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1.
Rev Neurol ; 78(11): 317-322, 2024 Jun 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38813789

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Depression is one of the most prevalent psychiatric conditions in adulthood, reaching figures of around 20%. The methodologies used to study depression are varied, and range from a self-administered test to structured psychiatric assessment. Several studies of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have been conducted in the last 20 years, and figures of around 35% have been found for depressive symptoms, while depressive disorders are less frequent, at approximately 21%. AIMS: The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of patient self-reported scales such as the Beck depression inventory (BDI) for identifying depressive symptoms in patients with MS, and to analyse their correlation with the diagnosis of clinical depression or depressive disorder using the psychiatric clinical interview based on the criteria of the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a multicentre descriptive cross-sectional study of patients with MS and depressive symptoms. The BDI and the Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) were used, and the patients with the highest scores underwent psychiatric assessment. RESULTS: A total of 191 patients were included; 81 of these (40.5%) had depressive symptomatology in the pathological range according to the BDI (cut-off point of 14), and 20 had a severe score (above 28). Nineteen patients with severe depressive symptoms according to both scales were selected and finally evaluated by a psychiatrist, who also assessed five patients who according to the neurologist had severe depressive symptoms despite a BDI score of almost 28, but did not reach that level. The suspected major depressive disorder was confirmed in only four (21%) cases with BDI scores indicative of severe symptoms. There is no correlation between the severity score as evidenced by the BDI and the psychiatric assessment. A major depressive disorder was diagnosed in 16 (66.6%) of the 24 patients with BDI > 26 evaluated by psychiatry. A score above 26 on the BDI enables identification of 75% of cases of depressive disorder without subtyping. The correlation between the HDRS and the BDI was statistically significant (r = 0.8; p < 0). CONCLUSIONS: The BDI is a useful screening test for identifying patients with depressive symptoms; in specific terms, a score above 26 is probably indicative of a depressive disorder that may benefit from psychiatric assessment.


TITLE: Utilidad de la escala de depresión de Beck para el diagnóstico de los trastornos depresivos en la esclerosis múltiple.Introducción. La depresión es una de las condiciones psiquiátricas con mayor prevalencia en la edad adulta y alcanza cifras alrededor del 20%. Las metodologías para el estudio de la depresión son varias y van del uso de un test autoadministrado a la valoración psiquiátrica estructurada. En los últimos 20 años se han realizado varios estudios en los pacientes con esclerosis múltiple (EM), y se han objetivado cifras alrededor del 35% para los síntomas depresivos, mientras que los trastornos depresivos son menos frecuentes, aproximadamente el 21%. Objetivos. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la utilidad de una escala autoinformada por el paciente, como la escala de depresión de Beck (BDI), para la detección de síntomas depresivos en pacientes con EM, y analizar su correlación con el diagnóstico de depresión clínica o trastorno depresivo realizado a través de la entrevista clínica psiquiátrica basada en los criterios del Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales, quinta edición. Pacientes y métodos. Es un estudio descriptivo transversal multicéntrico de pacientes con EM y síntomas depresivos. Se emplearon la BDI y la escala de valoración de la depresión de Hamilton (HDRS), y los pacientes con puntuaciones más altas se sometieron a una valoración psiquiátrica. Resultados. Se incluyó a 191 pacientes; de ellos, 81 (40,5%) presentaron sintomatología depresiva en el rango patológico de acuerdo con la BDI (punto de corte en 14), y 20, puntuación grave (superior a 28). Se ha seleccionado a 19 pacientes con síntomas depresivos graves según ambas escalas que finalmente han sido evaluados por un psiquiatra, que además ha valorado a cinco pacientes que según el neurólogo presentaban síntomas depresivos graves a pesar de una puntuación en la BDI cercana, pero inferior, a 28. Sólo en cuatro (21%) casos con puntuación indicativa de síntomas graves en la BDI se ha confirmado la sospecha de trastorno depresivo mayor grave. No hay correlación entre la puntuación de gravedad evidenciada por la BDI y la valoración psiquiátrica. Se ha formulado el diagnóstico de trastorno depresivo mayor en 16 (66,6%) de los 24 pacientes con BDI menor que 26 evaluados por psiquiatría. Una puntuación superior a 26 en la BDI permite identificar el 75% de los casos de trastorno depresivo sin subtipificar. La correlación entre la HDRS y la BDI fue estadísticamente significativa (r = 0,8; p menor que 0). Conclusiones. La BDI es un test de cribado útil para identificar a pacientes con síntomas depresivos; en particular, una puntuación superior a 26 es indicativa con buena probabilidad de un trastorno depresivo que se podría beneficiar de una valoración psiquiátrica.


