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PLoS Pathog ; 17(2): e1009339, 2021 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33600506

ABSTRACT

Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist and PGT121 (broadly neutralizing antibody, bnAb) administration previously delayed viral rebound and induced SHIV remission. We evaluated the impact of GS-986 (TLR7 agonist) and dual bnAbs on viral rebound after antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption. Rhesus macaques inoculated with SHIV-1157ipd3N4 were initiated on daily suppressive ART from Day 14 post SHIV inoculation. Active arm animals (n = 8) received GS-986, N6-LS and PGT121 after plasma viral suppression, starting from week 14. GS-986 induced immune activation and SHIV-specific T cell responses but not viral expression in all the active arm animals. After ART interruption, median time to viral rebound was 6 weeks in the active and 3 weeks in the control arm (p = 0.024). In this animal model, the administration of the combination of GS-986 and dual bnAbs was associated with a modest delay in viral rebound. This strategy should be further evaluated to better understand the underlying mechanisms for the induction of virus-specific immune responses and delay in viral rebound.


Subject(s)
Anti-Retroviral Agents/pharmacology , Antibodies, Neutralizing/pharmacology , Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology , Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/drug effects , Toll-Like Receptor 7/agonists , Viral Load , Viremia/immunology , Animals , Macaca mulatta , Male , Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/virology , Viremia/drug therapy , Viremia/virology
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