 81.8% and the negative predictive value was 47.1%, with an overall precision of 70%. The MAMMI-PET sensitivity was higher in patients who had not undergone NACT and was significantly higher in patients with luminal B breast cancer compared to the luminal A subtype. CONCLUSION: The MAMMI-PET device had acceptable sensitivity and a high positive predictive value for the preoperative evaluation of patients with breast cancer; it was especially useful for lesions whose diagnosis with other imaging tests had been doubtful.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Adult , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Female , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Humans , Middle Aged , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Positron-Emission Tomography/methods , Prospective Studies , Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Resumen La enfermedad diverticular es muy prevalente con gran repercusión económica y médica. A pesar de las múltiples guías para protocolizar el diagnóstico y tratamiento no existe unanimidad en su manejo. Hemos realizado una revisión actualizada con el objetivo de analizar los nuevos estudios de esta enfermedad, para manejarla adecuadamente y realizar el tratamiento más adecuado en cada momento. La enfermedad diverticular tiene un componente hereditario (40%) y presenta una relación directa con la dieta pobre en fibra, la obesidad, el consumo de carne roja, la inactividad, el alcohol y los AINEs. Por su clínica inespecífica, es difícil realizar un diagnóstico diferencial. La ecografía y el TC abdominal son métodos apropiados para el diagnóstico y se recomienda una colonoscopia de manera precoz (4ᵃ-8ᵃ semana) tras el cuadro agudo. La clasificación más seguida es la de Hinchey. En el tratamiento médico de la diverticulosis sintomática no se ha demostrado evidencia clara de ningún medicamento. La diverticulitis aguda no complicada se puede manejar ambulatoriamente y no es necesario el uso de antibióticos en pacientes sin factores de riesgo. En la diverticulitis complicada se tiende a un manejo conservador, aunque en el Hinchey III y IV el tratamiento es quirúrgico, recomendando la resección de la zona afecta y si es posible anastomosis con o sin estoma de protección. No se recomienda el lavado y drenaje en el Hinchey III. Hay que consensuar tratamiento de forma individualizada ya que no se recomienda tratamiento quirúrgico por el número de recurrencias ni por edad del paciente.
The diverticular disease is a prevalent condition with a great economic and medical repercussion. Despite the multiple guidelines available to protocolize diagnosis and treatment, there is not unanimity in its management. We have carried out an updated review with the aim of analyzing new studies of the disease, to manage it properly and to carry out the most appropriate treatment at each time. Diverticular disease has an inherited component (40%) and it is directly related to low fiber diet, obesity, consumption of red meat, inactivity, alcohol and NSAIDs. Due to its nonspecific symptoms, it is difficult to make a differential diagnosis. Ultrasound and abdominal CT are appropriate methods for diagnosis and early colonoscopy is recommended (4th-8th week) after acute symptoms. The most followed classification is the Hinchey Score. There is no clear evidence of the superiority of any drug in the treatment of symptomatic diverticulosis. Acute uncomplicated diverticulitis can be managed on an outpatient and the use of antibiotics is not necessary in patients without risk factors. Conservative management tends to be used in complicated diverticulitis, although in Hinchey III and IV the treatment is surgical, recommending resection of the affected area and, if possible, anastomosis with or without a protective stoma. Washing and draining is not recommended in the Hinchey III. Treatment must be agreed on an individual basis since surgical treatment is not recommended due to the number of recurrences or the age of the patient.