Subject(s)
Depressive Disorder , Multiple Sclerosis , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Humans , Female , Male , Multiple Sclerosis/psychology , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Adult , Middle Aged , Depressive Disorder/diagnosis , Depressive Disorder/etiology
2.
Rev Neurol ; 76(10): 337-339, 2023 05 16.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37165530

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Wells syndrome, also known as eosinophilic cellulitis, is a rare dermatosis with approximately 200 cases previously described in the literature. Here, we present a case of a patient with multiple sclerosis with Wells syndrome induced by dimethyl fumarate (DMF). CASE REPORT: A 41-year-old Caucasian woman was treated with DMF in July 2021. One week later, she experienced itching on her upper and lower right arm, followed by the appearance of erythematous plaques covered with vesicles. The complete blood count showed an increased eosinophil count of up to 2,000 µL. The histological images demonstrated dermal eosinophil infiltration concordant with Wells syndrome. The clinical course was benign, with complete resolution of the lesions and normalization of the eosinophil count within four weeks. Administration of corticosteroids was not necessary. CONCLUSIONS: Eosinophilia is rare in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with DMF and usually does not require dosage adjustments. Although clinical manifestations of eosinophilia in these patients are very rare, it is important for practitioners to recognize the symptoms. Many neuroleptic drugs can induce eosinophilia and systemic symptoms; therefore, physicians must be aware of the risks associated with DMF and neuroleptic drugs, particularly for quetiapine, which contains fumarate.


TITLE: Síndrome de Wells secundario a dimetilfumarato. A propósito de un caso clínico.Introducción. El síndrome de Wells, también conocido como celulitis eosinofílica, es una rara dermatosis con aproximadamente 200 casos descritos en la bibliografía. Aquí presentamos un caso clínico de un paciente con esclerosis múltiple y síndrome de Wells secundario a dimetilfumarato (DMF). Caso clínico. Mujer de 41 años que en julio de 2021 inició el tratamiento con DMF. Una semana más tarde, comenzó con prurito en las extremidades derechas, seguido por la aparición de zonas eritematosas con vesículas. El hemograma mostró elevación del recuento de los eosinófilos hasta 2.000 µL. El estudio anatomopatológico evidenció un infiltrado eosinófilo a nivel de la dermis compatible con síndrome de Wells. La evolución clínica fue favorable, con resolución de las lesiones y normalización de la eosinofilia aproximadamente en cuatro semanas. No fue necesario administrar corticoesteroides. Conclusiones. La eosinofilia es rara en los pacientes con EM tratados con DMF y generalmente no precisa ajuste de dosis. A pesar de que las manifestaciones clínicas de la eosinofilia en estos pacientes sean raras, es importante que el médico reconozca los síntomas. Numerosos neurolépticos pueden causar eosinofilia y síntomas sistémicos; por lo tanto, los facultativos deben conocer los riesgos de la asociación entre DMF y neurolépticos, en particular por la quetiapina, que contiene fumarato.


Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents , Eosinophilia , Multiple Sclerosis , Humans , Female , Adult , Dimethyl Fumarate/adverse effects , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Eosinophilia/chemically induced , Eosinophilia/complications , Eosinophilia/diagnosis , Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy , Multiple Sclerosis/complications
3.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 76(10): 337-339, May 16, 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-220500

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El síndrome de Wells, también conocido como celulitis eosinofílica, es una rara dermatosis con aproximadamente 200 casos descritos en la bibliografía. Aquí presentamos un caso clínico de un paciente con esclerosis múltiple y síndrome de Wells secundario a dimetilfumarato (DMF). Caso clínico: Mujer de 41 años que en julio de 2021 inició el tratamiento con DMF. Una semana más tarde, comenzó con prurito en las extremidades derechas, seguido por la aparición de zonas eritematosas con vesículas. El hemograma mostró elevación del recuento de los eosinófilos hasta 2.000 µL. El estudio anatomopatológico evidenció un infiltrado eosinófilo a nivel de la dermis compatible con síndrome de Wells. La evolución clínica fue favorable, con resolución de las lesiones y normalización de la eosinofilia aproximadamente en cuatro semanas. No fue necesario administrar corticoesteroides. Conclusiones: La eosinofilia es rara en los pacientes con EM tratados con DMF y generalmente no precisa ajuste de dosis. A pesar de que las manifestaciones clínicas de la eosinofilia en estos pacientes sean raras, es importante que el médico reconozca los síntomas. Numerosos neurolépticos pueden causar eosinofilia y síntomas sistémicos; por lo tanto, los facultativos deben conocer los riesgos de la asociación entre DMF y neurolépticos, en particular por la quetiapina, que contiene fumarato.(AU)


Introduction: Wells syndrome, also known as eosinophilic cellulitis, is a rare dermatosis with approximately 200 cases previously described in the literature. Here, we present a case of a patient with multiple sclerosis with Wells syndrome induced by dimethyl fumarate (DMF). Case report: A 41-year-old Caucasian woman was treated with DMF in July 2021. One week later, she experienced itching on her upper and lower right arm, followed by the appearance of erythematous plaques covered with vesicles. The complete blood count showed an increased eosinophil count of up to 2,000 µL. The histological images demonstrated dermal eosinophil infiltration concordant with Wells syndrome. The clinical course was benign, with complete resolution of the lesions and normalization of the eosinophil count within four weeks. Administration of corticosteroids was not necessary. Conclusions: Eosinophilia is rare in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with DMF and usually does not require dosage adjustments. Although clinical manifestations of eosinophilia in these patients are very rare, it is important for practitioners to recognize the symptoms. Many neuroleptic drugs can induce eosinophilia and systemic symptoms; therefore, physicians must be aware of the risks associated with DMF and neuroleptic drugs, particularly for quetiapine, which contains fumarate.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Inpatients , Physical Examination , Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes , Dimethyl Fumarate , Quetiapine Fumarate , Multiple Sclerosis , Neurology
4.
Acta Neurol Scand ; 138(5): 388-393, 2018 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29963693

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: we aimed to evaluate the utility of transorbital ultrasonography (TOS) in optic nerve assessment and quantification of ON atrophy in MS patients, and to determine whether ON atrophy correlates with the disease duration and disability measured on the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective, multicentre, blinded cohort study of 59 patients diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS and 36 controls. RESULTS: When measured with TOS, the diameter of both the right (2.69 ± 0.30 mm in cases; 3.20 ± 0.19 mm in controls, P < .0001) and left (2.71 ± 0.26 mm in cases; 3.24 ± 0.15 mm controls, P < .0001) ON of study patients was smaller than controls. We observed a negative correlation between EDSS and both right (ρ = .524) and left (ρ = .469) ON diameter. We also observed a negative correlation between disease duration and both right (r = .602) and left (r = .538) ON diameter. No difference was observed in the diameter of both ON among patients with a history of optic neuritis (right OND 2.68 ± 0.29 mm; left OND 2.69 ± 0.25 mm) and patients with no history of optic neuritis (right OND 2.70 ± 0.30 mm; left OND 2.73 ± 0.27 mm) (P = .805; P = .651). CONCLUSIONS: The thickness of ON measured with TOS is correlated with EDSS and the duration of the disease without being interfered by the previous history of optic neuritis. TOS could be a reliable technique for measuring ON atrophy in MS.


