[Severe atopic dermatitis and hiper-IgE]. / Dermatitis atópica severa e hiper-IgE.

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory and complex skin disease, typically occurring in individuals with a personal or family history of atopy. It is characterized by lesions of dermatitis, pruritus and dry skin (xerosis) that evolve with chronic course and intermittent outbreaks alternating with remission phases. AD appears from 5-15 % of the general population, 10-20 % of the pediatric population, and 1-3 % of the adult population. CLINICAL REPORT: A 19-year-old male patient with a severe AD (SCORAD of 84.3), and hyper-IgE (34 400 UI/mL), who was treated with deflazacort, Healing creams and emollients, as well as detergent-free gel. With which did not progress favorably, so a combinated therapy with deflazacort, methotrexate, tacrolimus, and transfer factor was prescribed, obtaining excellent results. CONCLUSION: There are many algorithms reported in the literature for the treatment of AD, but the evolution of the disease is the only one that will give us the guidelines for the treatment to be followed.

Antecedentes: la dermatitis atópica es una enfermedad cutánea compleja, inflamatoria y crónica, que ocurre típicamente en individuos con una historia personal o familiar de atopia. Se caracteriza por lesiones de dermatitis, prurito y piel seca (xerosis) que evolucionan con curso crónico y brotes intermitentes que alternan con periodos de remisión. La padecen entre 5 y 15 % de la población general, entre 10 y 20 % de la población pediátrica y entre 1 y 3 % de la población adulta. Caso clínico: hombre de 19 años, con dermatitis atópica severa (SCORAD de 84.3) e hiper-IgE (34 400 UI/mL). Se prescribió deflazacort y uso de cremas cicatrizantes y emolientes, así como de gel libre de detergente, tratamiento con el cual no evolucionó favorablemente, por lo que se indicó la combinación de deflazacort, metotrexate, tacrolimus y factor de transferencia, con la cual se obtuvieron excelentes resultados. Conclusión: en la literatura se describen numerosos algoritmos para el tratamiento de la DA, pero la evolución de la enfermedad es la que marca la pauta para el tratamiento que debe seguirse.

[Aerobiological study of anemophilous pollens in the city of Toluca, Mexico]. / Estudio aerobiológico de pólenes anemófilos en la ciudad de Toluca, México.

BACKGROUND: Due to the high incidence of allergic diseases in Mexico, caused by exposure to pollens, there have been several studies of plants and atmospheric pollens in various regions in the last decades. In the city of Toluca there have been two previous pollen samplings using gravimetric methodology, for which it is necessary to obtain new samplings with a standardized volumetric technique, in order to have updated and confident results of a region with considerable environmental changes in the last years. OBJECTIVE: To determine the different types of pollens, seasonal variations and behavior in the four seasons of the year. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A descriptive study, related to the identification of pollens by the suction and trapping of particles with the volumetric sampler type Hirst (Burkard) performed in the city of Toluca, Mexico, from October 1, 2004 to September 30, 2005. RESULTS: Twenty-nine different airborne pollen types were identified, which amounted a total of 13,542 pollen grains. During winter we found the largest number of pollens. The months with the highest and lowest amount of pollens were January and August, respectively. Pollens from trees predominated, mainly from the Cupressaceae (44%) and Pinaceae (13.8%) families, which were present in the atmosphere throughout the year. CONCLUSIONS: We identified a larger amount of pollens from trees in winter, mainly from the Cupressaceae family, and it is closely related to the number of trees planted of this species in the city.

Antecedentes: debido a la alta prevalencia de enfermedades alérgicas en México causadas por exposición a polen, en las últimas décadas se han hecho estudios de plantas y pólenes atmosféricos en varias regiones. En la ciudad de Toluca se hicieron dos muestreos polínicos, mediante metodología gravimétrica, por lo que es necesario hacer un estudio con metodología volumétrica estandarizada para obtener resultados actualizados y confiables de una región con cambios ambientales considerables en los últimos años. Objetivo: determinar los diferentes tipos polínicos, las variaciones estacionales y su comportamiento en las cuatro estaciones del año. Material y método: estudio descriptivo de la identificación de pólenes, mediante el método de succión y captura de partículas con el muestreador volumétrico tipo Hirst (Burkard), efectuado en la ciudad de Toluca, México, del 1 de octubre de 2004 al 30 de septiembre de 2005. Resultados: se identificaron 29 diferentes tipos polínicos, con un conteo total de 13,542 granos de polen. Durante el invierno se encontró la mayor cantidad de pólenes. Los meses con mayor y menor cantidad de pólenes fueron enero y agosto, respectivamente. Predominaron los árboles, principalmente de la familia Cupressaceae (44%) y polen de Pinaceae (13.8%); estos dos grupos polínicos estuvieron presentes durante todo el año. Conclusiones: identificamos una mayor cantidad de pólenes de árboles durante el invierno, principalmente de la familia Cupressaceae, lo que se relaciona estrechamente con la cantidad de árboles sembrados de esta especie en la ciudad.

