Dynamics of Antibodies to Various Antigens of the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Patients with Confirmed COVID-19 Infection.

The presence of IgG and IgM antibodies in the venous blood of 76 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection was determined by ELISA using Russian test systems. Different levels of IgM antibodies to N-protein and receptor binding domain of the Spike protein (RBD) were revealed. The dynamics of IgG antibodies to the whole virion antigen and recombinant antigens showed high values on weeks 4-5 of the disease. The level of IgG antibodies to Nprotein remained low throughout the observation period. The characteristic dynamics of IgG measured using test systems with sorbed whole virion or recombinant spike proteins reflects the duration of the disease.

Determination of Bactericidal Activity Spectrum of Recombinant Endolysins of ECD7, Am24, Ap22, Si3, and St11 Bacteriophages.

The bactericidal activity of recombinant endolysins LysECD7, LysAm24, LysAp22, LysSi3 and LysSt11 was assayed in multidrug resistant strains (n=120) of Salmonella enterica, E. coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Campylobacter jejuni. The assay showed that the recombinant endolysins had a wide spectrum of bactericidal activity compared to endolysins of their progenitor phages. Among examined endolysins, we selected the active pharmaceutical substances with broad spectrum of bactericidal activity. Most strains were sensitive to LysECD7 (70.7%), LysAm24 (65%), and LysAp22 (58.6%), which seems to be promising causative agents for the development of finished dosage form.

[Prevalence of arterial hypertension and efficacy of long-term multifactor prophylaxis in some regions of Russia].

AIM: To study prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) in relation to gender, age, profession, risk factors (RF), RF combination; efficacy of active long-term multifactor prevention among the employees of industrial enterprises in some regions of Russia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 14000 males and 20969 females from industrial enterprises of Cheboksary, Pskov, St-Petersburg were examined. 8974 males and 14515 females worked at enterprises of active intervention (EAI) while 1848 males and 1643 females were employed at comparison enterprises. RESULTS: Correction of RF conducted at six EAI reduced a mean level of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), frequency and intensity of smoking, overweight and cases of RF combination, improved ECG parameters, wellbeing of hypertensive patients, increased number of examinees free of risk factors, decreased number of days of temporary disability. Among EAI employees overall mortality, ishemic heart disease mortality and cerebrovascular disorders fell. CONCLUSION: Five- and 10-year active multifactor office prophylaxis resulted in reduction of the rate and intensity of RF, number of temporary disability days by 48%. Arterial hypertention, combination of RF in healthy and hypertensive subjects at the start of the trial significantly promoted high all-causes and cardiovascular mortality at all enterprises studied. Active multifactor prophylaxis reduced those mortalities significantly.

[Prevalence of ischemic heart disease, basic risk factors, and efficacy of long-term multifactorial prophylaxis at work in some regions of Russia]. / Rasprostranennost' ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa, osnovnykh faktorov riska ee razvitiia i éffektivnost' mnogoletnei mnogofaktornoi profilaktiki na predpriiatiiakh v riade regionov Rossii.

AIM: To study prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and its various clinical forms depending on sex, age, profession including risk factors (RF) and their combination and efficiency of long-term multifactorial active prevention programs at enterprises in several regions of the Russian Federation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 14,000 male and 20,969 female volunteers were observed in organized groups in three Russian cities (Cheboksary, Pskov, St-Petersburg). 8984 males and 14,515 females entered seven groups of outpatient follow-up and active long-term multifactorial prevention during 5-10 years. RESULTS: Risk factor correction produced a significant decrease in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, frequency and intensity of smoking, overweight, improved ECG parameters, increased number of the examinees free of risk factors; state of IHD patients improved. Overall mortality, IHD and stroke mortality, number of temporary disability days were significantly less in the prevention group. CONCLUSION: Active multifactorial "in office" prevention for 5 to 10 years reduced RF prevalence and intensity, quantity of days at sick-leave fell by 48.5%. The presence of IHD and risk factors in both groups increased overall mortality rates and cardiovascular (IHD and stroke) mortality rates at the beginning of the study. The multifactorial prevention of IHD and risk factors resulted in a significant reduction of overall mortality rates as well as cardiovascular mortality rates in groups of active prevention.

[Incidence of ischemic heart disease: its relation with main risk factors and effectiveness of long-term multifactorial prevention at an industrial enterprise]. / Rasprostranennost' ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa. Ee sviaz' s osnovnymi faktorami riska i éffektivnost' mnogoletnei mnogofaktornoi profilaktiki na promyshlennykh predpriiatiiakh.

