ABSTRACT
La terapia antiretroviral (TARV) de alta actividad cambió la epidemiología de la neumonía por Pneumocystis jiroveci (NPj) en pacientes con SIDA. La incidencia global ha descendido y ahora prevalece en pacientes sin TARV o con fracaso de ésta. Además, la restauración inmune por TARV genera una forma de NPj incluida en los síndromes inflamatorios por restauración inmune (SIRI). A fines del 2004, 75,5% de pacientes con infección por VIH en control en el Hospital de Enfermedades Infecciosas Dr. Lucio Córdova tenían TARV. Esta serie describe las características clínicas de la NPj, comparando el grupo con TARV (n: 6) y sin TARV (n: 12). De aquellos con TARV, 83,3% (5/6) estaban con fracaso inmunológico y 16,7% (1/6) en éxito virológico. El recuento de CD4 fue bajo en ambos grupos (mediana 20 céls/mm3 sin TARV y 51 céls/mm3 con TARV). No hubo diferencia en la mayoría de las características de la NPj, tampoco casos de SIRI. El grupo con TARV tuvo menos severidad y complicaciones, y menos indicación de corticoterapia (p 0,023).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , HIV Infections/microbiology , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/drug therapy , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections , Anti-HIV Agents , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/immunologyABSTRACT
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has changed the epidemiology of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) in AIDS patients. Global incidence of PCP has decreased and now it is prevalent in AIDS patients who do not receive HAART or are unsuccessfully treated with persistent immune depression. Moreover, the immunologic response to HAART has caused a PCP form which is included in the immune restoration inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). As of late 2004, 75.5% of patients cared for at Dr. Lucio Córdova Infectious Diseases Hospital were receiving HAART. This study compares PCP clinical characteristics in patients under the effect of HAART (n: 6) with those without antiretroviral therapy (n: 12). Among those with HAART, 83.3% (5/6) were without immunologic responses and 16.7% with virologic response. The median CD4 counts were low in both groups: 20 cells/mm(3) without HAART and 51 cells/mm(3) with HAART. There were no differences in most of PCP characteristics, and no IRIS cases were observed. HAART-receiving group had less severe disease and lower frequency of both, complications and steroidal therapy prescription (P 0.023).
