[Characteristics of the quality of life of medical students]. / Vybrané charakteristiky kvality zivota studentu medicíny.

Lifestyle is one of the most important determinants of health. The authors are interested in the characteristics of medical students' life and they used the anonymous questionnaire study. The sample was 152 persons and this study is continuing. The article presents some information about nutrition, negative events (smoking, alcohol, and drugs), sports activities and sleep. The investigated data are indicators of using knowledge by medical students in their extra-school activities (healthy lifestyle). From the current data there is the fact that nutrition habits and day regime are not so ideal. The fact about consumption of drugs, alcohol, smoking habit and sleeping time is nearly satisfied.

[General physicians at the beginning of health services transformation]. / Praktictí lékari na pocátku transformace zdravotnictví.

The authors assessed in 68 general practitioners by means of questionnaires selected data on the position in medical practice, satisfaction with it, on the extent, forms and opportunities of further training. All respondents systematically extended their education and training, 97% were keen to master and use new procedures. 37% were satisfied with their practice. They worked on average 50 hours per week and examined on average 236 patients per week in their surgery. On average they referred 11% of their patients to a specialist. Health authorities should participate more in the solution of some problems of general practitioners.

[Subjective health problems in persons 60-64 years of age and over 65]. / Subjektivní zdravotní potíze osob ve veku 60-64 let a nad 65 let.

The author investigated in a representative sample of 431 subjects aged 60-64 years and in 1171 subjects above 65 years by the method of standardized interviews the prevalence of subjectively perceived health complaints--pain and its localization, dyspnoea, insomnia and general weakness and restricted locomotion. Health complaints were recorded already at the age of 60-64 years in a relatively high percentage--71.7%; chronic cough and digestive complaints equally frequently as in subjects above 65 years. In 11.6% of subjects aged 60-64 years locomotion was restricted, at the age above 65 years in 31.2% of the respondents. Subjectively perceived health complaints influence the lifestyle in advanced age, they influence the need and consumption of health care. In medical practice it is necessary to search for these complaints in an aimed way, to disclose their causes and influence them by early treatment. This could contribute to the improvement of the quality of life in advanced age.

[Occlusion of the ductus arteriosus in the rabbit. A light and electron microscopic study]. / Der Verschluss des Ductus arteriosus des Kaninchens--Eine licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Studie

The development of changes appearing with the closure of ductus arteriosus was followed in mature rabbit foetuses with the help of light and electron microscopy. In the foetuses, in which there was no spontaneous respiration of atmospheric air before fixation the ductus remained opened. In smooth muscle cells of the media there were enlarged cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum being partially decayed. The foetuses that respired for about one minute had the ductus contracted to various degree and the endothelial cells were expelled into the lumen. In the foetuses respiring for 10 minutes the ductus were more contracted. The endothelium was considerably waved and the agglomeration of smooth muscle cells appeared. In the endothelial and musclar cells the endoplasmic reticulum was richer, and in a lot of places considerably disturbed. The ductus of foetuses respiring for 15 minutes had the lumen completely closed. The smooth muscle cells had a significantly changed their internal structure. The possibility of the direct transformation of the endoplasmic reticulum of the smooth muscular cells into inclusion bodies during the ductus arteriosus closure is discussed.