ABSTRACT
The polymerization of aniline hydrochloride by inverse microemulsion in a batch process and the semicontinuous process was studied as a function of the surfactant ionic and nonionic. Polymerizations were carried out at 60°C for 4 h with a yield polymer of circa 67 and 27% wt. for ionic and nonionic surfactants. The conductivity of synthesized polyaniline by the semicontinuous process is higher up to three orders of magnitude than that of the batch process for both surfactants. The calculating degree of oxidation by UV-Vis showed the relative intensities of the quinoid to benzenoid unit around one. The morphology was determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and observed that the formation of the different morphologies is due to the self-assembly behavior of surfactant. The diameter z-average particle size (Dz) was studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), which determined that the diameter particle in a semicontinuous state is larger than the one produced in a batch; this is due to the control of monomer addition in the system. These findings suggest that the polymerization process and the type of surfactant influence the properties of polyaniline.
ABSTRACT
We describe a case report of a spontaneous suprachoroidal hemorrhage, in which the enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (OCT-EDI) is extremely useful in establish the differential diagnosis with a choroidal tumor. A 70 year-old woman was referred with a central scotoma after a Valsalva maneuver. In the posterior pole we observed a grey bilobed subretinal mass with the appearance of a choroidal tumor. OCT-EDI revealed an optically dark region with a scalloped anterior tumor contour and subretinal fluid, the choroicapillaris appeared to be intact and displaced anteriorly. The diagnosis was a suprachoroidal hemorrhage and it resolved in 12 weeks. Spontaneous suprachoroidal hemorrhage is a rare condition and it can resemble choroidal tumor. OCT-EDI is a very valuable tool in the differentiation of hemorrhage from tumors.
Subject(s)
Choroid Hemorrhage , Choroid Neoplasms , Valsalva Maneuver , Aged , Choroid Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Choroid Hemorrhage/etiology , Choroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Tomography, Optical CoherenceABSTRACT
Presentamos el caso clínico de una hemorragia supracoroidea espontánea, en el que la tomografía de coherencia óptica de profundidad mejorada (OCT-EDI) resulta de gran utilidad para el diagnóstico diferencial con un tumor coroideo. Una mujer de 70 años con hipertensión arterial, acude por escotoma central tras maniobra de Valsalva. En el fondo de ojo observamos una masa bilobulada central, subretiniana y grisácea, que plantea diagnóstico diferencial con un tumor coroideo. En la OCT-EDI se observa una masa coroidea con superficie de tipo festoneado y líquido subretiniano, el tejido coriocapilar se encuentra desplazado anteriormente con apariencia normal. Diagnosticamos una hemorragia supracoroidea, que se resuelve espontáneamente en 12 semanas. La hemorragia supracoroidea espontánea es muy poco frecuente y presenta una imagen que puede ser confundida con un tumor coroideo, la OCT-EDI es la prueba de imagen más útil para el diagnóstico diferencial (AU)
We describe a case report of a spontaneous suprachoroidal hemorrhage, in which the enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (OCT-EDI) is extremely useful in establish the differential diagnosis with a choroidal tumor. A 70 year-old woman was referred with a central scotoma after a Valsalva maneuver. In the posterior pole we observed a grey bilobed subretinal mass with the appearance of a choroidal tumor. OCT-EDI revealed an optically dark region with a scalloped anterior tumor contour and subretinal fluid, the choroicapillaris appeared to be intact and displaced anteriorly. The diagnosis was a suprachoroidal hemorrhage and it resolved in 12 weeks. Spontaneous suprachoroidal hemorrhage is a rare condition and it can resemble choroidal tumor. OCT-EDI is a very valuable tool in the differentiation of hemorrhage from tumors (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Choroid Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Choroid Hemorrhage/etiology , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Valsalva Maneuver , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
Es conocida la relación entre la diabetes y la demencia según numerosos estudios, siendo estas enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles de gran impacto en la salud pública. En la actualidad existen diversos estudios sobre el control glicémico en pacientes diabéticos adultos mayores, población en la cual se han encontrado controversias sobre esta temática, específicamente en el control glicémico estricto, en especial en población muy mayor. El objetivo del estudio es determinar la asociación entre trastornos neurocognitivos según MiniMental State Examination y control glicémico adecuado en adultos mayores diabéticos de 80 años en comparación a los no controlados, atendidos en el Centro Médico Naval entre 2017 y 2018. Se realizó un estudio analítico, transversal, retrospectivo, análisis secundario de base de datos. La muestra final fue de 66 participantes. Se evaluó el control glicémico y el grado de trastorno neuro cognitivo (TNC). Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables principales y un análisis bivariado comparando las covariables con la variable dependiente. Finalmente, las variables significativas en el análisis bivariado fueron incluidas en el modelo de regresión de Poisson. En los resultados se observó que el 92.42% no tuvo un control glicémico adecuado y presentaron trastornos neurocognitivos el 22.73% de los participantes. El valor de glucosa promedio en el grupo sin TNC fue de 99.53 ± 16.26 y del grupo con TNC el cual fue de 117.40 ± 55.01; además el valor de hemoglobina glicosilada fue en promedio de 7.96% ± 0.55 en el grupo con TNC y de 5.81 ± 0.54% en grupo sin TNC. En el modelo de regresión ajustado se obtuvo un valor de 1.13 (1.11-1.26). Se concluye que los pacientes con mal control glicémico tuvieron más riesgo de sufrir deterioro de la función cognitiva.
