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1.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; 43(2): 119-26, abr.-jun. 1997. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-197144

ABSTRACT

As infecçoes dos espaços cervicais profundos, embora raras, associam-se a alta morbi-mortalidade. A abordagem cirúrgica faz-se necessaria na maioria dos casos e se baseia no conhecimento da complexa anatomia das fascias cervicais e dos espaços cervicais profundos. Objetivo. Apresentar consideraçoes anatomicas de interese pratico sobre fascias e espaços do pescoço, sua conceituaçao e nomenclatura, relatando, a título de exemplo, quatro casos de infecçoes dos espaços cervicais profundos. Material e Método. Sao apresentados um caso de angina de Ludwig complicada com mediastinite, pericardite, pneumonia, empiema pleural, fístula esofagica e choque séptico, um caso de abscesso cervical espontâneo em paciente diabético, um caso de abscesso de loja submandibular e um caso de abscesso parafaríngeo iniciado após manipulaçao dentaria. Nos quatro casos, a documentaçao imagenológica é rica e, em dois deles, evidencia o comprometimento de mais e um espaço profundo do pescoço. Conclusoes. A literatura enfatiza morbidade e mortalidade elevadas, etiologia diversificada (infecçoes dentarias, uso de drogas endovenosas, infecçoes do trato aerodigestivo alto e outras), a necessidade de traqueostomia em cerca de 50 por cento dos casos e o emprego da terapêutica combinada (antibioticoterapia e abordagem cirúrgica do pescoço). Os métodos imagenológicos, como a tomografia computadorizada, sao imprescindíveis no estudo de infecçoes dos espaços profundos do pescoço, tanto para a avaliaçao do sítio e extensao da afecçao, como para o planejamento terapêutico.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Abscess/microbiology , Fascia/anatomy & histology , Neck/anatomy & histology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
2.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) ; 43(2): 119-26, 1997.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9336047

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although rare, deep neck space infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The surgical approach is necessary in the majority of the cases, and the surgeon must know the complex anatomy of the cervical fasciae and deep neck spaces. PURPOSE: The anatomy of the cervical fasciae and deep neck spaces in reviewed. As an illustration, a series of deep neck space infections is presented. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Four clinical cases are reported: 1) a case of Ludwig's angina with several complications (mediastinitis, pericarditis, pneumonia, pleural effusion and empyema, esophageal fistula and septic shock), 2) a case of cervical abscess that appeared without apparent cause, in a young diabetic patient, 3) a case of abscess of the submandibular triangle, and 4) a case of parapharyngeal abscess that came forth after a dental treatment. Data from history taking, physical examination, X-rays, echography, CT scan and treatment and the follow-up are presented. The image tests were valuable and, in two of the cases, they demonstrated that more than one deep neck space were affected. CONCLUSIONS: The literature reinforces the high mortality and morbidity rates, the diversified etiology (dental infection, intravenous drug abuse, infections of the upper aerodigestive tract and others), and the tracheostomy indication made in about half of the cases. It stresses also the need for combined therapy (antibiotics and surgery). Evaluation with CT scan and other radiologic methods is indispensable to determine the site and extent of the process and to plan properly the treatment.


Subject(s)
Abscess/microbiology , Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Fascia/anatomy & histology , Neck/anatomy & histology , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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