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3.
Rev. esp. ped. (Ed. impr.) ; 74(1): 17-20, oct. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-179179

ABSTRACT

La eosinofilia en el recién nacido puede ser secundaria a múltiples etiologías. Presentamos el caso de un recién nacido que presentó eosinofilia severa, rectorragia y desmedro como manifestación de proctocolitis alérgica a proteínas de leche de vaca. Hacemos el diagnóstico diferencial de la eosinofilia en el período neonatal


Eosinophilia in newborn is caused for several causes. We presented a newborn who showed severe eosinofilia, rectorrhagia and lose weight due to allergic proctocolitis. We revised the differencial diagnosis of eosinophilia in newborn


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Eosinophilia/diagnosis , Proctocolitis/immunology , Food Hypersensitivity/immunology , Milk Proteins/adverse effects , Milk Hypersensitivity/immunology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology
4.
Rev Neurol ; 64(12): 543-548, 2017 Jun 16.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28608354

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Presumed perinatal ischemic stroke is a frequent cause of neurological sequelae. We aimed to describe the different clinical findings and risk factors and to analyse the differences according the vascular origin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective, descriptive study of patients diagnosed with presumed perinatal ischemic stroke attended at a tertiary pediatric hospital from 1990 to 2015. RESULTS: 44 patients were included. A total of 24 patients (55%) had arterial ischemic stroke and 20 (45%) had periventricular venous infarction. Delay in diagnosis was significantly higher in patients with periventricular venous infarction compared to those with arterial ischemic stroke (14 and 8 months respectively; p = 0.025). Most patients presented with asymmetrical motor development (90%), only < 5% with seizures or non motor delays. Subsequent epilepsy at follow-up was significantly more prevalent in arterial ischemic stroke group (p = 0.020). We determined risk factors theoretically involved in the pathogenesis of presumed perinatal ischemic stroke: prenatal, obstetrical, perinatal, prothrombotic and cardiac. No significant differences between risk factors and vascular origin were found. Prothrombotic abnormalities were common (48.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Investigation in risk factors implicated in presumed perinatal ischemic stroke is required to develop prevention strategies. Delay in diagnosis is higher in periventricular venous infarction group.


TITLE: Ictus isquemico presumiblemente perinatal: factores de riesgo, hallazgos clinicos y radiologicos.Introduccion. El ictus isquemico presumiblemente perinatal es una causa frecuente de secuelas neurologicas importantes. Los objetivos del estudio son describir las caracteristicas clinicas y los factores de riesgo implicados, y analizar las diferencias segun su origen vascular. Pacientes y metodos. Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que incluye pacientes con diagnostico de ictus isquemico presumiblemente perinatal atendidos en un hospital terciario entre 1990-2015. Resultados. Se incluyeron 44 pacientes: 24 (55%) fueron de origen arterial, frente a 20 (45%) de origen venoso. El diagnostico fue significativamente mas tardio en los de origen venoso que en los de origen arterial (14 y 8 meses respectivamente; p = 0,025). La mayoria comenzo con un deficit motor (90%), y las crisis epilepticas y el retraso psicomotor global fueron menos frecuentes en ambos grupos (< 5%). La prevalencia de epilepsia posterior fue significativamente mas frecuente entre los de origen arterial (p = 0,020). Se analizaron los factores de riesgo teoricamente implicados en su patogenia: prenatales, obstetricos, perinatales, protromboticos y cardiacos, sin hallarse diferencias significativas en la presencia de estos entre los infartos arteriales y los venosos. Encontramos la presencia de al menos una alteracion en el estudio de hipercoagulabilidad en el 48,3% de los pacientes. Conclusion. Es preciso investigar el papel que desempeñan los factores de riesgo implicados en el ictus isquemico presumiblemente perinatal para establecer medidas preventivas. Su diagnostico es mas tardio si el origen es venoso.


Subject(s)
Brain Ischemia/epidemiology , Brain Ischemia/diagnostic imaging , Brain Ischemia/embryology , Brain Ischemia/etiology , Cerebral Arteries/diagnostic imaging , Cerebral Veins/diagnostic imaging , Delayed Diagnosis , Delivery, Obstetric , Embolism, Paradoxical/epidemiology , Epilepsy/etiology , Female , Fetal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Fetal Diseases/epidemiology , Fetal Diseases/etiology , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Intellectual Disability/etiology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Movement Disorders/etiology , Neuroimaging , Perinatal Care , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data , Thrombophilia/complications , Thrombophilia/diagnosis , Thrombophilia/epidemiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
5.
Rev Neurol ; 64(1): 27-30, 2017 Jan 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28000909

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Acute cerebellitis is one of the main causes of cerebellar syndrome in infancy. Among the wide range of manifestations, headache and ataxia being the most predominant, we can find other less frequent, although nonetheless interesting, ones, such as language disorders, which go beyond the well-known cerebellar dysarthria. The different combinations in which the symptoms can appear, especially when not accompanied by ataxia, make the condition a real challenge for the clinician. CASE REPORTS: Two patients, aged 2 and 4 years, with clinical features, lab tests and neuroimaging results consistent with parainfectious acute cerebellitis. Both of them also presented a striking language disorder, one in the form of cerebellar mutism and the other in the form of hypofluency and agrammatism, the latter also developing in the absence of ataxia. Both cases progressed favourably, and mild speech alterations persisted in the follow-up visits. CONCLUSIONS: Cases such as these expand the range of clinical manifestations of acute cerebellitis. The involvement of the cerebellum in neurocognitive processes like language is becoming increasingly more important and, although many aspects are still only speculations, managing to define its true role will have important repercussions on the diagnosis, treatment and long-term prognosis of these patients.


TITLE: Alteraciones del lenguaje en la cerebelitis aguda: mas alla de la disartria.Introduccion. La cerebelitis aguda es una de las principales causas de sindrome cerebeloso en la infancia. Entre un amplio elenco de manifestaciones, en el que predominan la cefalea y la ataxia, podemos encontrar otras menos habituales, aunque interesantes, como las alteraciones del lenguaje, mas alla de la bien conocida disartria cerebelosa. Las diferentes combinaciones en que pueden aparecer los sintomas, especialmente cuando no se acompañan de ataxia, hacen de este cuadro un verdadero reto para el clinico. Casos clinicos. Se presentan dos pacientes, de 2 y 4 años, con clinica, pruebas de laboratorio y neuroimagen compatibles con cerebelitis aguda parainfecciosa, que asociaron una llamativa alteracion del lenguaje, uno en forma de mutismo cerebeloso y otro en forma de hipofluencia y agramatismo, y este ultimo cursaba ademas en ausencia de ataxia. La evolucion de ambos casos fue buena, y persistieron leves alteraciones del habla en el seguimiento posterior. Conclusiones. Casos como estos amplian el espectro de manifestaciones clinicas de la cerebelitis aguda. Cada vez cobra mayor importancia la participacion del cerebelo en procesos neurocognitivos como el lenguaje y, aunque muchos aspectos son aun especulativos, alcanzar a definir su verdadero papel tendra una repercusion en el diagnostico, el tratamiento y el pronostico a largo plazo de estos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Aphasia, Broca/etiology , Cerebellar Diseases/complications , Encephalitis/complications , Mutism/etiology , Speech Disorders/etiology , Acute Disease , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Cerebellar Ataxia/etiology , Cerebellar Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cerebellar Diseases/drug therapy , Child, Preschool , Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/etiology , Encephalitis/diagnostic imaging , Female , Headache/etiology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Neuroimaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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