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1.
Rev. argent. dermatol ; 104: 51-60, ene. 2023. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1529613

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La rosácea es una dermatosis inflamatoria crónica de la piel, caracterizada por la presencia de eritema, telangiectasias, pápulas y pústulas en la región centro facial. Dentro de sus variantes, la forma granulomatosa es un cuadro clínico comunicado con escasa frecuencia en la infancia. Se presenta una paciente de sexo femenino, de 9 años de edad, quien presenta enrojecimiento facial y lesiones quísticas de tamañosvariables. Se decide realizar biopsia cutánea profunda, en la que se observó en lámina histológica, con técnica de H-E, al 40X: infiltrado inflamatorio severo perivascular superficial y profundo, a predominio linfo-plasmocitario, leucocitos polimorfonucleares e histiocitos, formando granulomas. Se instaura tratamiento tópico y sistémico, con resolución satisfactoria del cuadro clínico, con lo que mejora su calidad de vida.


ABSTRACT Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis of the skin, characterized by the presence of erythema, telangiectasias, papules and pustules in the central facial region. Among its variants, the granulomatous form is a clinical picture rarely reported in childhood. A 9-year-old female patient is presented, who presents facial redness and cystic lesions of variable sizes, it was decided to perform a deep skin biopsy where it was observed in histological plate, with the H-E technique, at 40X; Superficial and deep perivascular severe inflammatory infiltrate, predominantly lymphoplasmacytic, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and histiocytes, forming granulomas. Topical and systemic treatment was established with satisfactory resolution of the clinical picture, improving their quality of life.

2.
Rev. argent. dermatol ; 100(3): 1-15, set. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057377

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica (OCT) ha sido recientemente muy usada en diversas patologías de piel. Es una técnica no invasiva para la investigación morfológica de los tejidos, comparable con una biopsia virtual, capaz de generar imágenes en sección transversal de la microestructura del tejido; esta técnica se basa principalmente en el esparcimiento de la luz en los medios a estudiar y gracias a las fibras de colágeno hace que pueda utilizarse en la piel. Con el uso de OCT, es posible caracterizar la morfología normal y patológica de la piel, similar a la arquitectura del tejido que se observa en la histología de rutina, así como la progresión de la enfermedad, la cual se puede investigar in situ. Representa un enfoque no traumático y eficiente en el tiempo para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de un amplio número de enfermedades dermatológicas.


SUMMARY The Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has recently been widely used in various skin pathologies. It is a non-invasive technique for the morphological research of tissues, comparable with a virtual biopsy, capable of generating cross-sectional images of the tissue microstructure; this technique is based mainly on the scattering of light in the media to be studied and thanks to the collagen fibers it can be used on the skin. With the use of OTC, it is possible to characterize the normal and pathological morphology of the skin, similar to the tissue architecture observed in routine histology, as well as the progression of the disease which can be investigated in situ. Representing a non-traumatic and time-efficient approach for the diagnosis and monitoring of a large number of dermatological diseases.

3.
Rev. argent. dermatol ; 100(3): 71-80, set. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057385

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El Liquen Plano Pigmentado es una dermatosis crónica frecuente de etiología aún desconocida, caracterizada clínicamente por la presencia de pápulas purpúreas, poligonales, pruriginosasdistribuidas en forma simétrica. ElLiquen Plano Pigmentado representa una de todas las variantes clínicas, cuya característica histológica distintiva es la incontinencia de pigmento melánico. Su curso es autolimitado pues se resuelve en un período de meses a años, pero puede persistir indefinidamente. Existen múltiples opciones de tratamiento, que incluyen corticoides tópicos, intralesionales y sistémicos, retinoides, fototerapia, inmunomoduladores tópicos y, en casos graves o resistentes al tratamiento, la ciclosporina, metotrexato. La dermatoscopía es una técnica auxiliar de diagnóstico no invasivaque permite incrementar la certeza diagnóstica en diversasenfermedades cutáneas; en el caso del Liquen Plano Pigmentado se observa la lesión clásica que consiste en una pápula poligonal aplanada, de tonalidad eritemato-violácea que suele tener finas escamas adherentes en la superficie,denominadasestrías de Wickham, queconsisten en estructuras polimórficas blanquecinas y que corresponden histológicamente a zonas de ortoqueratosis.Es una herramienta de gran utilidad para el diagnóstico de estas lesiones.


ABSTRACT The Pigmented Flat Lichen is a frequent chronic dermatosis of etiology still unknown, clinically characterized by the presence of purpuric, polygonal, pruritic papules distributed symmetrically. The Pigmented Flat Lichen represents one of all clinical variants, where the distinctive histological feature is melanin pigment incontinence. Its course is self-limited, it resolves over a period of months to years, but it can persist indefinitely. There are multiple treatment options that include topical, intralesional and systemic corticosteroids, retinoids, phototherapy, topical immunomodulators and in severe or resistant cases to treatment, cyclosporine, methotrexate. Dermatoscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic auxiliary technique that allows accelerating diagnostic certainty in various skin diseases; in the case of the Pigmented Flat Lichen, the classic lesion is observed, consisting of a flattened polygonal papule, with an erythematous-violet hue that usually has fine adherent scales on the surface, called Wickham striae, which consists of whitish polymorphic structures and that corresponds histologically to areas of orthokeratosis. It is a very useful tool for the diagnosis of these lesions.

