ABSTRACT
The total activity and activity of the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial isoenzyme of aspartate aminotransferase was examined in blood plasma of 56 patients with chronic liver diseases (chronic hepatitis in 27, liver cirrhosis in 23, secondary neoplastic effection of the liver in 6). All the patients with biochemically active forms of liver disease manifested increased the total as well as cytoplasmic enzyme activity, as compared with control group, 57% of the patients manifested simultaneously also increased activity of the mitochondrial isoenzyme. In 13% of the patients with stabilised forms of liver diseases manifested isolated increase of the mitochondrial isoenzyme activity. This might be of importance for the evaluation of the course of the disease. In patients with tumorous metastases in the liver a strikingly high share and activity of mitochondrial isoenzyme was shown.
Subject(s)
Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Isoenzymes/blood , Liver Diseases/enzymology , Chronic Disease , Cytoplasm/enzymology , Hepatitis/enzymology , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/enzymology , Liver Neoplasms/enzymology , Mitochondria, Liver/enzymologyABSTRACT
Total serum alkaline phosphatase activity and its isoenzymes were studied in 126 patients sent to hospital with a neoplastic blood disease. They comprised 63 patients with a lymphoreticular neoplastic disease, 17 with immature stem-cell leukaemia, 11 with a plasmocytoma, 16 with lymphocytic leukaemia, 4 with polycythaemia and 9 with the myelofibrosis syndrome. Evaluation of the serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes significantly enhances the efficiency of the diagnosis and the organ specificity of the enzymes in these conditions. It is particularly important in the above states for studying liver and bone involvement, both from the aspect of the organic localization of the disease and from the aspect of evaluation of the success of therapy.
Subject(s)
Alkaline Phosphatase/blood , Clinical Enzyme Tests , Leukemia/diagnosis , Lymphoma/diagnosis , Humans , Isoenzymes/bloodABSTRACT
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, E.C. 1.1.1.27) activity was studied in an experimental model (the liver bile of cholecystectomized patients and of rats) by electrophoretic separation on agar gel. The prevalence of the liver LDH5 isoenzyme in bile obtained in this manner is the proof that this fraction is secreted by the liver. The experimental conclusions are supported by the author's own clinical observations of prevalence of the cathodic isocomponents LDH4 and LDH5 in serum, as an indicator of cholestasis in conditions characterized by bile duct obstruction.
Subject(s)
Cholestasis/enzymology , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Animals , Gallbladder/enzymology , Humans , Isoenzymes , Liver/enzymology , RatsABSTRACT
The authors studied total serum alkaline phosphatase (E.C. 3.1.3.1) activity and its isoenzyme spectrum 1) in relation to the activity of liver diseases, 2) in relation to cholestatic and non-cholestatic liver diseases. The isodistribution of the alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes (the bone, liver and intestinal fraction) in the serum was studied by the heat inactivation and inhibition method and by electrophoretic separation on agar gel. The results showed that alkaline phosphatase had a close diagnostic bearing not only on cholestatic forms of hepatobiliary diseases, but also on the activity of liver disease. The main source of elevated serum alkaline phosphatase activity in the serum of patients with hepatobiliary diseases is the liver isoenzyme. In the serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzymogram, an abnormally large proportion of this isoenzyme is found more frequently than elevation of total alkaline phosphatase activity.
Subject(s)
Alkaline Phosphatase/blood , Clinical Enzyme Tests , Isoenzymes/blood , Liver Diseases/diagnosis , Chronic Disease , Hepatitis/diagnosis , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosisABSTRACT
A procedure using heat inactivation and L-phenylalanine inhibition to quantitate the activities of bone, liver and intestinal alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in human serum was confirmed by alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme analysis using an electrophoretic procedure. The results of this assay were compared with the radionuclear 85Sr test, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in a group of patients with hepatobiliary and bone diseases.
Subject(s)
Alkaline Phosphatase/blood , Isoenzymes/blood , Adult , Aged , Alkaline Phosphatase/antagonists & inhibitors , Bone Neoplasms/enzymology , Bone and Bones/enzymology , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Humans , Intestines/enzymology , Isoenzymes/antagonists & inhibitors , Liver/enzymology , Liver Diseases/diagnosis , Liver Diseases/enzymology , Methods , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/enzymology , Organ Specificity , Phenylalanine/pharmacology , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/bloodSubject(s)
Cholestasis/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis , Adult , Cholestasis/complications , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Pruritus/etiology , RecurrenceABSTRACT
Determination of hepatic copper concentration is the most exact criterion in the diagnosis of Wilson's disease. In the course of penicillamine therapy the copper content in the liver decreases, but normal values are achieved only after five or more years of treatment. Normalisation of the hepatic cooper concentration lags distinctly behind the clinical state. Distinct improvement of clinical state is already reached after a half to one year of treatment. The correlation between hepatic copper concentration and the amount of copper's excreted in the urine is statistically significant before the starting of treatment and during administration of penicillamine as well. The urinary copper excretion is a good indirect and indicator of the copper concentration in the liver.