Subject(s)
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/diagnostic imaging , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/pathology , Optic Nerve/diagnostic imaging , Optic Nerve/pathology , Ultrasonography/methods , Adult , Atrophy/diagnostic imaging , Atrophy/pathology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies
7.
Rev Neurol ; 42(2): 68-72, 2006.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16450319

ABSTRACT

AIM: To examine the use of extra-hospital emergency systems in the urgent care of stroke patients in our region and their influence on the time required to reach hospital, the time needed to perform an urgent computerised axial tomography (CAT) scan and the delay in receiving attention from the specialist. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Samples were collected from 232 stroke patients out of the total number admitted to our hospitals. Data about the stroke were collected prospectively, and included the arrival time, the time required to perform the CAT scan and the time the specialist devoted to attending the patient. Data were also gathered about the different extra-hospital transport and emergency systems. A statistical analysis was performed to determine the effect of using the extra-hospital emergency procedures on the different variables. RESULTS: A total of 53.6% of patients arrived within the first three hours. 38.7% went straight to hospital, 25% visited extra-hospital Emergency Services first, and 18.5% made a prior visit to Primary Care. 51.5% found their own way to the hospital and 46.7% arrived by ambulance. Mean time taken to perform an urgent CAT scan: 190.4 minutes; mean time required for specialist attention: 25.65 hours. The only statistically significant relation was the use of extra-hospital emergency systems and health care transport according to the type of stroke: both were more likely to be used in cases of haemorrhagic stroke. CONCLUSIONS: In hospitals in the Murcia region, the use of the extra-hospital emergency system and the means of transport utilised do not affect the time stroke patients take to reach hospital or the time needed to perform an urgent CAT scan or the delay in receiving attention from a specialist; the aetiology of the stroke does, however, influence the use of such services.


Subject(s)
Emergency Medical Services , Emergency Service, Hospital , Stroke , Hospitalization , Humans , Patient Admission , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Stroke/diagnosis , Stroke/pathology , Stroke/physiopathology , Stroke/therapy , Time Factors , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Transportation of Patients , Treatment Outcome
8.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 42(2): 68-72, 16 ene., 2006. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-043914

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Utilización en nuestra región de los sistemas de urgencias extrahospitalarias en la atención urgente del ictus y su influencia en el tiempo de llegada al hospital, el de realización de la tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) urgente y demora de la atención por el especialista. Pacientes y métodos. Se recogieron muestras de 232 pacientes con ictus del total de los ingresados en nuestros hospitales. Prospectivamente se recogieron datos sobre el ictus, con inclusión de los tiempos de llegada, tiempo de realización de la TAC y tiempo de atención por el especialista. Se recogió el uso delos distintos sistemas de urgencias y transporte extrahospitalarios. Estadísticamente se analizó la influencia del uso de los dispositivos de urgencia extrahospitalarios en las distintas variables recogidas. Resultados. 53,6% de los pacientes llegaron en las tres primeras horas. 38,7% acudieron directamente al hospital, el 25% acude primero al Servicio de Urgencias extrahospitalarias y 18,5% consulta previamente con Asistencia Primaria. El 51,5% llegaron por sus propios medios y el 46,7% en ambulancia. Tiempo medio de TAC urgente: 190,4 minutos; tiempo medio de atención por el especialista:25,65 horas. La única relación estadísticamente significativa fue el uso del sistema de urgencias extrahospitalarias y transporte sanitario según el tipo de ictus, con más tendencia a utilizarlos en los ictus hemorrágicos. Conclusiones. En los hospitales de Murcia, el uso del sistema de urgencias extrahospitalarias y el medio de transporte empleado no influyen en el tiempo de llegada del ictus al hospital, en el tiempo de realización de TAC urgente ni en la demora de atención por el especialista, y sí influye en la utilización de dichos servicios la etiología del ictus (AU)