4.
Rev. argent. dermatol ; 99(2): 1-10, jun. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-957913

ABSTRACT

El microscopio es un instrumento, que desde hace muchos años es herramienta diagnóstica en Dermatología. La evolución del microscopio ha ido en sinergia con el avance de la tecnología, siendo el desarrollo de imágenes microscópicas digitalizadas, fuente de estudio en la época actual. El uso de estas imágenes en Dermatología ha permitido realizar diagnósticos en tiempo real; situación que vence la celeridad diagnóstica y aminora tanto para el médico como para el paciente, la lentitud de otras técnicas. El conocimiento sobre los diferentes métodos que se utilizan actualmente, para confirmar diagnósticos de enfermedades cutáneas, como: la dermatoscopía, la dermatoscopía multiespectral y la microscopía confocal de reflectancia, son imprescindibles para la formación del dermatólogo de hoy en día, ya que, con ellos se resumen pasos para el manejo definitivo de los pacientes. Con esta disertación, realizaremos un breve análisis de la historia de la microscopía, desde sus inicios hasta la era digital y los beneficios que se obtienen, con el uso de cada una de estas técnicas diagnósticas.


The microscope, is an instrument that for many years is used as a diagnostic tool in Dermatology. The evolution of the microscope has gone in synergy with the advancement of technology, being the development of digitized microscopic images a source of study and research in the present time. The use of these images in Dermatology has carried out diagnoses in real time; situation that overcomes the diagnostic speed and reduces for both the doctor and the patient the slowness of other techniques. The knowledge about the different methods currently used to confirm skin diseases, such as dermatoscopy, multispectral dermoscopy and confocal reflectance microscopy, is essential for the formation of today's dermatologist, since they summarize the steps for the definitive management of patients. With this dissertation, we will make a brief analysis of the history of microscopy from its beginnings to the digital age, and the benefits obtained with the use of each of these diagnostic techniques.

5.
Rev. argent. dermatol ; 98(4): 1-10, dic. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-897387

ABSTRACT

La lógica dermatológica, ha encontrado el rompimiento de los paradigmas semiológicos, desde la incorporación de la imagen digital al estudio de las lesiones de piel, características como: forma, límites, contraste, estructura y profundidad están ligadas al color. Su percepción puede objetivarse, con la ayuda de instrumentos como el dermato-colorímetro, el derma-espectrofotómetro e inclusive el dermatoscopio digital, que permiten corregir los errores de metamerismo. En esta disertación pretendemos abrir nuevas ideas, sobre la importancia de estudiar el color de la piel más allá del fototipo cutáneo, así como, reconocer el color estructurado como una variante de la semiología pigmentaria y la incorporación del estudio heurístico, en el diseño de modelos enseñanza-aprendizaje para los programas de Dermatología.


The dermatological logic study has found breaking out paradigms since the introduction of digital imaging for the study of skin disease, features like shape, boundaries, contrast, depth and structure are related to color, color perception can be objectified through instruments such as derm-colorimeter, derm-spectrophotometer and even digital dermatoscopy, which can correct the metamerism phenomenon. In this dissertation, we intend to open mind and give new ideas about the importance of studying the skin color beyond the skin phototype, recognize the structured color as a variant of the semiology of color, as well as the incorporation of models of study design teaching-learning heuristic for dermatology programs.

6.
J Appl Microbiol ; 120(6): 1691-700, 2016 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26913982

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Several studies have suggested that abnormalities in the small-intestinal microbiota might be involved in the development or the pathogenesis of celiac disease (CD). The objective of this study was to characterize and compare the composition of the duodenal microbiota between CD patients and non-CD controls. METHOD AND RESULTS: Bacterial communities were identified by pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA extracted from duodenal biopsies. The sequences analysis showed that the majority of the reads were classified within two phyla: Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Bacterial richness and diversity were higher in non-CD controls than in untreated CD patients, but the differences were not statistically significant. The principal coordinates analysis revealed that bacterial communities of non-CD controls and untreated CD patients were dispersed without forming a clear group according to diagnosis of CD. CONCLUSIONS: There are no statistically significant differences in the upper small intestinal composition of bacterial communities between untreated CD patients and non-CD controls. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This pyrosequencing analysis reveals a global picture of the duodenal microbiota that could be useful in future trials investigating the role of the microbiota in CD.