The relationship between diabetes and dementia is well known according to múltiple studies. These non-transmissible chronic conditions have a great impact in public health. Nowadays there are several studies that discuss the glycemic control in elderly diabetic patients and there have been controversies about this topic, especially in the strict glycemic management in very old populations. The objective of the study is to determine the relationship between cognitive impairment according to MiniMental State Examination procedure in appropriately controlled glycemic index in 80 years old diabetic adults versus not appropriately controlled, who were monitored at the Navy Medical Center between 2017 and 2018. The research consisted of an analytical, transversal and retrospective secondary analysis of a database. The final sample consisted of 66 participants. The glycemic control and the degree of neurocognitive impairment were evaluated. A descriptive analysis of the main variables was made and a bivariate analysis comparing the covariables with the dependent variable. Finally, all the meaningful variables in the bivariate analysis were included in the Poisson regression model. In the results it was observed that 92.42% did not have and adequate glycemic control and 22.73% of those presented neurocognitive impairments (NCI). The mean glucose value in the group without NCI was 99.53 ±16.26 and the group with NCI 117.40 ± 55.01. Furthermore, the glycosylated hemoglobin was on average of 7.96% ± 0.55 in the NCI group and 5.81 ± 0.54 % in the group without NCI. In the adjusted regression model, the value obtained was 1.13 (1.11-1.26). It was concluded that the patients with an inadequate glycemic control were more at risk of suffering cognitive decline.
ABSTRACT
UV-initiated crosslinking of electrospun poly(ethylene) oxide (PEO)/chitosan (CS) nanofibers doped with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) was performed using pentaerythritol triaclyrate (PETA) as the photoinitiator and crosslinker agent. The influence of the addition of PETA to the PEO/CS diameter and crosslinking of nanofibers was evaluated. The effect of irradiation time on the morphology and swelling properties of the crosslinked nanofibers were investigated. For ZnO-NPs, the minimum inhibitory concentrations were found at 1 mg/mL, and the minimum bactericidal concentrations at 2 mg/mL for all the strains tested. The nanofibrous hydrogel antibacterial effect was tested. This material enters the realm of fibrous hydrogels which have potential use in several applications as in the biomedical area. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The supplementary material for this article can be found at 10.1557/mrc.2020.74.
ABSTRACT
Despite extensive studies suggesting increased susceptibility to HIV during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, the molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. Our goal was to analyze transcriptomes of the endocervix and ectocervix during the proliferative and secretory phases using RNA sequencing to explore potential molecular signatures of susceptibility to HIV. We identified 202 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the proliferative and secretory phases of the cycle in the endocervix (adjusted p < 0.05). The biofunctions and pathways analysis of DEGs revealed that cellular assembly and epithelial barrier function in the proliferative phase and inflammatory response/cellular movement in the secretory phase were among the top biofunctions and pathways. The gene set enrichment analysis of ranked DEGs (score = log fold change/p value) in the endocervix and ectocervix revealed that (i) unstimulated/not activated immune cells gene sets positively correlated with the proliferative phase and negatively correlated with the secretory phase in both tissues, (ii) IFNγ and IFNα response gene sets positively correlated with the proliferative phase in the ectocervix, (iii) HIV restrictive Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway negatively correlated with the secretory phase in the endocervix. Our data show menstrual cycle phase-associated changes in both endocervix and ectocervix, which may modulate susceptibility to HIV.
