Application of Internet of Things on the Healthcare Field Using Convolutional Neural Network Processing.

Population at risk can benefit greatly from remote health monitoring because it allows for early detection and treatment. Because of recent advances in Internet-of-Things (IoT) paradigms, such monitoring systems are now available everywhere. Due to the essential nature of the patients being monitored, these systems demand a high level of quality in aspects such as availability and accuracy. In health applications, where a lot of data are accessible, deep learning algorithms have the potential to perform well. In this paper, we develop a deep learning architecture called the convolutional neural network (CNN), which we examine in this study to see if it can be implemented. The study uses the IoT system with a centralised cloud server, where it is considered as an ideal input data acquisition module. The study uses cloud computing resources by distributing CNN operations to the servers with outsourced fitness functions to be performed at the edge. The results of the simulation show that the proposed method achieves a higher rate of classifying the input instances from the data acquisition tools than other methods. From the results, it is seen that the proposed CNN achieves an average accurate rate of 99.6% on training datasets and 86.3% on testing datasets.

Mechanistic studies on the biosorption of Pb(II) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The biosorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution has been studied using both the intact and thermolyzed cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Further, the role of the major cell wall components, namely DNA, protein, polysaccharide, and lipid, in Pb(II) binding has been assessed using an enzymatic treatment method. The Pb(II) bioremediation capability of P. aeruginosa cells has been investigated by varying the parameters of pH, time of interaction, amount of biomass, and concentration of Pb(II). The complete bioremoval of Pb(II) using intact cells has been achieved for an initial Pb(II) concentration of 12.4 mg L-1 at pH 6.2 and temperature 29 ± 1 °C. The biosorption isotherm follows Langmuirian behavior with a Gibbs free energy of -30.7 kJ mol-1, indicative of chemisorption. The biosorption kinetics is consistent with a pseudo-second-order model. The possible Pb(II) binding mechanisms of P. aeruginosa cells are discussed based on characterization using zeta potential measurements, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results confirm that among the major cell wall components studied, polysaccharide shows the highest contribution towards Pb(II) binding, followed by DNA, lipid, and protein. Similar studies using thermolyzed cells show higher Pb(II) uptake compared to the intact cells both before and after enzymatic treatment.

Studies on the biosorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution using extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) namely protein, polysaccharide, biosurfactant and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in its purified forms isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginsa were independently investigated for their Pb(II) biosorption capacities and mechanisms. Two parameters namely concentration of EPS component and concentration of Pb(II) ions were optimized for maximum Pb(II) biosorption. The maximum amounts of Pb(II) uptake corresponded to 4.8 mg per mg of protein, 0.48 mg per mg of polysaccharide, 0.041 mg per mg of biosurfactant, 0.42 mg per mg of ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) and 0.30 mg per mg of dsDNA (double-stranded DNA). The biosorption isotherms of Pb(II) adhered to the Langmuir model, for the individual EPS components. The standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) values calculated using Langmuir constants showed that the biosorption of Pb(II) by the individual EPS component was spontaneous and attested to a chemisorption process. The FTIR studies revealed the functional groups responsible for Pb(II) binding and the EDAX studies confirmed the presence of lead on EPS after biosorption. The protein constituent showed the highest Pb(II) biosorption capacity among other components. The differences in the protein profile of P. aeruginosa in the presence and absence of Pb(II) ions using Sodium dodecyl sulphate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) could be attributed to the possible resistance mechanisms of P. aeruginosa cells.