Effect of Xymedon and Mexidol in Combination with Antineoplastic Drugs on Spermatogenesis Indicators and Functional State of Spermatozoa in Rats with Walker-256 Carcinoma.

We compared the effect of Xymedon (100 mg/kg), Mexidol (50 mg/kg), and their combination on spermatogenesis indicators and functional state of spermatozoa in rats with Walker-256 carcinoma treated with doxorubicin (4 mg/kg) and cyclophosphamide (45 mg/kg) (once intraperitoneally on day 11 after tumor cells transplantation). Xymedon and Mexidol were injected intramuscularly for 10 days starting from day 11 of the experiment. The studied parameters were evaluated on experimental days 14 and 21. We have established that gonadoprotective effect of Xymedon developed gradually and persisted longer than that of Mexidol. It manifested in an increase in the number of epithelial spermatogenesis cells (spermatogonia by 3.2 times, early spermatids by 2.2 times, late spermatids by 2.9 times, and Leydig cells by 4 times) in the testes and also the proportion of viable progressively and non-progressively motile epididymal spermatozoa (by 2 times). The combination of Xymedon and Mexidol stimulated spermatogenesis (with restoration of the initial level of spermatocytes, an increase in the number of early spermatids by 65.5 and 99% in comparison with Xymedon alone and Mexidol alone, respectively) and increased the number of viable epididymal spermatozoa more effectively than Xymedon and Mexidol alone by 54 and 60%, respectively.

[Effect of trimecaine derivatives and lidocaine on hemodynamics]. / Vliianie proizvodnykh trimekaina i lidokaina na gemodinamiku.

The results of experiments on cats showed that quaternidine, a quaternary ammonium derivative of trimecaine, does not induce significant variations in the hemodynamic parameters, being advantageous in this respect to some well-known antiarrhythmic drugs. LKhT-3-00 (dialkylaminophenylacetamide glutaminate)--a tertiary derivative of lidocaine--leads to a slight decrease in the heart rate, an insignificant decrease in the arterial pressure for 10 min, and a pronounced enhancement of the pumping ability of the left ventricle over a time period of 30 min.

[Antiarrhythmic activity of adrenergic blockaders with different mechanisms of action]. / Protivoaritmicheskaia aktivnost' antiadrenergicheskikh sredstv s raznym mekhanizmom deistviia.

Experiments have demonstrated that Alfeprol arrests atrial fibrillation in dogs induced by electric stimulation of the heart, and atrial fibrillation in cats modelled by Akonitine application; it suppresses ventricular tachycardia in dogs occurring following an occlusion of the branches of coronary arteries, and in cats when induced by strophantin intoxication; it prevents fatal ventricular fibrillation in rats poisoned by calcium chloride. The antiarrhythmic effect of Anaprille was not so persistent and manifested itself only in cases of some particular rhythm disorders. Ornid displayed no antiarrhythmic activity. The blocking of adrenergic innervation of the heart by means of beta-adrenergic blockers (Alfeprol, Anaprilline) and sympatholytic (Reserpine, Ornid) considerably increased the animals tolerance of the toxic effect of strophantin, decreasing its arrhythmogenic effect in particular. The mechanisms of the antiarrhythmic effect of antiadrenergic agents are discussed along with the possibilities of their employment for the correction of cardiac sensitivity of glycosides.

[Strophanthin sensitivity in disorders of cardiac blood supply, altered immunologic reactivity and under the influence of several pharmacologic agents]. / Chuvstvitel'nost' k strofantinu pri narushennom krovosnabzhenii miokarda, izmenennoi immunologicheskoi reaktivnosti i pod vliianiem nekotorykh farmakologicheskikh sredstv

Tests conducted with 125 cats demonstrated that occlusion of the coronary artery causes a higher sensitivity to the bathmotropic action of strophanthin, but does not have any effect on the magnitude of its lethal dose. The efficaciousness of potassium orotate and also of Na2EDTA in combinations with anapriline and isadrine, as regulators of the sensitivity to the toxic effect of strophanthin, was investigated. Immunization of cats with a homocardiac antigen was found to produce biphasic changes in the sensitivity to the toxic effect of strophanthin associated with the duration of antigenic stimulation.

[Strophanthin sensitivity of animals after coronary artery occlusion and pharmacological action on adrenergic innervation of the heart]. / Chuvstvitel'nost' zhivotnykh k strofantinu posle okkliuzii koronarnoi arterii i farmakologicheskikh vozdeistvii na adrenergicheskuiu

In 95 feline experiments it was established that coronary artery occlusion does not affect the Strophantin lethal dose, but it increases the sensitivity to the arrhythmogenic effect of the cardiac glycoside after 24-48 hours. Premedication of intact animals with such a beta-adrenergic blocking agent as Anapriline (Inderal) significantly increases the toolerance of Strophantin while the stimulation of the beta-adrenergic structures with Isadrine, on the contrary, decreases the arrhythmogenic and lethal dose of Strophantin. In coronary circulation disorders the pharmacological block of the adrenergic heart innervation did not produce any significant reduction of the sensitivity to the cardiac glycoside.

[Effect of some adrenergic substances on the cumulative effect of strophanthin]. / Vliianie nekotorykh adrenergicheskikh sredstv na kumuliativnyi éffekt strofantina

Experiments were conducted on cats; a study was made of the effect of pharmacological block and stimulation of the adrenergic innervation on the toxicity and the cumulative effect of strophanthine. It was found that anapryline premedication and a preliminary reserpinization increased the strophanthine tolerance and reduced its cumulative effect. Isadrine caused a sharp elevation of the sensitivity to cardiac glycoside, but no cumulation was present in this case.