Subject(s)
Cervix Uteri/metabolism , Follicular Phase/genetics , Gene Expression Profiling , Luteal Phase/genetics , Transcriptome , Computational Biology/methods , Endometrium/metabolism , Female , Gene Ontology , Gene Regulatory Networks , Humans , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Introducción: El hamartoma astrocítico retiniano es un tumor benigno generalmente asintomático, asociado o no al complejo de esclerosis tuberosa. La hemorragia vítrea es una rara presentación. Caso clínico: Paciente de 12 años acude por visión de "una mancha negra" en el hemicampo temporal superior del ojo derecho. Refiere un episodio similar hace 2 años. En lámpara de hendidura el polo anterior es normal. En la funduscopia se evidencia una masa de aspecto translúcido blanco-amarillenta peripapilar y hemorragia vítrea peripapilar. Las características de la autofluorescencia, angiografía fluoresceínica y la tomografía de coherencia óptica son compatibles con un hamartoma astrocítico retiniano. Los estudios complementarios (serología y radiografías) y examen clínico completo descartan afectación sistémica asociada. Se procedió a un seguimiento estrecho del paciente hasta reabsorción de la hemorragía vítrea. Conclusión: La hemorragia vítrea es una rara complicación de hamartoma astrocítico retiniano y dificulta la exploración fundoscópica. Debería descartarse afectación sistémica
Introduction: Retinal astrocytic hamartoma is generally an asymptomatic benign tumour that may or may not be associated with the tuberous sclerosis complex. Haemorrhage is a rare presentation. Case report: The case concerns a 12-year-old patient with "a black spot" vision in the upper temporal hemifield of the right eye, who referred a similar episode 2 years ago. The anterior pole was normal in the slit lamp. A mass of translucent white-yellow peri-papillary appearance and vitreous peri-papillary haemorrhage was observed in funduscopy. The autofluorescence, fluorescence angiography, and optical coherence tomography characteristics were all compatible with retinal astrocytic hamartoma. Complementary studies (serology and X-rays) and the complete clinical examination rule out associated systemic involvement. The patient was followed-up closely until the vitreous haemorrhage was reabsorbed. Conclusion: Vitreous haemorrhage is a rare complication of Retinal astrocytic hamartoma and funduscopic exploration is difficult. Systemic involvement should be ruled out
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Hamartoma/diagnosis , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Vitreous Hemorrhage/etiology , Astrocytes/pathology , Fluorescein Angiography , Hamartoma/pathology , Retinal Diseases/pathology , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Tomography, Optical CoherenceABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Retinal astrocytic hamartoma is generally an asymptomatic benign tumour that may or may not be associated with the tuberous sclerosis complex. Haemorrhage is a rare presentation. CASE REPORT: The case concerns a 12-year-old patient with "a black spot" vision in the upper temporal hemifield of the right eye, who referred a similar episode 2 years ago. The anterior pole was normal in the slit lamp. A mass of translucent white-yellow peri-papillary appearance and vitreous peri-papillary haemorrhage was observed in funduscopy. The autofluorescence, fluorescence angiography, and optical coherence tomography characteristics were all compatible with retinal astrocytic hamartoma. Complementary studies (serology and X-rays) and the complete clinical examination rule out associated systemic involvement. The patient was followed-up closely until the vitreous haemorrhage was reabsorbed. CONCLUSION: Vitreous haemorrhage is a rare complication of Retinal astrocytic hamartoma and funduscopic exploration is difficult. Systemic involvement should be ruled out.
Subject(s)
Hamartoma/diagnosis , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Vitreous Hemorrhage/etiology , Astrocytes/pathology , Child , Fluorescein Angiography , Hamartoma/pathology , Humans , Male , Retinal Diseases/pathology , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Tomography, Optical CoherenceABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Macular Degeneration/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
The outdoor production of marine microalgae biomass in pilot scale flat panels photobioreactors, under not sterile conditions and using centrate as nutrients source, was studied. Experiments were performed modifying the centrate percentage, dilution rate and orientation of the photobioreactors. The strain Geitlerinema sp. was that one prevailing independently of the culture conditions. The higher productivity of 47.7 gbiomassâ¯m-2·day-1 dry weight and photosynthetic efficiency of 2.8%, was achieved when using 20% centrate and a dilution rate of 0.3 day-1, whatever the orientation of the reactor, maximal nutrient removal capacities of 82%, 85% and 100% for carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus being obtained. Under non-optimal conditions up to 80% of the nitrogen and 60% of the phosphorus were lost by stripping and precipitation, respectively. Carbohydrates was the major component of the biomass followed by proteins and lipids. These results support the possibility to produce microalgae biomass below 0.59 /kg, useful to produce biofertilizers and animal feed.
Subject(s)
Cyanobacteria/growth & development , Microalgae/growth & development , Photobioreactors , Biomass , Cyanobacteria/metabolism , Microalgae/metabolism , Photosynthesis , Stramenopiles/growth & development , Stramenopiles/metabolism , Waste Disposal, Fluid , Waste ProductsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Retinal Detachment/diagnosis , Retinal Diseases/congenital , Fluorescein Angiography , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Anterior Chamber/anatomy & histology , Densitometry , Ophthalmology/historyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Anterior Chamber/anatomy & histology , Densitometry , Ophthalmology/historyABSTRACT
No disponible
