ABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of norovirus among children with acute gastroenteritis in 2009 and 2010. We also aimed that, to detecting the possible clinical and laboratory differences among cases in 2009 and 2010. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected from children under 16 years of age who were admitted for acute gastroenteritis. Norovirus was detected using immunochromatography. For the comparison of seasonal distribution, clinical manifestations, and laboratory results between cases, we divided subjects into two groups by year. RESULTS: Norovirus infection was detected in 112 of the 1027 collected samples (10.9%). In three cases with norovirus, other enteric viruses like rotavirus and adenovirus are detected concurrently, and these were excluded. After the exclusion of three cases with co-infections, statistical analysis was made in 109 cases. Most of the positive cases were between 1-24 months of age (N.=75, 67%). The rate of norovirus infection peaked in winter in 2010 (P<0.05). However, the rates were not significantly different between seasons in 2009 (P>0.05). We did not detect any positive cases in late summer and autumn in 2010. Diarrhea (97.2%), vomiting (95.4%), and abdominal pain (65.1%) were most frequently encountered symptoms of patients with norovirus. Leukocytosis and neutrophilia were significantly higher in 2010 than 2009 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence and clinical characteristics of norovirus in our study group is similar but seasonal distribution is different between two years. Most of the cases were <24 months of age. Like rotavirus, norovirus vaccine can be developed to prevent infection.
Subject(s)
Caliciviridae Infections/epidemiology , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Norovirus/isolation & purification , Abdominal Pain/epidemiology , Abdominal Pain/virology , Acute Disease , Age Distribution , Caliciviridae Infections/virology , Child , Child, Preschool , Diarrhea/epidemiology , Diarrhea/virology , Gastroenteritis/virology , Hospitalization , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Seasons , Vomiting/epidemiology , Vomiting/virologyABSTRACT
Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is an inherited syndrome characterized by reduced tissue responsiveness to thyroid hormones. The main defects are due to mutations in thyroid hormone receptor beta (TRbeta). A male, term neonate was admitted because of indirect hyperbilirubinemia and polycythemia. Physical examination revealed ophtalmopathy. High serum T4 with unsupressed thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels suggested RTH. In this presented case, A317T mutation was detected on exon 9 of the TRb-1 gene and precise diagnosis had been confirmed with genetic testing. In neonates and infants exhibiting hypo or hyperthyroidism features with increased circulating levels of thyroid hormones with a normal or increased serum TSH concentration should raise the suspicion of RTH.
Subject(s)
Mutation , Thyroid Hormone Receptors beta/genetics , Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndrome/genetics , Exons/genetics , Eye Diseases/genetics , Humans , Hyperbilirubinemia/genetics , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pedigree , Polycythemia/genetics , Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndrome/diagnosisABSTRACT
To determine regional percentile values and compare them with currently used national and international curves, we determined the birth weight, height and head and chest circumference of 3688 term neonates born in a state hospital in the Anatolian part of Istanbul, Turkey. Mean birth weight, height and head and chest circumference were 3334 (SD 494) g, 48.3 (SD 2.2) cm, 34.4 (SD 1.3) cm and 32.8 (1.9) cm respectively. For both boys and girls, the current Turkish national percentile curves overestimate the birth weight, height and head circumference at the 10th percentile. For boys, the national curves and those from the USA underestimate birth weight of neonates above the 90th percentile.
Subject(s)
Anthropometry/methods , Birth Weight , Body Height , Cephalometry/methods , Thorax/anatomy & histology , Bias , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hospitals, State , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Reference Values , Sex Characteristics , Socioeconomic Factors , Turkey , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
To determine regional percentile values and compare them with currently used national and international curves, we determined the birth weight, height and head and chest circumference of 3688 term neonates born in a state hospital in the Anatolian part of Istanbul, Turkey. Mean birth weight, height and head and chest circumference were 3334 [SD 494] g, 48.3 [SD 2.2] cm, 34.4 [SD 1.3] cm and 32.8 [1.9] cm respectively. For both boys and girls, the current Turkish national percentile curves overestimate the birth weight, height and head circumference at the 10th percentile. For boys, the national curves and those from the USA underestimate birth weight of neonates above the 90th percentile
Subject(s)
Term Birth , Infant, Newborn , Birth Weight , Reference Values , Cross-Sectional Studies , Body Weight , AnthropometryABSTRACT
Albumin infusions transiently increase plasma volume (PV) and oncotic pressure, and may restore diuretic responsiveness in nephrotic edema. To determine if albumin and furosemide therapy have an effect on PV in nephrotic children, 14 severely edematous children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome were evaluated with standard clinical parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, body weight, pretibial edema, abdominal circumference) and echocardiography [inferior vena cava index (IVCI), inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI)] before, 1 h and 24 h after albumin (20%, 0.5 g/kg, 1 h) and furosemide (2 mg/kg, i.v.) therapy. An increase in IVCI (P < 0.05), decrease in IVCCI (P < 0.05), edema (P < 0.005), and hematocrit (P < 0.005) were statistically significant 1 h after albumin and furosemide therapy, with a transient effect 24 h later. Body weight (P < 0.005), abdominal circumference (P < 0.05), and edema (P < 0.005) decreased significantly at 24 h. It is concluded that albumin and furosemide therapy increases PV transiently in nephrotic edema, returning to baseline values at 24 h with a decrease in body weight, abdominal circumference, and edema.
