ABSTRACT
Effective treatment of knee extensor mechanism disruptions requires prompt diagnosis and thoughtful decision-making with surgical and nonsurgical approaches. When surgery is chosen, excellent surgical technique can result in excellent outcomes. Complications and failures arise from missed or delayed diagnoses and from technical problems in the operating room. In particular, inappropriate surgical timing (especially late surgery), misplaced patellar drill holes, and failure to address concomitant injuries can result in complications seen when repairing a patellar or quadriceps tendon tear. We review the complications that can occur during treatment of these injuries (Table 1).
Subject(s)
Knee Injuries/surgery , Knee Joint/surgery , Orthopedic Procedures/adverse effects , Patellar Ligament/surgery , Quadriceps Muscle/surgery , Biomechanical Phenomena , Humans , Knee Injuries/diagnosis , Knee Injuries/physiopathology , Knee Joint/physiopathology , Patellar Ligament/injuries , Patellar Ligament/physiopathology , Quadriceps Muscle/injuries , Quadriceps Muscle/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Multiple techniques of pelvic fixation exist. Distal fixation to the pelvis is crucial for spinal deformity surgery. Fixation techniques such as transiliac bars, iliac bolts, and iliosacral screws are commonly used, but these techniques may require separate incisions for placement, leading to potential wound complications and increased dissection. Additionally, the use of transverse connector bars is almost always necessary with these techniques, as their placement is not in line with the S-1 pedicle screw and cephalad instrumentation. The S-2 alar iliac pelvic fixation is a newer technique that has been developed to address some of these issues. It is an in-line technique that can be placed during an open procedure or percutaneously.
