[Shear wave elastography: possibilities of the differential diagnosis of focal and diffuse changes in various organs and tissues].

Ultrasound study (USS) using a shear wave elastography procedure was made in different groups of patients with morphologically verified focal and diffuse abnormalities of both superficial organs and structures and viscera. The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the stiffness of normal and pathologic organs and tissues were estimated; there was a significance importance of differences in benign and malignant lesions. The magnitude of fibrous changes in the hepatic parenchyma was first estimated by a USS technique; there was evidence that there were significant differences in indicators in health and various liver abnormalities.

[Ultrasound characteristics of uterine myoma before and after uterine artery embolization].

The diagnosis and treatment of uterine leiomyoma are topical problems of modern gynecology and radiodiagnosis. Organ-saving treatments for uterine myoma, one of which is uterine artery embolization, are gaining wide acceptance now. The objective of the study was to increase the informative value of ultrasound study to predict the uterine myoma after uterine artery embolization. One hundred uterine myoma patients aged 20 to 52 years were examined. Small pelvic Doppler ultrasonography was carried out in all the patients. The reduction of myomatous nodules was estimated after uterine artery embolization. The decrease in uterine myoma sizes was found to be due to the reduction in their vascularization and the occurrence of ischemia with degeneration in the myoma. Ultrasonography was found to be most accessible and informative in the prognostic and postoperative evaluation of the efficiency of X-ray endovascular treatment for uterine myoma.

[Radiation diagnosis for tuberculous gonitis in children].

Tuberculous knee joint lesion in children is the most common form of articular pathology. The high sociomedical significance of this disease in modern society is determined by not only its prevalence, but also economic losses caused by high disability rates in children. The purpose of the study was to determine the possibilities and place of a comprehensive radiation study in the diagnosis of tuberculous gonitis in children. Sixty patients aged 10 months to 18 years were examined. Clinical studies were comprehensively assessed, by taking into account the collected history data and orhthopedic and laboratory findings. Surgery was made in 26 children. All the patients underwent mutiprojection X-ray study, knee joint ultrasound study being made in 48 patients. Knee joint X-ray study was performed on Siregraph (Siemens) apparatuses. Real-time ultrasonography was conducted on Aloka SSD-1100 and Aloka--3500+ apparatuses, by employing a 7.5-MHz linear transducer. According to P.G. Kornev (1971), three phases were identified in the course of tuberculous gonitis. These included prearthritic (the development of primary ostitis); arthritic (articular cartilage destruction, followed by the development of secondary arthritis; and postarthritic (sequels of prior tuberculous osteomyelitis) phases. Analysis indicated that the use of the routine X-ray study in combination with ultrasound scanning in the diagnosis of tuberculous gonitis in children yielded more adequate information on tissue and knee joint structural changes and made it possible to define further policy treatment and to predict the outcomes of the disease.

[Ultrasound study in the evaluation of the knee joint in osteoarthrosis deformans]. / Ul'trazvukovoe issledovanie v otsenke sostoianiia kolennogo sustava pri deformiruiushchem osteoartroze.

The paper analyzes a group of 50 patients aged 25 to 55 years who had osteoarthrosis deformans of the knee joint. A control group comprised 10 healthy individuals of the same age. All the patients underwent routine roentgenography in 2 projections and ultrasonography of the knee joint by the procedure of L. Rubaltelli. The main criteria of sonographic destructive joint changes correlate with X-ray signs. The stage of the disease is defined by the magnitude of joint structural changes and by the sequence of their appearance, as shown by ultrasound study.