Subject(s)
Bacteria/isolation & purification , Celiac Disease/microbiology , Duodenum/microbiology , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Adult , Bacteria/classification , Bacteria/genetics , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Intestine, Small/microbiology , Male , Middle Aged
8.
Rev Gastroenterol Mex ; 80(3): 192-7, 2015.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26021939

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The presence of a family history implies an increased risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC), and may require a different screening strategy. The aim of this study was to evaluate lesions found during colonoscopies of patients that had a family history of CRC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted that included consecutive colonoscopies performed on patients with a family history of CRC at a referral center within the period from April 2000 to January 2012. The colonoscopic findings were analyzed in relation to sex, age, and the presence or absence of symptoms. RESULTS: Data from 3,792 colonoscopies were collected. The mean age of the patients was 53.14 years (SD 12.22), and 57.4% were women. Colonoscopy was normal in 71.7% of the cases, with hyperplastic polyps being detected in 7.1%, and adenomatous polyps in 19.8% (39.4% of them were high risk). There was a 1.5% presence of adenocarcinomas in the subjects. Polyps and CRC were predominant in men (P=.001 and P=.027, respectively) and there was a linear increase with age. Symptomatic patients had a higher CRC detection rate (P<.001), but no differences were observed in relation to polyp diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Age and male sex increased the risk for presenting with CRC or adenomas in the group of patients with a family history of CRC, and the presence of symptoms was associated with a greater risk for presenting with CRC.


Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/methods , Adenocarcinoma/diagnostic imaging , Adenoma/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Colonic Polyps/diagnostic imaging , Colonoscopy , Family , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors
9.
Rev. Asoc. Esp. Espec. Med. Trab ; 22(2): 78-90, jun. 2013.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-114266

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: El modelo para la cuantificación del riesgo laboral y valoración de la aptitud de las personas que trabajan y padecen cefaleas, se ha diseñado para ayudar a los médicos en la toma de decisiones, ante un trabajador o trabajadora con estos problemas de salud respecto a su actividad laboral. El modelo intenta valorar el impacto del problema de salud en el trabajo, y sobre todo las posibles repercusiones de los factores de riesgo laborales cuando se da ese problema de salud, de forma tal, que permita cuantificar el riesgo y determinar su compatibilidad o no con las tareas desempeñadas. Métodos: El proyecto ha sido desarrollado por el Grupo de Trabajo sobre cefaleas en el ámbito laboral de la Comunidad Valenciana, promovido por la Administración Sanitaria y para su elaboración ha requerido del trabajo conjunto de profesionales sanitarios y apoyo informático. Resultados: La herramienta informática obtenida recoge las principales variables de las condiciones de trabajo, las de la persona que trabaja, incluyendo los aspectos clínicos del problema de salud y los efectos positivos y negativos derivados de los tratamientos prescritos. Ponderando esas variables, permite cuantificar el riesgo y ver las necesidades de adaptación, u otras medidas necesarias para minimizarlo. Conclusiones: El modelo resultante facilita la evaluación de la aptitud de cualquier persona con cefalea que trabaja en cualquier puesto. Al utilizar el mismo método, contribuye a la equidad reduciendo la subjetividad en las valoraciones para los dictámenes médicos y posibilita los necesarios estudios colectivos (AU)


Objective: The model to measure occupational risk and assess the ability of the people who work and suffer from headaches has been designed to assist physicians when taking decisions towards a worker having such health problems in their professional life. The model tries to assess the impact of the health problem at work and above all, the potential impact of occupational risk factors when the health condition converges, so, it allows to quantify the risk and determine compatibility or not in the performed tasks. Methods: The project has been developed by the Working group about headaches at workplace of Valencian Community, promoted by the health administration and its preparation has required the joint effort of health professionals and computer support. Results: The obtained computer tool includes the main variables of the working conditions, those from the working person, including the clinical aspects of the health problem and the positive and negative effects resulting from prescribed treatments. Weighing these variables, it allows to quantify the risk and see adaptation needs, or other measures necessary to minimize it. Conclusions: The resulting model facilitates the evaluation of the aptitude of the person with headache to work at any place. By using the same method, it contributes to the equity by reducing the subjectivity in assessments for medical reports and enables the necessary collective studies (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Headache/epidemiology , Work Capacity Evaluation , Migraine Disorders/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Accident Prevention/methods , Occupational Health
10.
Rev. esp. investig. quir ; 15(2): 64-70, abr.-jun. 2012. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-101811

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS. El tipo de linfadenectomía en la cirugía curativa del cácer gástrico sigue siendo tema de controversia.Nuestro objetivo fue analizar la influencia del tipo de linfadenectomía en la supervivencia a largo plazo en los pacientescon cáncer gástrico, sometidos a cirugía con intención curativa. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Se realiza un estudio retrospectivo, con fases de prospectivo sobre 454 pacientes sometidos a cirugía por adenocarcinoma gástrico para analizar la influencia de la linfadenectomía tipo II en la supervivencia de los pacientes tratados con intención curativa. RESULTADOS. Se incluyeron 454 pacientes, 264 varones y 190 mujeres, con una edad media de 70 años. Se llevaron a cabo un 45,2% de gastrectomías subtotales, 35,3% de gastrectomías totales y un 19,6% cirugía paliativa. Del grupo de cirugía curativa, se realizaron un 65,3% de linfadenectomía tipo II y un 34,7% de linfadenectomía tipo I. En el análisis de regresiónlogística la linfadenectomía tipo II se comportó como un factor protector 0,3 (0,1-0,750), resultado similar si se aplica la regresión de Cox 0,5 (0,4-0,8). El sexo, la edad, los estadios III y IV, la localización y el número de adenopatías infiltradas se comportaron como factores de mal pronóstico en el cáncer gástrico. La supervivencia global de los pacientes tratados concirugía curativa fue de 34% a 5 años y 23% a 10 años. CONCLUSIONES. El pronóstico del cáncer gástrico sigue siendo a día de hoy bastante pobre. La supervivencia global a los 5años supera ligeramente el tercio de los pacientes intervenidos con intención curativa. La linfadenectomía tipo II se comportacomo un factor independiente que mejora la supervivencia a largo plazo (AU)


