ABSTRACT
An exceptionally rare case of the ciliary body medulloepithelioma is described. The distinctive feature of this case was the subtotal necrosis of the tumour. The development of necrosis is attributed to the destruction of the lens capsule and lens fibres by tumour cells. It resulted in phako--anaphylactic endophthalmitis which is likely to have been the cause of the tumour necrosis. Possible immune and autoimmune mechanisms of inflammatory--destructive changes of the eye tissue and the tumour are discussed.
Subject(s)
Ciliary Body , Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral/pathology , Uveal Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Infant , Lens, Crystalline/pathology , NecrosisABSTRACT
A new method of retinal detachment simulation includes subretinal administration of ferromagnetic fluid with subsequent action from without by a permanent magnetic field. Retinal detachment was induced in 24 eyes of experimental animals. Of them, clinical picture of total high fibrous detachment of the retina was simulated in 16 eyes, and high rigid detachment occupying 2-3 quadrants of the eye fundus--in 8 eyes. Histologically, the induced retinal detachment was characterized by development of degenerative-proliferative processes in all eye coats. The proposed model allows to obtain different variants of "fresh" and "old" retinal detachments. It is highly reproducible, creates conditions for studying all aspects of pathogenesis of complicated forms of retinal detachment and for development of methods for its treatment.
Subject(s)
Disease Models, Animal , Retinal Detachment/etiology , Animals , Colloids , Ferric Compounds/administration & dosage , Injections/methods , Iron/administration & dosage , Magnetics , Ophthalmoscopy , Rabbits , Retina , SolutionsABSTRACT
A study of the character of changes in melanoma cells "in vitro" subjected to successive beta-radiation and light energy of low intensity has revealed a more expressed loss of cells as compared with a "pure" ionizing action. Essential differences in the cells density in the monolayer appear already by the 3d-8th day and reach the maximum 2-3 weeks later. The dynamics of changes in the cells density isn't connected with the cellular type of the tumor and initial density isn't connected with the cellular type of the tumor and initial density of their distribution in the monolayer. The duration of the culture existence becomes shorter. If monolayers not subjected to the action perished after 54.0 +/- 6.2 days, after beta-radiation 35.2 +/- 2.4 days later, then after combined action they perished 17.2 +/- 2.6 days later. Thus, the effect was revealed that is actually opposite to a recently discovered phenomenon of photoreactivation of ionizing injury. Despite difficulty of interpreting possible mechanisms of the discovered phenomenon, it is already possible to suggest about its possibility to be used in treatment of pigmentary new formations.
Subject(s)
Melanoma/radiotherapy , Radiation Tolerance , Uveal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Beta Particles/therapeutic use , Color , Humans , Light , Melanoma/pathology , Time Factors , Tumor Cells, Cultured/pathology , Tumor Cells, Cultured/radiation effects , Uveal Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
By means of injecting soot into the vessels of the uveal tract of the rabbit eye the character of changes in the architectonics of the vascular bed in dynamics of the burn process could be detected. It was found that a burn trauma produces changes in practically the whole uveal tract, but to a greater extent, in its anterior segment. Reduction of blood filling of the vessels or their total segmentary "switching-off" is connected with the development of reversible (thrombosis, oedema of endotheliocytes and surrounding stroma, hemolysis) and irreversible (destruction of the vascular wall, obliteration of vessels) structural changes. The degree of disturbances in blood circulation and reversibility of these changes depend on the severity of the burn. In case of less severe burns, total structural restoration of the vascular network in the nearest time is recorded, while in severe burns--partial restoration with elements of vascular net reconstruction of adaptive character.
Subject(s)
Eye Burns/pathology , Uvea/blood supply , Animals , Histological Techniques , Rabbits , Staining and Labeling/methods , Uvea/pathologyABSTRACT
In experiments on 60 rabbits a correlative connection between the intensity and character of changes in hemodynamics, the level of intraocular pressure and severity of eye lesion has been established as well as the direct dependence between expressiveness and duration of reduction in blood circulation on severity of burn lesion. Burn disease of a mild and moderate degree was accompanied by expressed, but transitory reduction in the blood supply of the vascular tract within first hours after trauma. Signs of restoration of blood circulation intensity appeared already 24 hours after burn. In severe and extremely severe burns, hemodynamic disturbances were more expressed and longer. Inverse connection is established between changes in intraocular pressure and hemodynamics in the vascular tract of the eye in its burn trauma.
