ABSTRACT
Binding of cations to chondroitin sulfate A and C, chondroitin, and D-glucuronate was investigated in neutral and acidic aqueous media using H+, Cu2+, and Na+ ion-specific electrodes, viscometry, electron spin resonance (esr), and ligand-field spectroscopy. Site binding to the carboxylate group and only electrostatic interaction with the sulfate group could describe the results well. The nitrogen atom of the N-acetyl group appeared not to be involved in bonding of cations to chondroitin(sulfate) systems. The interaction of the divalent metal ions follows the Irving-Williams series. The value of the electrostatic potential at the carboxylate group of chondroitin(sulfate), as experienced by a cation, was determined in dependence of cation bonding. It proved to be difficult to establish the composition of a complex of a metal ion with a polyion by means of a molar ratio curve.
Subject(s)
Chondroitin Sulfates , Chondroitin , Copper , Sodium , Cations , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , Chondroitin/analogs & derivatives , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Potentiometry , Structure-Activity Relationship , ViscosityABSTRACT
13C-N.m.r. spectra of chondroitin 4- and 6-sulphates, chondroitin, beta-D-glucuronate, and beta-D-glucose 6-sulphate were measured in the presence of ytterbium(III) in deuterium oxide. The structure of the ytterbium-polysaccharide compounds in solution was found to be similar to that reported for calcium chondroitin 4-sulphate in a stretched film. In the glucuronate complex, Yb(III) coordinates to the carboxylate group. For beta-D-glucose 6-sulphate, the ytterbium-induced shifts are too small to allow the structure to be determined.