Subject(s)
Humans , Diverticulitis/diagnosis , Diverticular Diseases/physiopathology , Diverticular Diseases/therapy , Patient Care Management , Risk Factors , Diverticulitis, Colonic/physiopathologyABSTRACT
El pioderma gangrenoso periestomal (PGP) es una enfermedad inflamatoria de la piel con evolución a úlcera dolorosa, muy poco frecuente, que rara vez se asocia con el carcinoma colorrectal.Su diagnóstico es diferencial puesto que puede confundirse con una infección de la piel, absceso, dermatitis de contacto, irritación periestomal o la extensión cutánea periestomal de una enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII).Se presentan tres casos de pacientes intervenidos por carcinoma colorrectal con estoma intestinal, que desarrollaron PGP.Se elaboró un plan de cuidados y curas locales, empleando las taxonomías de la North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), la clasificación de resultados de enfermería (NOC) y la clasificación de las intervenciones enfermeras (NIC).Los cuidados del estoma y la adecuación de dispositivos colectores se realizaron con suero fisiológico, pasta, polvos de ostomía y bolsa de dos piezas.Para el tratamiento local básico se utilizó suero fisiológico o la solución de lavado para la limpieza de herida, eosina acuosa (2%), alginato en fase exudativa y pomada con colagenasa en presencia de necrosis esfacelos.El tratamiento local específico (clobetasol propionato, tacrólimus o infiltración de triamcinolona acetónido) y sistémico (corticoterapia) se efectuó de forma secuencial tras el diagnóstico de PGP en función de la respuesta clínica a cada terapia.El primer caso se resolvió a los seis meses con buena respuesta a la infiltración local de triamcinolona. El segundo se recuperó a los 10 meses tras infiltración local con triamcinolona y prednisolona oral. El tercero no tuvo respuesta a los tratamientos locales ni a la corticoterapia sistémica, curándose después de la exéresis tumoral y metastásica con reubicación del estoma a los nueve meses.(AU)
Peristomal gangrenous pyoderma is an inflammatory skin disease with progression to painful ulcer, rare, and rarely associated with colorectal carcinoma.Its diagnosis is differential since it can be confused with skin infection, abscess, contact dermatitis, peristomal irritation or peristomal skin extension of an inflammatory bowel disease.We present three cases of patients operated for colorectal carcinoma with an intestinal stoma, who developed peristomal gangrenous pyoderma.A plan of local care and dressings was developed using the NANDA, NOC and NIC taxonomies.Stoma care and fitting of collecting devices were performed with saline solution, paste, ostomy powders and a two-piece bag.For the basic local treatment, physiological serum or washing solution was used for wound cleaning, aqueous eosin (2%), alginate in the exudative phase, and collagenase ointment in the presence of slough/necrosis.Specific local treatment (clobetasol propionate, tacrolimus, or triamcinolone acetonide infiltration) and systemic treatment (corticosteroid therapy) was given sequentially after the diagnosis of peristomal gangrenous pyoderma depending on the clinical response to each treatment.Case 1 resolved at six months with a good response to local triamcinolone infiltration. Case 2 resolved at 10 months after local infiltration with triamcinolone and oral prednisolone. Case 3 had no response to local treatments or systemic corticosteroid therapy, healing after tumour and metastatic excision with relocation of the stoma at nine months.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Inpatients , Physical Examination , Pyoderma Gangrenosum , Skin Diseases , Ulcer , Nursing Care , Colorectal NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Peristomal gangrenous pyoderma is an inflammatory skin disease with progression to painful ulcer, rare, and rarely associated with colorectal carcinoma. Its diagnosis is differential since it can be confused with skin infection, abscess, contact dermatitis, peristomal irritation or peristomal skin extension of an inflammatory bowel disease. We present three cases of patients operated for colorectal carcinoma with an intestinal stoma, who developed peristomal gangrenous pyoderma. A plan of local care and dressings was developed using the NANDA, NOC and NIC taxonomies. Stoma care and fitting of collecting devices were performed with saline solution, paste, ostomy powders and a two-piece bag. For the basic local treatment, physiological serum or washing solution was used for wound cleaning, aqueous eosin (2%), alginate in the exudative phase, and collagenase ointment in the presence of slough/necrosis. Specific local treatment (clobetasol propionate, tacrolimus, or triamcinolone acetonide infiltration) and systemic treatment (corticosteroid therapy) was given sequentially after the diagnosis of peristomal gangrenous pyoderma depending on the clinical response to each treatment. Case 1 resolved at six months with a good response to local triamcinolone infiltration. Case 2 resolved at 10 months after local infiltration with triamcinolone and oral prednisolone. Case 3 had no response to local treatments or systemic corticosteroid therapy, healing after tumour and metastatic excision with relocation of the stoma at nine months.