INTRODUCTION AND AIMS. The type of lymphadenectomy in the surgery of gastric cancer is not clearly defined. Our aim was to evaluate long term prognosis of patients with gastric cancer who underwent curative surgery and the influence of the type of lymphadenectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We performed a retrospective study with prospective phases of 454 patients who underwent surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma to analyze the influence of type II lymphadenectomy in gastric cancersurvival in patients treated with curative intention. RESULTS. A total of 454 patients, 264 men and 190 women, averaging 70 years of age. It held 45.2% of subtotal gastrectomy. 35.3% of total gastrectomy and 19.6% palliative surgery. In curative surgery group, 65.3% were type II lymphadenectomyand 34.7% lymphadenectomy type I. In the logistic regression analysis type II lymphadenectomy acted as a protective factor 0.3 (0.1 to 0.750), similar results if applied Cox regression 0.5 (0.4-0.8). Sex, age, stage III and IV, the location and number of infiltrated lymph nodes behaved as a prognostic factors in gastric cancer. Overall survival of patients treated with curativesurgery was 34% at 5 years and 23% at 10 years. CONCLUSIONS. The prognosis of gastric cancer remains a very poor today. Overall survival at 5 years exceeds one third of thepatients operated with curative intent. Lymphadenectomy type II behaves as an independent factor which improves long-termsurvival (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery , Survival Rate , Mortality , Neoplasm Metastasis/prevention & control , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/prevention & control , Risk Factors
11.
Rev. esp. investig. quir ; 14(4): 203-207, oct.-dic. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-99574

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN. El cáncer gástrico sigue siendo hoy en día uno de los cánceres más frecuentes con aproximadamente 870.000 nuevos casos y 650.000 muertes cada año. OBJETIVO. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar la mortalidad en el postoperatorio inmediato y las variables asociadas. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Estudio retrospectivo, con fases de prospectivo sobre 454 pacientes sometidos a cirugía por adenocarcinoma gástrico. RESULTADOS. Se incluyeron un total de 454 pacientes, 264 varones y 190 mujeres. Pico de mayor incidencia en la séptima década de la vida, con una media de 70 años y una desviación típica de 10 y rango de 30 a 92 años. En ella se expone que un 76% de los tumores presentaron localización baja (cuerpo-antro), frente a un 22% localización alta (cardias-fundus). Se realizaron 45,2% de gastrectomías subtotales. 35,3% de gastrectomías totales y un 19,6% (laparotomía y gastroyeyunostomía). Se encontró afectación ganglionar en 249 pacientes (54,8%), metástasis hepáticas en 8,1% y en un 15,4% metástasis peritoneales. En este estudio el porcentaje de exitus en el postoperatorio fue de 10,1% del total de pacientes frente a un 8,7% en el de cirugía curativa. La edad, la esplenectomía y el estadio IV obtuvieron resultados significativos en el análisis multivariante. CONCLUSIONES. El estadio IV, la realización de esplenectomía y la edad se asocian de forma independiente con mayor mortalidad en el postoperatorio inmediato. Estas tres variables son predictivas, de forma independiente, de la mortalidad en el postoperatorio (AU)


INTRODUCCIÓN. Gastric cancer remains today one of the most common cancers with approximately 870,000 new cases and 650,000 deaths each year. OBJECTIVE. The study aims to analyze mortality in the immediate postoperative period and associated variables. METHODS. Retrospective study with prospective phases of 454 patients undergoing surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma. RESULTS. A total of 454 patients, 264 men and 190 women. There is a higher incidence peak in the seventh decade of life, with an average of 70 years and a standard deviation of 10 and range 30 to 92 years. It shows that 76% of tumors had low location (body-antrum), compared with 22% upper localization (cardia-fundus). 45.2% were performed subtotal gastrectomy, total gastrectomy 35.3% and 19.6% (laparotomy and gastrojejunostomy). Lymph node was found in 249 patients (54.8%), liver metastases in 8.1% and peritoneal metastases in 15.4%. In this study, the percentage of exitus in the postoperative period was 10.1% of patients compared to 8.7% for curative surgery. Age, splenectomy and stage IV results were significant in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS. Stage IV, the performance of splenectomy and age were independently associated with increased mortality in the immediate postoperative period. These three variables are predictive, independently of mortality in postoperatory (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery , Gastrectomy , Retrospective Studies , Splenectomy
12.
Eye (Lond) ; 24(1): 36-43, 2010 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19300463

