ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a soft tissue malignant tumor of mesenchymal cell origin, which usually shows variable differentiation of muscle cells. It is the most common solid sarcoma in children. The most usual site of occurrence are the head and neck regions. RMS presents a variety of histologic features, and so differential diagnosis with other small round cell tumors is needed. Hence, it has been very useful to the field to undertake additional immunohistochemical studies to determine the diagnosis and, on occasions, to assign subtype tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic review of three databases (Medline, Biological Science Collection and Health & Medical Collection) was carried out with the purpose of analyzing rhabdomyosarcoma cases reported in the literature, specifically with localization in the head and neck regions in children. This strategy allowed us to identify the main anatomical site of appearance, the subtype of RMS, average age, histologic characteristics and immunohistochemistry markers used in a usual and any additional way. RESULTS: According to the selection criteria in this systematic review, twelve articles, and fourteen cases were identified that highlight that the histological diagnosis usually presents cellular heterogeneity. Therefore, immunohistochemistry is needed to confirm the diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Histologic characterization is not always sufficient for a conclusive diagnosis of RMS. Therefore, immunohistochemistry is helpful to determine the subtype and consequently, sometimes the behavior, treatment and prognosis. Additional markers may vary according to the institution and the need of particular cases.
Subject(s)
Rhabdomyosarcoma , Child , Humans , Rhabdomyosarcoma/diagnosis , Immunohistochemistry , Prognosis , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
El cáncer en cavidad bucal y de la región de cabeza y cuello se presenta con mayor frecuencia entre la quinta y sexta década de la vida generalmente atribuido al uso indiscriminado de substancias como el alcohol y el tabaco por un periodo de tiempo considerable. Sin embargo estudios recientes demuestran un incremento en la incidencia en pacientes jóvenes que nunca estuvieron expuestos a estos y a otros factores como riesgo ocupacional, predisposición genética, dieta. Se presenta 4 casos de carcinomas en cavidad bucal y revisión de la literatura.
Oral cavity cancer and head and neck region occurs most often between the fifth and sixth decade of life and is generally attributed to the indiscriminate use of substances such as alcohol and snuff for a period of time. However, recent studies show an increased incidence in younger patients who have never been exposed to these and other risk factors such as occupational factors, genetic predisposition, diet. Four cases of oral carcinoma are presented as well as a literature review.
