ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine reference values for the length and area of the fetal corpus callosum between 20 and 33 weeks' gestation using 3-dimensional sonography. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in 293 healthy pregnant women between 20 and 33 weeks' gestation. The length and area of the corpus callosum were obtained via the transfontal view with the metopic suture as an acoustic window using 3-dimensional sonographic aquisitions. Linear and weighted polynomial regression models were used, which were adjusted by residual analysis and the R(2) determination coefficient. Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibilities were analyzed by an intraclass correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The mean corpus callosum length ± SD varied from 19.52 ± 2.24 to 40.36 ± 2.87 mm, whereas the mean area varied from 0.44 ± 0.11 to 1.47 ± 0.21 cm(2) at 20 and 33 weeks, respectively. The length and area were highly correlated with gestational age: corpus callosum length = -52.41 + 4.71 × gestational age - 0.06 × gestational age(2) (R(2) = 0.868); and corpus callosum area = -2.47 + 0.16 × gestational age - 0.000037 × gestational age(2) (R(2) = 0.765). The intraobserver and interobserver reproducibilities were excellent, with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.98 and 0.94 for the length and 0.99 and 0.90 for the area, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Reference values for the length and the area of the fetal corpus callosum between 20 and 33 weeks' gestation were determined with high reproducibility.
Subject(s)
Corpus Callosum/diagnostic imaging , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods , Adult , Corpus Callosum/embryology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Pregnancy , Reference Values , Regression Analysis , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: determinar os valores de referência para o comprimento e a área do corpo caloso fetal entre a 20ª e 33ª semanas de gestação por meio da ultrassonografia tridimensional (US3D). MÉTODOS: foi realizado um estudo do tipo corte transversal com 70 gestantes normais entre a 20ª e 33ª semanas de gestação. Utilizou-se um aparelho da marca Accuvix XQ, equipado com transdutor convexo volumétrico (3 a 5 MHz). Para a obtenção do corpo caloso fetal, foi utilizado um plano transfrontal, com a sutura metópica como janela acústica. Para o cálculo do comprimento, utilizou-se a distância entre os pontos médios dos polos proximal e distal do corpo caloso. Para o cálculo da área, a delimitação manual da superfície externa do corpo caloso foi realizada. Para o comprimento e a área do corpo caloso, foram calculadas: as médias, as medianas, os desvios padrão e os valores máximo e mínimo. Para a correlação da área e do comprimento do corpo caloso com a idade gestacional e o diâmetro biparietal foram criados diagramas de dispersão, sendo a qualidade dos ajustes verificada pelo coeficiente de determinação (R²). Para a variabilidade intraobservador, utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI). RESULTADOS: a média do comprimento do corpo caloso variou de 21,7 mm (18,6 - 25,2 mm) a 38,7 mm (32,6 - 43,3 mm) entre a 20ªe 33ª semanas, respectivamente. A média da área do corpo caloso variou de 55,2 mm² (41,0 - 80,0 mm²) a 142,2 mm² (114,0 - 160,0 mm²) entre a 20ªe 33ª semanas, respectivamente. O comprimento e a área do corpo caloso foram fortemente correlacionados com a idade gestacional (R² = 0,7 e 0,7, respectivamente) e com o diâmetro biparietal (R² = 0,7 e 0,6, respectivamente). A variabilidade intraobservador foi adequada com CCI = 0,9 e 0,9 para o comprimento e área, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: valores de referência para o comprimento e área do corpo caloso fetal entre a 20ªe 33ª semanas foram determinados. A variabilidade intraobservador foi adequada.
