GSHFA-HCP: a novel intelligent high-performance clustering protocol for agricultural IoT in fragrant pear production monitoring.

The agriculture Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely applied in assisting pear farmers with pest and disease prediction, as well as precise crop management, by providing real-time monitoring and alerting capabilities. To enhance the effectiveness of agriculture IoT monitoring applications, clustering protocols are utilized in the data transmission of agricultural wireless sensor networks (AWSNs). However, the selection of cluster heads is a NP-hard problem, which cannot be solved effectively by conventional algorithms. Based on this, This paper proposes a novel AWSNs clustering model that comprehensively considers multiple factors, including node energy, node degree, average distance and delay. Furthermore, a novel high-performance cluster protocol based on Gaussian mutation and sine cosine firefly algorithm (GSHFA-HCP) is proposed to meet the practical requirements of different scenarios. The innovative Gaussian mutation strategy and sine-cosine hybrid strategy are introduced to optimize the clustering scheme effectively. Additionally, an efficient inter-cluster data transmission mechanism is designed based on distance between nodes, residual energy, and load. The experimental results show that compared with other four popular schemes, the proposed GSHFA-HCP protocol has significant performance improvement in reducing network energy consumption, extending network life and reducing transmission delay. In comparison with other protocols, GSHFA-HCP achieves optimization rates of 63.69%, 17.2%, 19.56%, and 35.78% for network lifespan, throughput, transmission delay, and packet loss rate, respectively.

Associations of parental divorce with student mental health and academic outcomes: A quantitative study in rural China.

BACKGROUND: This paper examines the prevalence, correlates, and developmental consequences of divorce among junior high school students in rural China. Specifically, we investigate the connections between parental divorce and student mental health and academic performance, while also examining whether a student's living arrangement after divorce influences these outcomes. METHODS: Data were collected from 17,955 students across 122 rural junior high schools in China on their mental health, characteristics, and academic performance. Mental health was measured using the self-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. RESULTS: About 8.4 % of the students had divorced parents, with increased risk observed for students who were only children, had migrant mothers, or had higher educated mothers (ORs = 4.35, 3.20, and 1.78, respectively; Bonferroni-adjusted p < 0.05). Students with divorced parents exhibited a higher likelihood of internalizing (0.031), externalizing (0.5) abnormality (Bonferroni-adjusted p < 0.001) and scored 0.203 SD lower on the math test (Bonferroni-adjusted p < 0.001). Living arrangements post-divorce, either with a mother or a father, equally negatively impacted student mental health and academic performance, with a mitigating effect observed when grandparental childcare was provided. LIMITATIONS: Our study faced limitations in assessing the influence of grandparental childcare on coping with parental divorce due to challenges in gauging the extent of such support for students residing with a parent after divorce. CONCLUSIONS: Parental divorce among young students in rural China is associated with adverse developmental outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted programs in rural China to mitigate these risks and provide support for young students with divorced parents.

Nanopipette dynamic microscopy unveils nano coffee ring.

Liquid-phase electron microscopy (LP-EM) imaging has revolutionized our understanding of nanosynthesis and assembly. However, the current closed geometry limits its application for open systems. The ubiquitous physical process of the coffee-ring phenomenon that underpins materials and engineering science remains elusive at the nanoscale due to the lack of experimental tools. We introduce a quartz nanopipette liquid cell with a tunable dimension that requires only standard microscopes. Depending on the imaging condition, the open geometry of the nanopipette allows the imaging of evaporation-induced pattern formation, but it can also function as an ordinary closed-geometry liquid cell where evaporation is negligible despite the nano opening. The nano coffee-ring phenomenon was observed by tracking individual nanoparticles in an evaporating nanodroplet created from a thin liquid film by interfacial instability. Nanoflows drive the assembly and disruption of a ring pattern with the absence of particle-particle correlations. With surface effects, nanoflows override thermal fluctuations at tens of nanometers, in which nanoparticles displayed a "drunken man trajectory" and performed work at a value much smaller than kBT.

The hyaluronic acid-gelatin hierarchical hydrogel for osteoporotic bone defect repairment.

Osteoporotic bone defects are serious medical problems due to their sparse bone structure, difficulty in restoration and reconstruction, and high recurrence rates, which also result in heavy economic and social burdens. Herein, we developed a hierarchical hydrogel composed of alendronate sodium (AS)/Mg2+-loaded inverse opal methylpropenylated gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel microspheres (IOHM-AS-Mgs) within methylpropenylated poly(hyaluronic acid) (HAMA) for osteoporotic bone defect treatment. The IOHM-AS-Mgs displayed good cytocompatibility and cell adhesion and strongly stimulated osteogenesis at the transcriptomic and protein levels. When this treatment was applied to the osteoporotic bone defect area, HAMA was used to fix the microspheres. The results of the microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analyses indicated that the hierarchical hydrogel had the best therapeutic effect. Therefore, this hydrogel is a new candidate for osteoporotic bone defect treatment.