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To explore the utility of a specific immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a population of immunosuppressed idiopathic chronic posterior uveitis patients, by means of a tuberculosis-specific interferon-gamma release assay. DESIGN: Prospective, interventional case series. METHODS: A total of 31 referred patients with severe idiopathic chronic uveitis or panuveitis and 52 controls were screened for a specific immune response to tuberculosis. After ruling-out specific uveitis entities, presumed tuberculosis-related uveitis was initially considered when ophthalmologic findings were consistent with tubercular uveitis, and a specific immune response to M. tuberculosis confirmed by QuantiFERON, despite inability to detect M. tuberculosis. Clinical responses to antitubercular treatment were recorded. RESULTS: The prevalence of an immune response to M. tuberculosis was 15.38% in controls and 32.25% in uveitis patients (OR=2.619, P=0.07). Two patients were QuantiFERON indeterminate (6.4%). After excluding seven specific uveitis entities (OR=3.66, P=0.03), eight QuantiFERON-positive and one QuanTIFERON-negative uveitis patients were initially treated for presumed tuberculosis-related uveitis. All but one had no evidence of active systemic involvement. None had been previously diagnosed with tuberculosis, but unsuccessfully treated with immunosuppressors. After a 9-month tuberculostatic treatment, seven QuantiFERON -positive and one QuantiFERON-negative patients exhibited decreased intraocular inflammation, visual acuity improvement, and no relapses. Estimated QuantiFERON sensitivity and specificity were 82 and 100%, respectively, with a PPV=100% and an NPV=86%. CONCLUSIONS: QuantiFERON was useful for antituberculous treatment decision-making in chronic posterior uveitis immunosuppressed patients from areas with an intermediate-high prevalence of tuberculosis.


Subject(s)
Interferon-gamma/blood , Latent Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology , Tuberculin Test , Tuberculosis, Ocular/diagnosis , Uveitis/immunology , Adult , Aged , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Latent Tuberculosis/immunology , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Tuberculosis, Ocular/immunology , Uveitis/microbiology
13.
Rev. Hosp. Matern. Infant. Ramon Sarda ; 27(4): 152-154, 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-572746

ABSTRACT

Estudio transversal sobre problemas conductuales/socioemocionales y el desarrollo en niños nacidos con peso menor a 1500 gramos entre 3 y 5 años, controlados en el Programa de Seguimiento de Prematuros del Hospital Materno-Infantil “Ramón Sardá”. El desenvolvimiento se ve restringido por el riesgo biológico más las condiciones ambientales y emocionales, siendo influido negativamente por la inestabilidad afectiva. La limitación intelectual originada en etapas tempranas es causa importante de deserción escolar. No existen prácticamente medidas generalizadas para cuidar a los niños pequeños por parte de las instituciones, por lo que es imprescindible diseñar estrategias para modificar dicha situación. A través del empleo del Inventario de problemas conductuales y socioemocionales para niños entre 3 y 5 años (IPCS, Rodríguez, S. et al), el test de Graffar (encuesta social simplificada) y el "Test de Desarrollo Infantil de 2 a 5 años" (TEPSI, Hauessler, M. et al) se logró identificar tempranamente problemas en las díadas estudiadas.


It is a cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive and analytical study in which mothers were invited to participate in an interview with their children to identify development, behavioral and socioemotional problems in children from 3 to 5 years old attending at the “Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sardá”. We used semiquantitative and semiqualitative methods. The cognitive development of our children is limited by the environmental and the emotional risk conditions. The affective inestability influence negatively on the children development. Intellectual limitations occurred early in life is a common cause of dropping school. It is vital to implement different strategies to modify this situation. We employed the Inventario de problemas conductuales y socioemocionales para niños entre 3 y 5 años (IPCS, Rodríguez, S. el. al), Graffar's Test (social simplified survey) and the Test de Desarrollo Infantil (TEPSI, Hauessler, M. et al).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Affective Symptoms , Child Development/physiology , Infant, Premature , Mental Disorders , Argentina , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Follow-Up Studies , Hospitals, Maternity , Hospitals, Municipal , Psychological Tests , Socialization , Socioeconomic Factors
14.
Rev. Hosp. Matern. Infant. Ramon Sarda ; 27(4): 155-158, 2008. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-572747

