ABSTRACT
Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is considered an important pathogen in cattle worldwide. It is a causative agent of enteric and respiratory diseases of cattle. The S1 subunit of the viral S glycoprotein is responsible for virus binding to host-cell receptors, induction of neutralizing antibody and hemagglutinin activity. The entire S1 genomic region (2304 bp) of two enteric bovine coronavirus isolates from Austria, one respiratory and one enteric isolate from Slovakia were analyzed at the genetic level. The comparative analysis of those four isolates revealed 97.1-98.6% similarity at the nucleotide and 95.6-98.6% at the amino acid level. No differences between enteric and respiratory isolates were observed at the genetic level. The isolates were clustered in the phylogenetic tree with European isolates independently of their enteric or respiratory origin.
Subject(s)
Coronavirus, Bovine/genetics , Genetic Variation , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Gene Expression Regulation, Viral/physiology , Protein SubunitsABSTRACT
All thirty-three but one porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolate originating from pigs in Austria, Czech Republic and Slovakia were typed on the basis of partial ORF5 sequence as PRRSV-1, subtype EU-1. The single isolate of PRRSV-2 originated from Slovakia.
Subject(s)
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/virology , Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/classification , Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/isolation & purification , Animals , Europe , Genetic Variation , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/genetics , SwineABSTRACT
In this study, a major part of genome of the pestivirus isolate 297 from Slovakia, comprising the 7195 nt-long 5Î-UTR-NS3 region was sequenced and analyzed. Conserved cleavage sites between individual viral proteins of this region were determined and the number of amino acids of respective proteins was estimated as follows: 168 for Npro, 100 for C, 227 for Erns, 195 for E1, 373 for E2, 70 for p7, 453 for NS2, and 683 for NS3. Based on sequence and phylogenetic analysis of 5Î-UTR, Npro, and E2 the isolate 297 was characterized as a border disease virus of genotype 3. It was found to be distinct from other BDV-3 strains analyzed so far, consequently forming a distinct branch within the phylogenetic clade. All these data expand a relatively limited knowledge of genetic properties of individual BDV genotypes and strains circulating in the Central Europe.
Subject(s)
Border Disease/virology , Border disease virus/genetics , Genome, Viral/genetics , 5' Untranslated Regions , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Base Sequence , Border disease virus/classification , Border disease virus/isolation & purification , DNA, Complementary/chemistry , DNA, Complementary/genetics , Genotype , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , RNA, Viral/genetics , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Sheep , Slovakia , Species Specificity , Viral Proteins/chemistry , Viral Proteins/genetics , Viral Proteins/immunologyABSTRACT
Of 120 clinical specimens obtained from pigs bred on 28 PMWS-affected farms in Slovakia, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) was detected by single PCR in 77 samples. A short 224 bp fragment of ORF2 was used for preliminary grouping of isolates by phylogenetic analysis. Nucleotide sequences of the entire ORF2 region provided more precise genetic typing and segregation of preselected isolates (n=10) into two known genotypes, PCV-2a (n=1) and PCV-2b (n=9). Complete genome sequencing of three selected isolates allowed their definitive grouping into genotype PCV-2b, cluster 1A or genotype PCV-2a, cluster 2D. No correlation between the mutations and the geographic origin of isolates was observed. Results confirmed that many PCV-2 isolates are genetically very stable since similar viruses circulate in Central and Western Europe.
Subject(s)
Circoviridae Infections/veterinary , Circovirus/classification , Circovirus/genetics , Swine Diseases/virology , Animals , Circoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Circoviridae Infections/virology , DNA, Viral/genetics , Genotype , Phylogeny , Slovakia/epidemiology , Swine , Swine Diseases/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The heparin-binding activity of bull seminal plasma proteins was inhibited by D-fructose, D-glucose, inulin and glycogen; D-galactose, dextran and mannan had no effect. While the ejaculated sperm-heparin interaction was not influenced by the presence of saccharides, the heparin-binding activity of epididymal sperm was inhibited by D-fructose. The results of the binding studies were confirmed by affinity chromatography on immobilized heparin followed by elution with monosaccharides. Proteins adsorbed to a heparin-polyacrylamide column and eluted with D-fructose were analyzed by RP HPLC, SDS electrophoresis and by determination of the N-terminal amino-acid sequence. RNAase dimer, PDC-109 and metalloproteinase inhibitor (TIMP-2) were identified.
