ABSTRACT
The authors examined a group of 42 patients with neuromuscular diseases of the esophagus. They distinguished a group of patients who were not treated previously, a group with recurrent neuromuscular diseases of the esophagus in high tonues of the cardia, and a group of patients with a recurrence in normal or low tonus of the cardia. All patients underwent roentgenoscopy of the esophagus and stomach, esophagogastroscopy, and esophagomanometry, as well as clinico-psycho-diagnostic examination. Polymorphism of psychic reactions with predominance of anxiety and depression was revealed in the group of untreated patients, tendency to develop static forms of psychic and somatic responses and mild excitability were encountered in the group of patients with a recurrence in increased cardiac tonus. In patients with a recurrence in low tonus of physiological cardia the condition was determined by hystero-hypochondriac, alarming-depressive disorders. Clinocopsycho-diagnostic examination made it possible to develop averaged schemes of psychotropic therapy according to the groups of patients.
Subject(s)
Esophageal Achalasia/diagnosis , Esophageal Achalasia/therapy , Esophagoscopy , Gastroscopy , Psychophysiologic Disorders , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Combined Modality Therapy , Esophageal Achalasia/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Manometry , Middle Aged , Recurrence , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methodsABSTRACT
The procedure of the multimodality personality investigation (MMPI) to examine the mental status and personality traits of 61 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis of limited extent. The clinical and psychodiagnostic examination has revealed the following general types of a response to the disease: alienation from the people around, depressive reaction (18%), negative attitude to treatment (16.1% of the patients refused treatment and 13.1% refused surgical treatment), social adaptation impairment, neglect of the generally accepted behaviour patterns and schizoid personality traits. Along with this, the individual forms of a response to disease detection were determined. They were manifested by a number of symptom complexes: hypochondriac (13.6%), anxiety-depressive (18.4%) and paranoid (9.1%). These mental disorders gravely affected the patients and made treatment of the basic disease more complicated. A long-term conservative treatment aggravated depression and hysterical and schizoid personality traits. The mental status and the types of response were shown to differ from the same reactions in somatic patients with other abnormalities.
Subject(s)
Neurocognitive Disorders/etiology , Neurotic Disorders/etiology , Paranoid Disorders/etiology , Schizoid Personality Disorder/etiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , MMPI , Male , Middle Aged , Neurocognitive Disorders/diagnosis , Neurotic Disorders/diagnosis , Paranoid Disorders/diagnosis , Patient Dropouts/psychology , Schizoid Personality Disorder/diagnosis , Severity of Illness Index , Social Alienation/psychology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/complications , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/therapyABSTRACT
Under examination there were 29 patients with neuromuscular diseases of the esophagus using clinico-psychodiagnostic investigations on the basis of the method of multilateral examination of the person. The treatment of patients also included a course of psychotropic therapy. The results obtained are discussed in different groups of patients with neuromuscular diseases of the esophagus. Immediate results of the treatment were satisfactory.
Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders/therapy , Esophageal Achalasia/therapy , Psychophysiologic Disorders/therapy , Stress, Psychological/complications , Acupuncture Therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Combined Modality Therapy , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Deglutition Disorders/psychology , Dilatation , Esophageal Achalasia/etiology , Esophageal Achalasia/psychology , Humans , Middle Aged , Psychophysiologic Disorders/etiology , Psychotropic Drugs/administration & dosageABSTRACT
On the basis of a prolonged follow-up of 319 patients with somatopsychic disturbances and 344 patients with psychosomatic abnormalities the authors have made a comparative analysis of the development of pathological states and efficacy of various therapeutic methods. The authors have established some general regularities and main differences in the formation of mental disorders and somatoneurological equivalents in the above types of pathology and ascertained major psychopathological symptom complexes. The main principles of the multiple modality therapy of somatopsychic and psychosomatic disturbances are outlined.
Subject(s)
Psychophysiologic Disorders/diagnosis , Somatoform Disorders/diagnosis , Adult , Chronic Disease , Combined Modality Therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Male , Methods , Middle Aged , Psychopathology , Psychophysiologic Disorders/psychology , Psychophysiologic Disorders/therapy , Somatoform Disorders/psychology , Somatoform Disorders/therapySubject(s)
Acetylcholine/metabolism , Catecholamines/metabolism , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Acetylcholine/blood , Acetylcholinesterase/blood , Adult , Dihydroxyphenylalanine/urine , Dopamine/urine , Epinephrine/analysis , Homovanillic Acid/urine , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Norepinephrine/analysis , Schizophrenia/metabolism , Vanilmandelic Acid/urineABSTRACT
The state of catecholamine and acetylcholine metabolism in schizophrenic patients with recurrent, attacklike-progressive and continuous forms was studied during the process of neuroleptical treatment. The level of doses, duration of administration and the dynamics of the mental state were taken into consideration. It was established that in schizophrenic patients the correlation of the studied system compared to the control group is changed. The study demonstrated different types of changes in catecholamine metabolism in patients with different forms of the schizophrenic process, prior to and during psychopharmacotherapy. The obtained results permitted to give some recommendations in the therapeutic approaches in schizophrenic patients with attack-like and continuous forms of the disease.