ABSTRACT

El riesgo de alteraciones en el neurodesarrollo es elevado en prematuros de muy bajo peso al nacer, más si se asocia a riesgo ambiental. Su monitoreo interdisciplinario a largo plazo permite disminuir su vulnerabilidad, detectar handicaps, vehiculizar su resolución y/o tratamiento y mejorar su evolución. Se presenta un estudio descriptivo, analítico y transversal que se refiere al desarrollo psicomotor de niños de 3 años controlados en el Programa de Seguimiento de la Maternidad “Ramón Sardá”. Se relaciona el Puntaje Total de Desarrollo del Test de Desarrollo Psicomotor Infantil de 2 a 5 años (TEPSI, Haeussler M. et al.) con morbilidad temprana y factores socioculturales. La muestra incluyó a 56 niños nacidos durante 2000-2001 a la edad promedio de 3 años. Se analizaron datos de morbilidad perinatal (peso de nacimiento, edad gestacional, patologías severas) y socioculturales (edad y educación materna, crianza sola, estabilidad laboral y nivel socio-económico). Se excluyeron niños con síndromes genéticos o infecciones intrauterinas. Resultados: en el 76 por ciento (43/56) del TEPSI (>=40), 87,5 por ciento. (49/56) en Coordinación, 73 por ciento (41/56) en Lenguaje y 68 por ciento (38/56) en Motora los puntajes fueron normales. Hubo asociación significativa entre DBP o ROP y bajo score en el TEPSI. Conclusiones: Algunas patologías severas casi exclusivas de prematuros, más frecuentes a menor edad gestacional y no resueltas al alta neonatal, comprometen el desarrollo y se relacionan significativamente con Puntaje TEPSI en riesgo/retraso (<40) y probables problemas durante la escolaridad que requieren programas de intervención adecuados.


The risk of neurodevelopment deficiencies is high in very low birth weight premature infants, especially if they are environmentally challenged. These children require a multidisciplinary approach to detect their vulnerability and disabilities, as well as for better diagnosis and treatment, and in the long run to improve their development. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between the psychomotor development, birth morbidity (birth weight, gestational age and severe diseases) and socio-cultural factors (mother' s age, mother' s level of education, single mother, working income, uncovered basic needs). This descriptive cross sectional study included 56, 2 to 5 year old preterm children who were born in 2000-2001 and were participating in a follow up program at this hospital (HMIRS). Children with genetics syndromes and intrauterine infections were excluded. The psychomotor test used was Test de Desarrollo Psicomotor Infantil de 2 a 5 años (TEPSI, Haeussler M. y cols.). Results: 76 per cent of the children obtained a normal TEPSI score (>=40). The score was normal for coordination, speech and motor are as in 87.5 per cent, 73 per cent, and 68 per cent respectively. There was a significant association between DBP or ROP and a low TEPSI score. Conclusions: Certain pathologies are unique to premature children. The lower the gestational age the greater their prevalence. These affect the children development and are significantly associated to TEPSI lower scores, and may predict learning problems in the long run. Therefore, an adequate and early intervention is required.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child Development , Infant, Premature , Motor Skills Disorders/diagnosis , Motor Skills Disorders/epidemiology , Motor Skills Disorders/therapy , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/epidemiology , Cognition Disorders/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Infant, Premature, Diseases/epidemiology , Follow-Up Studies , Hospitals, Maternity , Hospitals, Municipal , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Perinatal Care , Psychological Tests , Psychomotor Performance , Socioeconomic Factors
15.
Surg Endosc ; 20(7): 1083-7, 2006 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16703436

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Malignant gastrointestinal obstruction is a secondary complication of cancers in an advanced state. Treatment has consisted of gastrojejunostomy. However, the endoscopic placement of metallic stents has provided positive results. This study aimed to compare the efficiency of both therapeutic options. METHODS: A total of 41 patients with gastrointestinal obstruction caused by inoperable neoplasm were treated endoscopically with enteral stent (24 patients) or gastrojejunostomy (17 patients). RESULTS: In the endoscopic group (EG) 24 patients (100%) achieved efficient gastric emptying, as compared with 82.3% in the surgical group (SG). The difference was not significant. The average time for initiating oral food tolerance was 2.4 days for the EG and 5 days for the SG (p < 0.001). The average inpatient time was 7.1 days for the EG and 11.5 days for the SG (p < 0.001). Mortality at 30 days was lower in the EG (16.6%) than in the SG (29.4%) (p < 0.05). The survival time was 20 weeks for the EG and 21.6 weeks for the SG. The difference was not significant. The rate of complications was 4% in the (EG) and 17.6% in the (SG), with the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic treatment of malignant gastrointestinal obstruction provides an adequate palliation of the symptoms. It is less invasive, avoids the morbidity associated with open gastrojejunostomy, and achieves a faster start to oral food and a shorter hospital stay, leading to a higher quality of life.