AIM: To study the prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and its various clinical forms depending on both sexes, age, profession, risk factors and efficiency of active prevention programs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 1848 males and 1643 females were inspected as a control group. 8326 males and 13,116 females volunteers were included into the groups of active prevention and observation. RESULTS: Risk factor correction produced a significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic BP mean levels, prevalence of ECG abnormalities together with smoking habits occurrence, overweight and their combination. The general mortality rate, IHD and stroke mortality were significantly less in the group of prevention as well as the number of days of temporary disability. CONCLUSION: Primary and secondary "in office" prevention for 5 to 10 years diminished the prevalence of risk factors and events of IHD. The presence of IHD, risk factors increased general mortality rates and cardiovascular mortality rates in both groups. The multifactorial prevention of IHD contributed to a decline in general mortality rates and cardiovascular mortality rate.

[Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in organized groups of employees and results of long-term multifactorial prevention]. / Dinamika rasprostranennosti serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii i rezul'taty mnogofaktornoi profilaktiki pri mnogoletnikh nabliudeniiakh v organizovannykh kollektivakh.

AIM: Evaluation of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) prevalence and their dynamics after active prevention program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1382 male and 155 female volunteers were included into the group of active prevention in their office. 1024 males and 776 females with natural history were compared as a control group. 5-year follow-up was performed in 543 males and 569 females in comparison with 97 males and 119 females. 10-year follow-up covered 82 males and 191 females from the active prevention group and 178 males and 118 females from the referent group. RESULTS: The risk factor correction has resulted in a significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic BP mean levels, prevalence of ECG abnormalities, smoking habits, overweight and combination of the risk factors, general mortality rate, CHD and stroke mortality, number of days of temporary disability. CONCLUSION: The primary and secondary "in office" prevention for 5 to 10 years diminishes the prevalence of the risk factors. The temporary and primary disability rates were connected with the presence of CVD. CVD, in line with other risk factors, significantly increased cardiovascular and general mortality rates.

[Long-term study of the prevalence of arterial hypertension and outcomes of multifactorial prophylaxis in organized groups of employees]. / Dinamika pasprostranennosti arterial'noi gipertonii i rezul'taty mnogofaktornoi profilaktiki pri mnogoletnikh nabliudeniiakh sredi rabochikh i sluzhashchikh organizovannykh kollektivov.

AIM: To evaluate trends in arterial hypertension (AH) and other risk factors and their changes after active prevention program. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 1382 male and 1555 female volunteers were included into the group of active prevention at the workplace vs 1024 male and 776 female controls. 5-year follow-up covered 543 males and 569 females from the prevention group against 97 male and 119 female controls. 10-year follow-up covered 82 males and 191 females, 178 males and 118 females, respectively. RESULTS: Risk factor correction produced a significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic BP levels, prevalence of ECG deteriorations, smoking habits occurrence, overweight. Overall mortality rate, CHD and stroke mortality were significantly less frequent in the prevention group. This group had also less days of temporary disability. CONCLUSION: The primary and secondary "in office" prevention for 5 to 10 years diminishes prevalence of risk factors. The temporary disability rate depends on the presence of arterial hypertension. The latter together with the other main risk facts significantly influences cardiovascular and general mortality rates.

[The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among the workers and employees of organized collectives based on cardiological screening data]. / Rasprostranennost' serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii sredi rabochikh i sluzhashchikh organizovannykh kollektivov po dannym kardiologicheskogo skrininga.

Altogether 90.2 thousand workers of 33 enterprises of the cities and villages were examined. Of these, men (mean age 41.1 +/- 1.1 years) accounted for 39.2%. Use was made of an automated system for mass cardiological screening and dispensary observation made over time of the workers and employees of the organized bodies by computer EC, CM and IBM PC XT/AT. Different cardiological diseases were revealed in 38.4% of the examined. Out of the total number of the patients, 44.5% were diagnosed to have arterial hypertension (AH) whereas 18.6% coronary heart disease (CHD). CHD was widely prevalent in the working middle-aged and elderly men and women. Angina pectoris of effort appeared to be most frequently occurring form of CHD, accounting for 70.4% of the total number of CHD patients. Myocardial infarction was discovered in 0.9% of men and 0.3% of women. AH was identified in 40.8% of CHD patients, whereas 38% demonstrated borderline AH. Therefore, associated CHD and elevated blood pressure was recorded in 78.8% of the patients. A relationship was established between the prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular diseases and sex and age.

[The irradiation of the personnel of industrial and power-generating atomic reactors]. / Obluchenie personala promyshlennykh i énergeticheskikh atomnykh reaktorov.

The authors represent the time course of irradiation of the personnel of uran-graphite reactors in the period of starting up the first one in 1947 up to 1988 and atomic power stations of various types over the period of 1978-1987. Irradiation of the personnel of industrial reactors was continually on the decrease. While in 1949 over 99% of the personnel were exposed to a dose exceeding the then maximum permissible dose of 15 cSv, in 1957 the average annual dose of external radiation was decreased to 5 cSv. Beginning from 1974 cases of irradiation of the personnel over the existing MPD in normal operation of reactors were practically ruled out. The improvement of working conditions at nuclear power stations provided rather low exposure doses for the personnel (an average of 0.2-0.8 cSv annually).