Subject(s)
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , Pyoderma Gangrenosum , Surgical Stomas , Humans , Pyoderma Gangrenosum/drug therapy , Surgical Stomas/adverse effects , Tacrolimus , Wound HealingABSTRACT
Los pacientes con crisis hipecalcémica suelen estabilizarse con tratamiento médico y rara vez precisan tratamiento quirúrgico urgente. Se presenta el caso de una mujer con clínica inespecífica de dolor abdominal, diagnosticada tardíamente de crisis hipercalcémica por hiperparatiroidismo primario. El tratamiento médico y la diálisis peritoneal no fueron efectivos, por lo que precisó paratiroidectomía urgente con determinación intraoperatoria de hormona paratiroidea. La localización preoperatoria del adenoma fue concordante para gammagrafía y ecografía. La crisis hipercalcémica por hiperparatiroidismo primario sin respuesta al tratamiento médico precisa paratiroidectomía urgente. El diagnóstico de localización preoperatorio y la hormona paratiroidea intraoperatoria son indispensables para un tratamiento quirúrgico curativo.Patients with hypecalcemic crisis usually stabilize with medical treatment and rarely require urgent surgical treatment. Woman with a nonspecific clinic of abdominal pain, diagnosed late of hypercalcemic crisis due to primary hyperparathyroidism. Medical treatment and peritoneal dialysis were not effective, requiring urgent parathyroidectomy with determination of intraoperative parathormone. The preoperative location of the adenoma was concordant for scintigraphy and ultrasound. Hypercalcemic crisis due to primary hyperparathyroidism without response to medical treatment requires urgent parathyroidectomy. Preoperative adenoma location and intraoperative parathormone are essential for curative surgical treatment.
Subject(s)
Hyperparathyroidism, Primary , Female , Humans , Hyperparathyroidism, Primary/complications , Hyperparathyroidism, Primary/therapy , Parathyroid Hormone , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Adenolymphoma/pathology , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Biopsy, Fine-NeedleABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Colonic Neoplasms/complications , Skin/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/complications , Pyoderma Gangrenosum/diagnosis , Pyoderma Gangrenosum/drug therapy , Disease Progression , Ileostomy/methods , Colonic Neoplasms/surgery , Pyoderma Gangrenosum/therapy , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/complications , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Rectal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Postoperative Complications/therapy , Biopsy , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Cyclosporine/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Objetivo: La cirugía mayor ambulatoria (CMA) y con estancia inferior a 24 horas (overnight stay) se ha consolidado en muchas patologías aunque en cirugía tiroidea y paratiroidea resulta controvertido. El objetivo es valorar nuestros resultados en cirugía del tiroides y paratiroides en régimen de CMA durante un periodo de 6 años. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional prospectivo de pacientes con indicación de hemitiroidectomía o paratiroidectomía enfocada en régimen CMA entre enero de 2011 y diciembre de 2016. Los pacientes cumplían criterios de CMA. En los primeros años se excluyeron los nodulos tiroideos mayores de 3 cm y los pacientes ASA III. Los pacientes ingresaron la mañana de la intervención, tras el acto quirúrgico pasaron a la Unidad de Recuperación Posquirúrgica y posteriormente a sala de hospitalización. Tras 8 h, si cumplían criterios, fueron dados de alta. Resultados: Se intervinieron 270 pacientes, la tasa de aplicabilidad global fue del 59%, la tasa de aceptabilidad global del 83,6% y el índice de sustitución del 49,2%. El índice de ingresos no deseados fue del 10,4% para la paratiroidectomía y del 17,6% en la cirugía del tiroides. Ningún paciente presentó complicaciones mayores en su domicilio. El grado de satisfacción fue alto o muy alto en el 94% de los pacientes. Conclusiones: La paratiroidectomía enfocada y la hemitiroidectomía realizada por cirujanos expertos en pacientes seleccionados, es segura y efectiva en régimen ambulatorio. Es posible mejorar el índice de sustitución ambulatorio aumentando la tasa de aplicabilidad y aceptabilidad.
