Scoping review on Physical Health Conditions in Irish Travellers (Mincéiri).

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this scoping review was to collate physical health conditions in Mincéiri-Irish Travellers. DESIGN: Scoping review. SEARCH STRATEGY AND CHARTING METHOD: MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, PEDro, AMED, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SCOPUS as well as reports and grey literature were searched for primary data reporting physical health conditions of Irish Travellers up to 4 April 2023. Data was extracted, described and organised meaningfully into tables according to reported physical health conditions. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: The population was Travellers. The concept referred to physical health conditions. The context was Irish Travellers based in any location or setting. Exclusion criteria was data/research other than primary data relating to physical health conditions of Irish Travellers. RESULTS: From 198 citations generated from the database search, 11 unique studies (20 reports) were included in this scoping review, including n=7397 participants. Driven by the data, physical health conditions were categorised into cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, injuries/musculoskeletal/arthritic disorders, genetic disorders and gut/bowel conditions. This review showed that the metabolic syndrome, asthma, bronchitis, tuberculosis and intentional injuries were 2-3 times more prevalent in Irish Travellers compared with the background population. Genetic conditions were also described in a proportion of Travellers. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, Irish Travellers experience a disproportionate burden of physical health conditions compared with background populations. Healthcare providers need to be aware of the unique physical health burden experienced by many Irish Travellers. Multifaceted strategies are needed to improve the health profile of this vulnerable and marginalised group.

A community-health partnership response to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Travellers and Roma in Ireland.

Irish Travellers and Roma are two ethnic minorities experiencing high levels of health inequities. These communities are at greater risk of developing COVID-19 and of suffering more severe symptoms due to poor living environments and higher rates of comorbidities. This study explores the strategies adopted by community-health partnerships and NGOs to minimise the potential widening of Travellers' and Roma's health inequities during the initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ireland. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed to provide a detailed account of three different community and partnership-led responses. Data were gathered from multiple sources and through first-hand participation in the COVID-19 responses. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. This study found that the main pandemic mitigation interventions implemented were public health measures, culturally sensitive communications, lobbying for policy change and economic and social support. These interventions, supported by the health promotion strategies of partnership, advocacy and empowerment, have proven to be extremely important to reduce potential inequities in exposure to the virus and in access to healthcare. The findings suggest that community-health partnerships between minority groups' organizations and healthcare professionals represent a viable approach to mitigate the disproportionate effects of a pandemic on Travellers and Roma.

A qualitative study of the perceptions of mental health among the Traveller community in Ireland.

Irish Travellers are a minority ethnic group who experience a high prevalence of mental health problems and a rate of suicide six times higher compared to the general Irish population. This study explores Travellers' perceptions of mental health and its determinants. It also identifies the most relevant factors for promoting positive mental health and wellbeing among this socially excluded group. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed to explore participants' perceptions of mental health and mental health needs. Four focus groups were conducted with a total of 25 adult members of the Travelling community. Inductive thematic analysis was undertaken to identify and interpret the main themes emerging from the participants' responses. Travellers conceptualize mental health mostly in negative terms and showed a lack of awareness of the concept of positive mental health. Travellers showed a strong awareness of the social determinants of mental health identifying employment, better education, suitable accommodation, a reduction of discrimination and improved trust and social cohesion as important determinants that need to be addressed to improve their mental health status. The centrality of cultural identity and social-emotional skills emerged as key factors in promoting positive mental health among Travellers. The findings suggest that Travellers' mental health is multidimensional and requires a socio-ecological approach that addresses the wider determinants of health. Community mental health promotion initiatives should focus on reducing discrimination, enhancing social and emotional wellbeing and self-esteem, improvement of living conditions, reduced mental health stigma, and the promotion of Traveller culture and positive self-identity.