Aim. To examine the use of extra-hospital emergency systems in the urgent care of stroke patients in our region and their influence on the time required to reach hospital, the time needed to perform an urgent computerised axial tomography(CAT) scan and the delay in receiving attention from the specialist. Patients and methods. Samples were collected from 232stroke patients out of the total number admitted to our hospitals. Data about the stroke were collected prospectively, and included the arrival time, the time required to perform the CAT scan and the time the specialist devoted to attending the patient. Data were also gathered about the different extra-hospital transport and emergency systems. A statistical analysis was performed to determine the effect of using the extra-hospital emergency procedures on the different variables. Results. A total of 53.6% of patients arrived within the first three hours. 38.7% went straight to hospital, 25% visited extra-hospital Emergency Services first, and 18.5% made a prior visit to Primary Care. 51.5% found their own way to the hospital and 46.7% arrived by ambulance. Mean time taken to perform an urgent CAT scan: 190.4 minutes; mean time required for specialist attention: 25.65hours. The only statistically significant relation was the use of extra-hospital emergency systems and health care transport according to the type of stroke: both were more likely to be used in cases of haemorrhagic stroke. Conclusions. In hospitals in the Murcia region, the use of the extra-hospital emergency system and the means of transport utilised do not affect the time stroke patients take to reach hospital or the time needed to perform an urgent CAT scan or the delay in receiving attention from a specialist; the aetiology of the stroke does, however, influence the use of such services (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Stroke/diagnosis , Stroke/pathology , Stroke/physiopathology , Stroke/therapy , Emergency Medical Services , Emergency Service, Hospital , Hospitalization , Patient Admission , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Time Factors , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Transportation of Patients , Treatment Outcome
9.
Rev Neurol ; 36(11): 1035-9, 2003.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12808499

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Foreign accent syndrome (FAS) is a little known disorder affecting language which has been described in a few cases after acute strokes or traumatic brain injuries, but until now has not been reported in multiple sclerosis (MS). It is characterised by the appearance of what is perceived to be a foreign accent in the language of the patient. Although it could be included within the dysprosodias that accompany motor aphasias, it should be considered as an entity in its own right, since it may appear without the accompanying aphasia. Aphasia is an infrequent manifestation of MS and even less so when it appears as an initial symptom of the disease. When it does occur it usually accompanies large demyelinating lesions in the dominant hemisphere, and it is usually of a motor type. CASE REPORT: Patient, aged 38 years, who presented FAS that accompanied mild non fluent aphasia as the first manifestation of MS with pseudotumoral lesions. Initially the clinical features were interpreted as a somatoform disorder, which delayed diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Like aphasia, FAS can occur in MS as a manifestation of a cortical language disorder. It is important to recognise this in order to prevent mistaken diagnoses.


Subject(s)
Language Disorders/etiology , Language Disorders/pathology , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Multiple Sclerosis/pathology , Adult , Cerebral Cortex , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Multiple Sclerosis/physiopathology , Syndrome
10.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 36(11): 1035-1039, 1 jun., 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-27650

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El síndrome del acento extranjero (SAE) es un cuadro poco conocido de afectación del lenguaje que se ha descrito en unos pocos casos tras ictus agudos o traumatismos craneoencefálicos, y del que hasta ahora no se había informado en relación con la esclerosis múltiple (EM). Se caracteriza por la aparición en el lenguaje de lo que se percibe como un acento extranjero; aunque podría englobarse dentro de la disprosodias que acompañan a las afasias motoras, debería considerarse una entidad propia, ya que puede aparecer sin afasia acompañante. La afasia es una manifestación poco común de la EM, y todavía menos común como síntoma inicial de la enfermedad. Cuando se presenta, suele acompañar a grandes lesiones desmielinizantes en el hemisferio dominante, y suele ser de tipo motor. Caso clínico. Paciente de 38 años, que presentó un SAE, que acompañaba a un cuadro leve de afasia no fluente, como primera manifestación de una EM con lesiones pseudotumorales. Inicialmente, se consideró el cuadro como un trastorno somatomorfo, lo que retrasó el diagnóstico. Conclusiones. Como la afasia, el SAE puede darse en la EM como manifestación de un trastorno cortical del lenguaje. Es importante su reconocimiento para evitar errores diagnósticos (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Male , Infant , Female , Humans , Syndrome , Thrombocytosis , Multiple Sclerosis , Recurrence , Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery , Cerebral Cortex , Language Disorders , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Brain Ischemia
11.
Rev Neurol ; 35(12): 1112-5, 2002.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12497294