Objetive: Ambulatory or overnight stay surgery have been consolidated in many different procedures. However, its use in thyroid and parathyroid surgery is still controversial. The aim of this report is to present the results of 6 years of ambulatory patients undergoing surgery of the thyroid or parathyroid glands. Material and Methods: Prospective observational study of patients who underwent hemithyroidectomy or selective parathyroidectomy in the ambulatory program from January 2011 to December 2016. All patients included met the general criteria of ambulatory surgery. During the first years nodules bigger than 3 cm and patients classified as ASA III were excluded. Patients arrive at hospital the morning of surgery. After the operation, patients pass to the post-anesthesia care unit and then to the hospitalization room. 8 hours after surgery patients are discharged home if they meet the criteria. Results: 270 patients were operated, 159 of them met the inclusion criteria. The overall applicability rate was 59%. The acceptance rate was 83.6% and the substitution index was 49.2%. The unwanted hospital admission was 10.4% for the parathyroidectomy and 17.6% for the hemithyroidectomy. Any patient presented major complications at home. The satisfaction rate was high or very high for 94% of the patients. Conclusion: Selective parathyroidectomy and hemithyroidectomy performed by experienced surgeons in selected patients can be safely and effectively carried out in ambulatory surgery (outpatient). It would be possible to improve the substitution index by increasing the application and acceptability ratios.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Thyroidectomy/methods , Parathyroidectomy/methods , Hyperparathyroidism, Primary/surgery , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Goiter, Nodular/surgery , Parathyroid Glands/surgery , Thyroid Gland/surgery , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Patient SatisfactionABSTRACT
Los linfangiomas son tumores benignos raros del sistema linfático, más comunes en la población pediátrica. La localización intraabdominal es muy infrecuente: tan solo el 1% de los linfangiomas aparece en el retroperitoneo. Se describe una tumoración quística infrecuente tanto por su localización como por la edad de presentación. Los linfangiomas retroperitoneales son tumores raros y su etiopatogenia es incierta. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante estudios de imagen; las técnicas de elección son la ultrasonografía (USG), la resonancia magnética (RM) o la tomografía computarizada (TC). A pesar de que se trata de tumores de naturaleza benigna, la exéresis quirúrgica completa es el tratamiento de elección para prevenir complicaciones como la sobreinfección, la rotura o el sangrado. Nuestro caso resulta infrecuente tanto por la localización retroperitoneal del tumor como por la tardía edad de presentación.
Background: lymphangiomas are rare benign tumors of the lymphatic system, being more common in the pediatric population. Intra-abdominal localization is very rare; only 1 % of lymphangiomas appear in the retroperitoneum. We report a case of a rare tumor because of its location and the elderly age of presentation. Retroperitoneal lymphangioma is a rare tumor with an unertain pathogenesis. Diagnosis is usually confirmed by imaging studies , e.g., US, MRI or CT. Although they are benign tumors, complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice. With this treatment, complications like infection, perforation or bleeding are prevented. Our case is unusual because of the retroperitoneal location of the tumor and the late age of presentation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Lymphangioma, Cystic/diagnostic imaging , Laparotomy , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Abdominal Pain/complications , Abdomen/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/complications , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Ultrasonography, Mammary , Lymph Node Excision/methods , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/therapy , Positron-Emission Tomography/methodsABSTRACT
El proceso diagnóstico de las lesiones inflamatorias mamarias incluye la descripción de su patrón histopatológico. El objetivo del trabajo es identificar los patrones inflamatorios mamarios. Se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura científica. Los patrones identificados son mastitis aguda con galactoforitis infecciosa inespecífica, galactoforitis crónica supurativa recidivante con mastitis periductal y de células plasmáticas, mastitis eosinofílica, lobulillitis linfocítica, mastitis granulomatosas, vasculitis mamaria, pseudotumores inflamatorios y necrosis grasa. Estos patrones y sus subtipos se han diferenciado analizando su composición, localización, mecanismo de producción y diagnóstico diferencial. En las biopsias de las inflamaciones mamarias se pueden identificar patrones histológicos inflamatorios desde los que se definen subtipos de mastitis. Para realizar el diagnóstico debe realizarse un completo estudio histopatológico y microbiológico de la biopsia de una mastitis y completar el diagnóstico con una adecuada correlación clinicopatológica (AU)
