ABSTRACT
There are emerging ethical issues with regards to the use of animals in the early stages of drug discovery for anti-inflammatory and degenerative diseases from natural products using the activity-directed isolation pathways when many compounds (eg > 100) are present in the crude extract or fraction and are to be tested. The above-mentioned is the main reason for proposing the use of the in vitro anti-denaturation (stabilization) effects of heat treated (immunogenic) bovine serum albumin (BSA) as an assay. Current methods used for detecting and isolating a wide range of anti-inflammatory compounds in the early stages of the drug discovery process utilize a large number of animals. When BSA is heated and is undergoing denaturation, it expresses antigens associated to Type III hyper-sensitive reaction and which are related to diseases such as serum sickness, glomerulonephritis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Thus, the assay that is being proposed should be applicable to the discovery of drugs for treating the above mentioned diseases and others, once the compounds stabilize the denaturation process.
Actualmente surgen problemas éticos en relación con el uso de animales en las etapas tempranas del descubrimiento de medicamentos anti-inflamatorios y contra enfermedades degenerativas, a partir de productos naturales, usando vías de aislamiento dirigido por actividad, cuando muchos compuestos están presentes (p.ej. > 100) en la fracción o extracto crudo, y deben ser probados. Lo anterior representa la razón principal para proponer el uso de los efectos de la anti-desnaturalización (estabilización) in vitro de la albúmina sérica bovina (inmunogénica) tratada con calor (ASB) como ensayo. Los métodos corrientes usados para detectar y aislar una amplia gama de compuestos anti-inflamatorios en las etapas tempranas del proceso de descubrimiento del medicamento, utilizan un gran número de animales. Cuando la ASB es calentada y sometida a un proceso de desnaturalización, expresa antígenos en relación con la reacción hipersensitiva de tipo III, relacionada a su vez con enfermedades tales como la enfermedad del suero, la glomerulonefritis, la artritis reumatoide, y el lupus sistémico y eritematoso. De este modo, el ensayo que aquí proponemos debe ser aplicable al descubrimiento de medicamentos para el tratamiento de las enfermedades anteriormente mencionadas y otras, una vez que los compuestos estabilicen el proceso de desnaturalización.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/blood , In Vitro Techniques , Plant Preparations/pharmacology , Protein Denaturation/drug effects , Serum Albumin, Bovine/analysis , Biological Assay , Drug Discovery , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Immune System Diseases/drug therapy , Mass ScreeningABSTRACT
There are emerging ethical issues with regards to the use of animals in the early stages of drug discovery for anti-inflammatory and degenerative diseases from natural products using the activity-directed isolation pathways when many compounds (eg > 100) are present in the crude extract or fraction and are to be tested The above-mentioned is the main reason for proposing the use of the in vitro anti-denaturation (stabilization) effects of heat treated (immunogenic) bovine serum albumin (BSA) as an assay. Current methods used for detecting and isolating a wide range of anti-inflammatory compounds in the early stages of the drug discovery process utilize a large number of animals. When BSA is heated and is undergoing denaturation, it expresses antigens associated to Type III hypersensitive reaction and which are related to diseases such as serum sickness, glomerulonephritis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Thus, the assay that is being proposed should be applicable to the discovery of drugs for treating the above mentioned diseases and others, once the compounds stabilize the denaturation process.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/blood , Plant Preparations/pharmacology , Protein Denaturation/drug effects , Serum Albumin, Bovine/analysis , Animals , Biological Assay , Cattle , Drug Discovery , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Immune System Diseases/drug therapy , In Vitro Techniques , Mass ScreeningABSTRACT
Epingaione (4-Methyl-1-(5-methyl-2, 3,4,5-tetrahydro-[2,3']bifuranyl-5-yl)-pentan-2-one) was isolated as one of the major lipophilic secondary metabolites from the leaves and stems of Bontia daphnoides L. The compound gave 79.24% and 50.83% anti-proliferation/cytotoxic activity on the human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma and TE-671 sarcoma cells in vitro at 50 pg/mL, respectively. Epingaione was transformed into eleven derivatives under laboratory conditions using ethanol, some gave greater anti-proliferation/cytotoxic activity on the cancer cell lines tested. One of the derivatives (compound 2) with enhanced cytotoxic activity was elucidated as 5'-Ethoxy-5-methyl-5-(4-methyl-2-oxo-pentyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-5'H-[2,3']bifuranyl-2'-one. Both epingaione and compound 2 caused an accumulation of arrested or dead SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma in the m-phase of the cell cycle as revealed by the m-phase specific marker KE 67.
Subject(s)
Furans/pharmacology , Myoporaceae , Neuroblastoma/drug therapy , Pentanones/pharmacology , Phytotherapy , Sarcoma/drug therapy , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cell Survival , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Furans/chemistry , Humans , Pentanones/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Leaves , Plant StemsABSTRACT
Epingaione (4-Methyl-1-(5-methyl-2, 3,4,5-tetrahydro-[2,3']bifuranyl-5-yl)-pentan-2-one) was isolated as one of the major lipophilic secondary metabolites from the leaves and stems of Bontia daphnoides L. The compound gave 79.24and 50.83anti-proliferation/cytotoxic activity on the human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma and TE-671 sarcoma cells in vitro at 50 pg/mL, respectively. Epingaione was transformed into eleven derivatives under laboratory conditions using ethanol, some gave greater anti-proliferation/cytotoxic activity on the cancer cell lines tested. One of the derivatives (compound 2) with enhanced cytotoxic activity was elucidated as 5'-Ethoxy-5-methyl-5-(4-methyl-2-oxo-pentyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-5'H-[2,3']bifuranyl-2'-one. Both epingaione and compound 2 caused an accumulation of arrested or dead SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma in the m-phase of the cell cycle as revealed by the m-phase specific marker KE 67.
La epingaiona (4-Metil-1-(5-metil-2,3,4,5-tetrahidro-[2,3']bifuranil-5-il)-pentan-2-uno) fue aislada como uno de los principales metabolitos lipofilicos secundarios de las hojas y tallos de Bontia daphnoides L. El compuesto produjo 79.24 % y 50.83 % de actividad citotóxica/anti-proliferación sobre el neuroblastoma humano SH-SY5Y y las células del sarcoma TE-671 in vitro a 50 µg/mL, respectivamente. La epingaiona fue transformada en once derivados en condiciones de laboratorio, utilizando etanol. Algunos produjeron mayor actividad citotóxica y antiproliferativa sobre las líneas celulares cancerosas sometidas a ensayo. Uno de los derivados (compuesto 2) de elevada actividad citotóxica fue identificado como 5'-Etoxi-5-metil-5-(4-metil-2-oxo-pentil)-2,3,4,5-tetrahidro-5'H- [2,3']bifuranil-2'-uno. Tanto la epingaiona como el compuesto 22 causaron una acumulación de neuroblastomas SH-SY5Y muertos o detenidos en la fase m del ciclo celular, según lo revela el marcador KE 67 específico de la fase m.