PURPOSE: to establish reference values for the length and area of the fetal corpus callosum between the 20th and 33rd weeks of gestation using three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS). METHODS: this cross-sectional study involved 70 normal pregnancies with gestational age between 20 and 33 weeks. An Accuvix XQ instrument with a convex volumetric transducer (3 to 5 MHz) was used. To assess the corpus callosum, a transfrontal plane was obtained using the metopic suture as an acoustic window. Length was obtained by measuring the distance between the proximal and distal extremities of the corpus callosum. Area was obtained by manual tracing of the external corpus callosum surface. The means, medians, standard deviations, and maximum and minimum values were calculated for the corpus callosum length and area. Scatter graphs were created to analyze the correlation between corpus callosum length and area and gestational age and biparietal diameter, the quality adjustments was verified according to the determination coefficient (R²). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the intraobserver variability. RESULTS: mean corpus callosum length increased from 21.7 (18.6 - 25.2 mm) to 38.7 mm (32.6 - 43.3 mm) between 20 and 33 weeks of pregnancy, respectively. Mean corpus callosum area increased from 55.2 (41.0 - 80.0 mm²) to 142.2 mm² (114.0 - 160.0 mm²), between 20 to 33 weeks of pregnancy, respectively. There was a strong correlation between corpus callosum length and area and gestational age (R² = 0.7 and 0.7, respectively) and biparietal diameter (R² = 0.7 and 0.6, respectively). Intraobserver variability was appropriate, with an ICC of 0.9 and 0.9 for length and area, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: reference values for corpus callosum length and area were established for fetuses between 20 and 33 weeks gestation. Intraobserver variability was appropriate.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Corpus Callosum/embryology , Corpus Callosum , Echoencephalography , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Cross-Sectional Studies , Gestational Age , Organ Size , Reference ValuesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: to establish reference values for the length and area of the fetal corpus callosum between the 20th and 33rd weeks of gestation using three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS). METHODS: this cross-sectional study involved 70 normal pregnancies with gestational age between 20 and 33 weeks. An Accuvix XQ instrument with a convex volumetric transducer (3 to 5 MHz) was used. To assess the corpus callosum, a transfrontal plane was obtained using the metopic suture as an acoustic window. Length was obtained by measuring the distance between the proximal and distal extremities of the corpus callosum. Area was obtained by manual tracing of the external corpus callosum surface. The means, medians, standard deviations, and maximum and minimum values were calculated for the corpus callosum length and area. Scatter graphs were created to analyze the correlation between corpus callosum length and area and gestational age and biparietal diameter, the quality adjustments was verified according to the determination coefficient (R²). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the intraobserver variability. RESULTS: mean corpus callosum length increased from 21.7 (18.6 - 25.2 mm) to 38.7 mm (32.6 - 43.3 mm) between 20 and 33 weeks of pregnancy, respectively. Mean corpus callosum area increased from 55.2 (41.0 - 80.0 mm²) to 142.2 mm² (114.0 - 160.0 mm²), between 20 to 33 weeks of pregnancy, respectively. There was a strong correlation between corpus callosum length and area and gestational age (R² = 0.7 and 0.7, respectively) and biparietal diameter (R² = 0.7 and 0.6, respectively). Intraobserver variability was appropriate, with an ICC of 0.9 and 0.9 for length and area, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: reference values for corpus callosum length and area were established for fetuses between 20 and 33 weeks gestation. Intraobserver variability was appropriate.
Subject(s)
Corpus Callosum/diagnostic imaging , Corpus Callosum/embryology , Echoencephalography , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Organ Size , Pregnancy , Reference ValuesABSTRACT
O diagnóstico das lesões mamárias não palpáveis tem sido cada vez mais freqüente, a partir do aprimoramento dosmétodos de diagnóstico por imagem desenvolvidos nas últimas três décadas e mais recentemente com as técnicasde biópsia por agulha (core biopsy). Apresentamos um estudo de 197 casos submetidos à biópsia por agulha,guiadas por ultra-sonografia e por mamografia, com ênfase na correlação entre os achados morfológicos dosexames de diagnóstico por imagem e a histopatologia. Em 40 casos o diagnóstico foi de carcinoma. Houveconcordância significativa (p<0,001) entre a classificação conhecida com BIRADS e os diagnósticoshistopatológicos.