The diagnosis of chronic inflammatory breast disease includes the description of the histological pattern and location. The objective of this revision of the literature is to identify breast inflammatory patterns which are: acute mastitis with nonspecific infectious galactoforitis, chronic suppurative galactoforitis with periductal and plasma cell mastitis, eosinophilic mastitis, lymphocytic lobulillitis, granulomatous mastitis, breast vasculitis, inflammatory pseudotumour and fat necrosis. The composition, location, production mechanism and differential diagnosis of all types and subtypes are analyzed. Several inflammatory histological patterns with subtypes can be identified in biopsies of mastitis. A correct diagnosis requires a comprehensive histopathological and microbiological study in correlation with adequate clinicopathological data (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Mastitis/diagnosis , Mastitis/pathology , Vasculitis/diagnosis , Vasculitis/pathology , Granulomatous Mastitis/pathology , Biopsy/methods , Fibrocystic Breast Disease/pathology , Breast/anatomy & histology , Breast/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Pneumonia/etiology , Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Eccrine spiradenomas are rare adnexal tumours of the skin that originate in the sweat glands. There are only three cases, including ours, diagnosed as malignant transformation in the breast. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We present a case of an asymptomatic 48 year old woman in whom the lesion was detected on the basis of breast cancer prevention programme. The metastatic study detection and the sentinel lymph node biopsy were negative so wide excision of the mass was performed with no further treatment. After 32 months of follow-up, there is no evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease in our patient. DISCUSSION: The lesions usually show a typical history of a long-standing unchanged cutaneous solitary nodule that becomes enlarged. The imaging findings of breast eccrine spiradenomas have not been clearly demonstrated. Diagnosis is based in histopathological findings of malignant focus. A large list of uncommon dermatological skin malignancies and breast benign lesions can mimic malignant eccrine spiradenomas (MES); therefore, determination of inmunophenotype allows narrowing differential diagnosis. Distant metastases portend an ominous prognosis. The mainstay of treatment is surgical removal with wide excision margins. Radiation and hyperthermic chemotherapy can also be administered to prevent focal recurrence. Due to the high risk of developing metastases, close follow up of these patients for early detection of recurrence should be carried out. CONCLUSION: Eccrine spiradenomas are rare adnexal tumours of the skin. Intraparenquimatous breast location is especially infrequent. Diagnosis is based on histopathological examination. MES metastasizes (40%), so a close follow up is recommended.
ABSTRACT
Medical language contains many faults. One of them is the use of cultured and elegant words without knowing its proper significance. A second error is the recourse to using foreign words or phrases (foreignisms), particularly Anglicisms, both in their original spelling (raw foreignisms) and Hispanicised (adapted word); an overlapping mode of foreignism are so-called "calques" or loan translations. Thirdly, there is the use of words that do not exist in Spanish, palabros. Finally, the words are not correctly pronounced. In this article some examples of these errors are demonstrated and it is directed towards the appropriate use of language.
Subject(s)
Terminology as Topic , Language , SemanticsABSTRACT
El lenguaje médico adolece de numerosos vicios. Uno de ellos es el uso de voces cultas o elegantes sin conocer su correcto significado. Un segundo error es el recurso a extranjerismos, sobre todo anglicismos, tanto en su grafía original (extranjerismo crudo) como castellanizada (voz adaptada); un modo solapado de extranjerismo lo constituyen los llamados calcos. En tercer lugar está el uso de vocablos inexistentes en castellano, los palabros. Finalmente, no siempre se acentúa correctamente las palabras. En el presente trabajo se muestra algunos ejemplos de dichos errores, y se orienta sobre el uso adecuado del lenguaje (AU)
Medical language contains many faults. One of them is the use of cultured and elegant words without knowing its proper significance. A second error is the recourse to using foreign words or phrases (foreignisms), particularly Anglicisms, both in their original spelling (raw foreignisms) and Hispanicised (adapted word); an overlapping mode of foreignism are so-called calques or loan translations. Thirdly, there is the use of words that do not exist in Spanish, palabros. Finally, the words are not correctly pronounced. In this article some examples of these errors are demonstrated and it is directed towards the appropriate use of language (AU)