Polymorphisms in Glutathione S-Transferase M1, T1, and P1 in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Pilot Study.

Background. Although the direct cause of chronic periodontitis is bacterial infection, the progression of this disease depends on genetic and environmental factors, and smoking is a known risk factor in the development and severity of the disease. An individual's susceptibility may be influenced by polymorphisms in the glutathione S-transferase genes. These genes encode enzymes that metabolize xenobiotic compounds. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms in Mexicans with chronic periodontitis. Methods. 60 Mexicans with chronic periodontitis (30 smokers and 30 nonsmokers) were studied. A peripheral blood sample was taken for subsequent DNA extraction. The genetic material was PCR-amplified followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism with the aim of identifying GST polymorphisms. Results. Polymorphisms in the GSTT1 and GSTP1 genes were not significantly different between the smokers and nonsmokers. However, there were significant differences (P = 0.05) between groups in polymorphisms in the GSTM1 gene. The patients with chronic periodontitis have a higher frequency of null and mutant polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 compared with historical data from a healthy Mexican population. Conclusions. The presence of these polymorphisms may be a risk factor for the development of chronic periodontitis.

Síndrome de burnout en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México: un estudio comparativo / Burnout syndrome in the Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Mexico: a comparative study

El Síndrome de Burnout (SBO) es un problema creciente, comprende alteraciones físicas, somáticas y psicológicas; así como ausentismo laboral, y cuantiosas pérdidas económicas. Desafortunadamente presenta alta prevalencia en los profesionales de la salud y en los estudiantes, principalmente los del área odontológica. El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer las diferencias por afectación del SBO, en tres grupos (docentes, trabajadores administrativos y estudiantes) que conforman el personal de la Facultad de Odontología, de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM). Se aplicó el Maslach Burnout Inventory y un cuestionario sobre las características sociodemográficas, laborales y académicas, a 108 personas de la Facultad de Odontología, de la UAEM: 36 docentes, 36 trabajadores administrativos y 36 estudiantes. El instrumento consta de 22 ítems para evaluar las tres subescalas del SBO: 1) Agotamiento Emocional (AE), 2)Despersonalización (DP), y 3) Realización Personal (RP). Se aplicó una prueba t para conocer las diferencias entre los grupos, con apoyo del software SPSS, versión 19. Al comparar las medias de afectación por el SBO entre los grupos, se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la subescala AE entre docentes y estudiantes (p=0,00), entre docentes y trabajadores administrativos (p=0,01), y entre trabajadores administrativos y estudiantes (p=0,00). En la subescala DP sólo se encontraron diferencias entre los trabajadores administrativos y los estudiantes (p=0,01). En la subescala RP se encontraron diferencias entre los docentes y los estudiantes (p=0,00), entre los docentes y los trabajadores administrativos (p=0,01), y entre los trabajadores administrativos y los estudiantes (p=0,05). No hay estudios sobre el SBO, que incluyan todos los grupos que conforman el personal de una Facultad de Odontología. Sin embargo, es importante conocer las diferencias en la afectación por este síndrome en cada uno de los grupos, ...

Burnout syndrome (BOS) is a growing problem, involves physical, somatic and psychological alterations, as well as work absenteeism, and economic losses. Unfortunately it has high prevalence among health professionals and students, mainly on dentistry area. The aim of this study was to know the differences by affectation of the BOS, between the three groups (educational, administrative workers and students) that conforms the personnel of the Dentistry Faculty, of the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico (UAEM). The Maslach Burnout Inventory and a questionnaire on sociodemographic, labor and academic characteristics, was applied to 108 people of the Dentistry Faculty of the UAEM: 36 educational ones, 36 administrative workers and 36 students. The instrument includes 22 items to evaluate the three subscales of the BOS: 1) Emotional fatigue (EF), 2) Depersonalization (DP), and 3) Personal Realization (PR). A t test was applied to know the differences between the groups studied, with support of software SPSS, version 19. When comparing the averages of affectation by BOS between the groups studied, were statistically significant differences in the subscale of EF between the educational and students groups (p=0.00), between educational and administrative workers groups (p=0.01), and between administrative workers and students groups (p=0.00). In the subscale of DP only were differences between the administrative workers and students groups (p=0.01). In the subscale of PR were differences between educational and students groups (p=0.00), between educational and administrative workers (p=0.01) and, between administrative workers and students groups (p=0.05). There are not studies on the BOS that includes all the groups that conform the personnel of a Dentistry Faculty. Nevertheless, it is important to know the differences in the affectation by this syndrome in each one of the groups, since it will allow elaborating specific strategies for each one; and..