Subject(s)
Gastric Outlet Obstruction/surgery , Gastroscopy , Palliative Care , Stents , Aged , Female , Gastric Outlet Obstruction/etiology , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/complications , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies
16.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 28(8): 437-440, oct. 2005. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-040994

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: Los anticuerpos antitransglutaminasa tisular IgA (ATGA) se han propuesto como una prueba válida para el diagnóstico y el seguimiento de la enfermedad celíaca. Objetivo: Comparar la eficacia de los ATGA con los distintos anticuerpos clásicamente utilizados en el diagnóstico. Material y método: Se seleccionó a los pacientes sometidos a una biopsia duodenal por sospecha de enfermedad celíaca y a los que simultáneamente se realizó una serología completa en el momento del diagnóstico, en la que se incluyó anticuerpos antiendomisio IgA, ATGA, antigliadina IgG e IgA. Se estableció el valor diagnóstico de cada uno de ellos en función del diagnóstico final, se tomó como patrón la biopsia intestinal. Resultados: Se seleccionó a 122 pacientes con biopsia duodenal y marcadores serológicos para enfermedad celíaca; 36 eran niños (< 14 años) y 86 eran adultos. Se diagnosticó 41 casos, de los que 26 eran niños y 15 adultos. De los 15 adultos solamente 2 (13%) presentaban una clínica de malabsorción típica. La sensibilidad y la especificidad de los ATGA fueron del 100 y el 98%, respectivamente, comparadas con las de los anticuerpos antiendomisio IgA (el 97 y el 98%), de la antigliadina IgA (el 85 y el 97%) y de la antigliadina IgG (el 97 y el 92%). Conclusiones: Los ATGA presentan un elevado rendimiento diagnóstico en la enfermedad celíaca. Pueden ser de utilidad como prueba de cribado para seleccionar a los candidatos a biopsia duodenal


Background: Anti-transglutaminase antibodies have been proposed as a useful tool in the diagnosis and follow-up of celiac disease. Aim: To compare anti-transglutaminase antibodies with the classical antibodies used to diagnose celiac disease. Material and method: Patients who underwent duodenal biopsy for suspected celiac disease were selected if they had the following serum antibody samples: antiendomysial IgA, anti-transglutaminase IgA, antigliadin IgG, and antigliadin IgA. A diagnostic value of each of these antibodies was established according to the final diagnosis, taking the duodenal biopsy as the reference. Results: One hundred twenty-two patients with duodenal biopsy and serologic markers for celiac disease were selected. Thirty-six patients were children (< 14 years-old) and 86 were adults. A diagnosis of celiac disease was made in 41 patients (26 children and 15 adults). Of the 15 adults, only 2 (13%) presented typical malabsorption syndrome. The sensitivity and specificity of anti-transglutaminase antibodies was 100% and 98% respectively compared with values of 97% and 98% for antiendomysial IgA, 85% and 97% for antigliadin IgA, and 97% and 92% for antigliadin IgG antibodies. Conclusions: The diagnostic value of anti-transglutaminase antibodies is high in celiac disease. These antibodies may be useful as a screening test to select candidates for duodenal biopsy


Subject(s)
Humans , Autoantibodies/immunology , Autoantigens/immunology , Celiac Disease/diagnosis , Immunoglobulin A/immunology , Transglutaminases/immunology , GTP-Binding Proteins/immunology , Antibody Specificity , Atrophy , Biopsy , Celiac Disease/immunology , Celiac Disease/pathology , Duodenum/pathology , Gliadin/immunology , Hyperplasia , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/immunology , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/ultrastructure , Sensitivity and Specificity , Predictive Value of Tests
17.
Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 28(8): 437-40, 2005 Oct.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16185576

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Anti-transglutaminase antibodies have been proposed as a useful tool in the diagnosis and follow-up of celiac disease. AIM: To compare anti-transglutaminase antibodies with the classical antibodies used to diagnose celiac disease. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Patients who underwent duodenal biopsy for suspected celiac disease were selected if they had the following serum antibody samples: antiendomysial IgA, anti-transglutaminase IgA, antigliadin IgG, and antigliadin IgA. A diagnostic value of each of these antibodies was established according to the final diagnosis, taking the duodenal biopsy as the reference. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-two patients with duodenal biopsy and serologic markers for celiac disease were selected. Thirty-six patients were children (< 14 years-old) and 86 were adults. A diagnosis of celiac disease was made in 41 patients (26 children and 15 adults). Of the 15 adults, only 2 (13%) presented typical malabsorption syndrome. The sensitivity and specificity of anti-transglutaminase antibodies was 100% and 98% respectively compared with values of 97% and 98% for antiendomysial IgA, 85% and 97% for antigliadin IgA, and 97% and 92% for antigliadin IgG antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic value of anti-transglutaminase antibodies is high in celiac disease. These antibodies may be useful as a screening test to select candidates for duodenal biopsy.