Subject(s)
Alkalies , Burns, Chemical/physiopathology , Eye Burns/chemically induced , Eye/blood supply , Hemodynamics , Animals , Eye Burns/physiopathology , Intraocular Pressure , Rabbits , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The paper describes peculiarities of changes in uveal melanomas after beta application. It is shown that the degree of changes depends on the intensity of action, the cellular type of the tumor and the degree of its pigmentation. The most radiosensitive proved to be spindle cell B, mixed and epithelioid melanomas. Less radiosensitive are pigmented tumourous cells. The most intensive postradiation changes, were characterized by development of long-term existence of coagulation necrosis, growing of cellular polymorphism, hyperploidy, polynucleosis, appearance of apoptosis. The study of the reaction of monolayer culture of uveal melanomas on beta application has confirmed different radiosensitivity of melanoma cells of a different kind as well as has revealed that the growing of cellular polymorphism is a morphologic manifestation of a postradiation degeneration. The degree of postradiation changes correlated with the duration of monolayer culture of the tumor.
Subject(s)
Melanoma/pathology , Uveal Neoplasms/pathology , Beta Particles/therapeutic use , Humans , Melanoma/radiotherapy , Radiation Tolerance , Radiotherapy Dosage , Time Factors , Tumor Cells, Cultured/pathology , Tumor Cells, Cultured/radiation effects , Uvea/pathology , Uvea/radiation effects , Uveal Neoplasms/radiotherapyABSTRACT
The paper presents data about changes in the immune status of patients with uveal melanoma in the process of organ-preserving treatment. The presence of 2 types of reaction on the treatment are shown. They are characterized by intensification or depression of the cellular immunity, in particular of its T-cellular link. The type of reaction depends on the initial state of the immune reactivity of the body, the size of the tumor and the type of the injurious factor. The increase of immune reactivity correlates with the best clinical outcomes of the treatment. This allows to use the determination of the immune status in prognosticating the outcome of treatment.
Subject(s)
Melanoma/immunology , Uveal Neoplasms/immunology , Antibody Formation/immunology , Beta Particles/therapeutic use , Choroid Neoplasms/immunology , Choroid Neoplasms/therapy , Ciliary Body , Combined Modality Therapy , Humans , Immunity, Cellular/immunology , Leukocyte Count , Light Coagulation , Melanoma/therapy , Uveal Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
Investigation of 121 uveal melanomas revealed three stages of postcoagulation changes: destruction connected with the immediate coagulating effect of the radiation (from 1 to 14 days after coagulation); inflammation and destruction changes displaying the antitumour immune response and accompanied by the increased functional activity of the survived melanoma cells (from 2 weeks till 2-4 months); fibrotization of the most damaged parts of melanoma tissue and structural and functional reorganization of some melanoma cells with the signs of their greater atypia. Melanomas of different cell type composition react to coagulation differently, this is manifested by the intensity, duration and reversibility of functional changes of tumour cells and also by the probability of their greater atypia.
Subject(s)
Light Coagulation , Melanoma/pathology , Uveal Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Melanoma/surgery , Necrosis , Postoperative Period , Time Factors , Uveal Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
Histological examinations of 508 uveal melanoblastomas revealed morphological features of cell-mediated immune response and signs of degeneration and necrosis in a large number of tumors. Both histochemical and ultrastructural studies indicated a high functional activity of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages infiltrating the tumors. The intensity of lymphocyte-plasma cell infiltration of melanoblastomas was found to depend on the cell type of the tumor, its size, and relation to the surrounding tissues. The results of the study suggest that spindle-cell type A melanoblastomas are the least immunogenic and mixed and epithelioid melanoblastomas are the most immunogenic. It has first been shown that the presence of lymphocyte-plasma cell infiltration in spindle-cell type B, mixed, and epithelioid melanoblastomas is an unfavourable prognostic sign.