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Oat (small) cell carcinoma is the type of tumour most frequently associated to neurologic paraneoplastic syndromes. It is usually located in the lungs although it has been described in some other locations. Cerebellar symptoms may appear alone, associated to anti Yo antibodies ( Breast and gynaecologic carcinomas), or as manifestation of a more generalized paraneoplastic encephalopathy, associated to signs and symptoms of some other neurologic systems affected. CASE REPORT: A 52 year old patient consulted due to a pancerebellar clinical picture, which started about two months before, and later associated to polineuropathy. Abdominal CT showed a 4 cm mass in the head of the pancreas. Pathologic evaluation demonstrated a poorly differentiated small cell pancreatic tumour. Anti Hu antibodies in high titres were found both in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. DISCUSSION: The association of anti Hu immunity and paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis has been observed in patients with neuroblastoma, seminomas, colorectal, breast and prostate carcinomas and some types of sarcoma. Only about 1% of pancreatic malignancies correspond to small cell type. We have not found any previous report about the association between a paraneoplastic syndrome and pancreatic poorly differentiated small cell carcinoma.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Small Cell/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration/pathology , Antibodies/blood , Carcinoma, Small Cell/complications , ELAV Proteins , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nerve Tissue Proteins/immunology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/complications , Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration/etiology , Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration/physiopathology , RNA-Binding Proteins/immunology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
12.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 35(12): 1112-1115, 16 dic., 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-22349

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El carcinoma de células pequeñas es el tumor que con más frecuencia produce cuadros paraneoplásicos neurológicos. Su localización más frecuente es la pulmonar, aunque se ha descrito en otras localizaciones. La afectación cerebelosa puede aparecer de forma pura, asociada a anticuerpos anti-Yo (carcinoma de mama y ginecológicos), o formando parte de una encefalopatía paraneoplásica , asociada a otros signos y síntomas de afectación del sistema nervioso. Caso clínico. Varón de 52 años, con un cuadro pancerebeloso de dos meses de evolución y posterior asociación de una polineuropatía. En la tomografía computarizada abdominal aparece una masa de 4 cm en la cabeza pancreática. El estudio anatomopatológico determina la presencia de un carcinoma indiferenciado de células pequeñas de origen pancreático. Se identifican anticuerpos anti-Hu en altos títulos en suero y en líquido cefalorraquídeo. Discusión. Se han descrito pacientes con inmunidad anti-Hu y encefalomielitis paraneoplásica asociada a neuroblastoma, seminomas, adenocarcinoma de colon, cáncer de mama, cáncer de próstata y sarcomas. Sólo el 1 por ciento de los tumores malignos de páncreas corresponden al carcinoma indiferenciado de células pequeñas. En la bibliografía revisada no aparecen referencias publicadas que determinen la presencia de un síndrome paraneoplásico y el descubrimiento de un cáncer pancreático indiferenciado de células pequeñas (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Rats , Animals , Male , Humans , Culture Media, Conditioned , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Oxidopamine , Dopamine Agonists , Neuroprotective Agents , Rats, Wistar , Neurons , Parkinson Disease , Neuroglia , Nerve Tissue Proteins , Random Allocation , Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration , Apomorphine , Antibodies , Cells, Cultured , Disease Models, Animal , RNA-Binding Proteins , Carcinoma, Small Cell , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Brain Chemistry , Telencephalon
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