Sub-nanosecond Raman fiber amplifier based red-orange light source.

We introduce a fully-integrated two-color sub-nanosecond fiber laser system that incorporates a backward-pumped polarization-maintaining (PM) Raman phosphosilicate fiber amplifier (RFA) followed by two fully-integrated fiber-coupled second harmonic generator (SHG) modules. The RFA is pumped by a continuous-wave (CW) Yb laser operating at 1116 nm. The pulsed signals are generated by gain-switched distributed feedback (DFB) laser diodes at 1178 nm and 1310 nm, respectively. The output pulsed DFB signals are independently or simultaneously amplified in the RFA. This amplification is achieved using both the broad SiO2 (∼13.2 THz) and relatively narrow P2O5 (39.9 THz) Stokes shifts. The laser system produces sub-nanosecond pulses at 589 and 655 nm, featuring repetition rates ranging from 40 to 100 MHz and an average power of up to 3 W (limited by the SHG crystal damage threshold) at each wavelength. The diffraction-limited output beams maintain an M2 value of < 1.05 across the entire range of output powers and repetition rates for both wavelengths.

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of modular knee replacement. A review of 95 cases.

Ninety-five modular total knee replacements, 54 of them unicompartmental, have been reviewed. The average follow-up was three years. The major indication for operation was pain. A precise reoperative radiographic evaluation and a technique for a positioning the components are described. This had led to a significant improvement in the clinical and radiographic results in 67 out of 95 knees which were operated on. The modifications concern the orientation of the tibial cut, the placing of the femoral components and the correction of axial deviation. The main causes of the 13% of failures in our series were either errors in positioning the components or a preoperative diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Unicompartmental replacement gave similar results in both valgus and varus knees, and the morbidity was lower than in the biocompartmental replacements. The best results were obtained in osteoarthritic knees in elderly patients and in posttraumatic osteoarthritis.

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of modular knee replacement : A review of 95 cases.

Ninety-five modular total knee replacements, 54 of them unicompartmental, have been reviewed. The average follow-up was three years.The major indication for operation was pain. A precise preoperative radiographic evaluation and a technique for a positioning the components are described. This had led to a significant improvement in the clinical and radiographic results in 67 out of 95 knees which were operated on. The modifications concern the orientation of the tibial cut, the placing of the femoral components and the correction of axial deviation.The main causes of the 13% of failures in our series were either errors in positioning the components or a preoperative diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.Unicompartmental replacement gave similar results in both valgus and varus knees, and the morbidity was lower than in the bicompartmental replacements. The best results were obtained in osteoarthristic knees in elderly patients and in posttraumatic osteoarthritis.