Subject(s)
Autoantibodies/immunology , Autoantigens/immunology , Celiac Disease/diagnosis , GTP-Binding Proteins/immunology , Immunoglobulin A/immunology , Transglutaminases/immunology , Adult , Antibody Specificity , Atrophy , Biopsy , Celiac Disease/immunology , Celiac Disease/pathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Duodenum/pathology , Female , Gliadin/immunology , Humans , Hyperplasia , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/immunology , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/ultrastructure , Predictive Value of Tests , Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2 , Sensitivity and Specificity
18.
Rev. Hosp. Matern. Infant. Ramon Sarda ; 24(3): 110-116, 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-942

ABSTRACT

Se describe la influencia negativa que tienen los ambientes deficitarios sobre el desarrollo psicosocial y los aspectos físicos de la salud. Las familias argentinas en la actualidad son deprivadas socio-culturalmente, y los niños presentan trastornos del desarrollo y de aprendizaje, existiendo una mayor incidencia de accidentes en esta población vulnerable. Se plantea la importancia de abordar el cuidado de la salud infantil en forma integral desde los primeros momentos de la vida (cruciales para su futuro), valorando la etiología orgánica y la ambiental. A fin de mejorar la asistencia y prevención, se sugiere incluir, a través de actividades de educación para la salud, tres ejes en la tarea asistencial cotidiana respecto a la calidad y sobrevida infantil: evaluación del desarrollo; plan de intervención oportuna (sugerencias prácticas y sencillas para enriquecer la experiencia infantil); prevención de accidentes. Se proponen actividades conjuntas con programas existentes en servicios de salud y centros de cuidados y enseñanza de niños pequeños sobre prevención, detección precoz de déficits y atención de los niños con desfasajes en su desarrollo, a través de: a. Elaboración de cartillas con contenidos escritos sobre plan de intervención oportuna para menores de dos años y cuidados para evitar accidentes, que se entregarán en las consultas en salud por el equipo médico. b. Campañas en medios de difusión (radios, TV, medios gráficos, etc.) con una consigna periódica común con los centros de salud, cuidados y enseñanza de pequeños, basadas en los contenidos del material que se entrega en cada consulta. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Psychomotor Disorders/etiology , Learning Disabilities/etiology , Accident Prevention , Poverty/psychology , Poverty/statistics & numerical data , Child Development , Primary Health Care , Child Health , Health Education/methods
19.
Rev. Hosp. Matern. Infant. Ramon Sarda ; 24(3): 110-116, 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-419589

ABSTRACT

Se describe la influencia negativa que tienen los ambientes deficitarios sobre el desarrollo psicosocial y los aspectos físicos de la salud. Las familias argentinas en la actualidad son deprivadas socio-culturalmente, y los niños presentan trastornos del desarrollo y de aprendizaje, existiendo una mayor incidencia de accidentes en esta población vulnerable. Se plantea la importancia de abordar el cuidado de la salud infantil en forma integral desde los primeros momentos de la vida (cruciales para su futuro), valorando la etiología orgánica y la ambiental. A fin de mejorar la asistencia y prevención, se sugiere incluir, a través de actividades de educación para la salud, tres ejes en la tarea asistencial cotidiana respecto a la calidad y sobrevida infantil: evaluación del desarrollo; plan de intervención oportuna (sugerencias prácticas y sencillas para enriquecer la experiencia infantil); prevención de accidentes. Se proponen actividades conjuntas con programas existentes en servicios de salud y centros de cuidados y enseñanza de niños pequeños sobre prevención, detección precoz de déficits y atención de los niños con desfasajes en su desarrollo, a través de: a. Elaboración de cartillas con contenidos escritos sobre plan de intervención oportuna para menores de dos años y cuidados para evitar accidentes, que se entregarán en las consultas en salud por el equipo médico. b. Campañas en medios de difusión (radios, TV, medios gráficos, etc.) con una consigna periódica común con los centros de salud, cuidados y enseñanza de pequeños, basadas en los contenidos del material que se entrega en cada consulta.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Accident Prevention , Psychomotor Disorders/etiology , Learning Disabilities/etiology , Child Development , Child Welfare , Health Education/methods , Primary Health Care , Poverty/statistics & numerical data , Poverty/psychology
20.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig ; 96(6): 369-74; 374-8, 2004 Jun.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15230666

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of infliximab on quality of life in a series of patients with fistulizing Crohn's disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study was made. A total of 25 patients with single or multiple draining abdominal or perianal fistulas were selected for the study. All received an intravenous infusion of infliximab at a dose of 5 mg per kilogram of body weight in weeks 0, 2, and 6. The clinical activity was calculated every two weeks over a 10-week follow-up. HRQOL (SF-36 and IBDQ scores) were compared at baseline and at weeks 4 and 10. RESULTS: Sixty-four percent of patients had a clinical response to treatment with infliximab, with complete closure of fistulas. The mean values of CDAI decreased during follow-up, with a significant difference between weeks 0 and 10 (p < 0.01). Health-related quality of life (HRQOL), as measured by means of SF-36, showed an overall improvement in the physical domain (PCS) after 4 and 10 weeks (p < 0.05). An increase was also observed in IBDQ overall score on comparing the results obtained at week 0 and week 4 (p < 0.01). The social functioning domain of IBDQ was not significantly changed with treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with infliximab in active fistulizing Crohn's disease results in a significant increase in the quality of life of patients at short-term.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Crohn Disease/drug therapy , Gastrointestinal Agents/therapeutic use , Intestinal Fistula/drug therapy , Quality of Life , Adult , Crohn Disease/complications , Female , Humans , Infliximab , Intestinal Fistula/etiology , Male , Prospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
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