Perceived Family Functioning of Adolescents with Affective Disorders: A Multicentric Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the status of family functioning and dissatisfaction of family function from the perception of adolescents with affective disorders and explore associated factors. Methods: This was a multicentric cross-sectional study conducted from April 2022 to February 2023. Adolescents with affective disorders were surveyed in representative samples drawn from three hospitals in Sichuan province, China. Data were obtained from 235 participants regarding their demographic characteristics, family characteristics, disease-related characteristics, and family functioning. Results: The study found family functioning and its' dissatisfaction both lower than national norms from the perspectives of adolescents. Younger age, single-parent family, and reconstituted family were predictors of not close of cohesion. Younger age, lower educational level of father, and reconstituted family were associated with less change of flexibility. Less times of hospitalizations, higher educational level of father, stem family were more satisfy with cohesion. Higher educational level of father, and stem family were also associated with greater satisfaction with flexibility. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the family function of adolescents of affective disorders was poor, more attention should be paid to it. Age, family structure, number of hospitalizations and the educational level of father were influencing factors of family functioning. Therefore, it is important for medical worker to assess demographic and family characteristics of adolescents with affective disorders. Younger children, children of reconstituted family and single-parent family, children with repeated hospitalizations and fathers of lower level of education should be given emphasized in implementation of interventions. Based on the evaluation results, personalized family therapy has been proved to be an affective measure and could be used in clinical work.

A novel "ON-OFF-ON" colorimetric and fluorescence dual-signal sensing APAP based on TSPP-Fe3.

Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol (APAP), is a commonly used over-the-counter medication that is often used to treat headaches, toothaches, joint pain, muscle pain, and to lower body temperature. However, overdose can lead to liver damage, gastrointestinal distress, kidney damage, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is very important to establish a method to quickly detect APAP. A novel "ON-OFF-ON" colorimetric and fluorescence dual-signal sensing system was constructed for the quantitative detection of APAP based on 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulphonatophenyl) porphyrin (TSPP) dual-signal probe. The absorbance and fluorescence intensity of TSPP respectively were quenched when Fe3+ was introduced into TSPP solution. At this point, the color of the corresponding solution changed from red to green. The absorbance and fluorescence intensity of TSPP respectively were restored when APAP was added to the TSPP-Fe3+ system. At this time, the color of the solution changed from green to colorless. Therefore, an "ON-OFF-ON" dual-signal sensing study of APAP were constructed using TSPP as the colorimetric and fluorescent probe. The proposed colorimetric sensing system had a wide linear range in the 13.12 mM âˆ¼ 23.20 mM with 0.11 mM of limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3). And the proposed fluorescence sensing system had a wide linear range in the 3.45 mM âˆ¼ 12.50 mM and 41.67 mM âˆ¼ 65.22 mM with 0.83 mM of limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3). The dual-signal sensing system were applied to the APAP detection of real samples.

Molecular epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii during COVID-19 at a hospital in northern China.

BACKGROUND: The wide spread of carbapenem-resistance clones of Acinetobacter baumannii has made it a global public problem. Some studies have shown that the prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii clones can change over time. However, few studies with respect to the change of epidemiological clones in Acinetobacter baumannii during Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) were reported. This study aims to investigate the molecular epidemiology and resistance mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii during COVID-19. RESULTS: A total of 95 non-replicated Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were enrolled in this study, of which 60.0% (n = 57) were identified as carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). The positive rate of the blaOXA-23 gene in CRAB isolates was 100%. A total of 28 Oxford sequence types (STs) were identified, of which the most prevalent STs were ST540 (n = 13, 13.7%), ST469 (n = 13, 13.7%), ST373 (n = 8, 8.4%), ST938 (n = 7, 7.4%) and ST208 (n = 6, 6.3%). Differently, the most widespread clone of Acinetobacter baumannii in China during COVID-19 was ST208 (22.1%). Further study of multidrug-resistant ST540 showed that all of them were carrying blaOXA-23, blaOXA-66, blaADC-25 and blaTEM-1D, simultaneously, and first detected Tn2009 in ST540. The blaOXA-23 gene was located on transposons Tn2006 or Tn2009. In addition, the ST540 strain also contains a drug-resistant plasmid with msr(E), armA, sul1 and mph(E) genes. CONCLUSION: The prevalent clones of Acinetobacter baumannii in our organization have changed during COVID-19, which was different from that of China. ST540 strains which carried multiple drug-resistant mobile elements was spreading, indicating that it is essential to strengthen the molecular epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii.

Psychometric properties of the Short-Form Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire among nursing students in China: A confirmatory factor analysis.

AIM: To analyse the factorial structure and psychometric properties of the Chinese Short-Form Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-SF) among nursing students in the Chinese mainland. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. METHODS: A total of 240 undergraduate nursing students were recruited from a school of nursing in Beijing, China from 25 to 30 April 2021. FFMQ-SF and Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale were used to collect information on the mindfulness level and mental health status of the study participants. Descriptive analyses were performed to examine the demographic characteristics. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were used to test the structural, convergent and discriminant validity of the scale model. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between the variables and the criterion validity. RESULTS: The overall fit of the scale model is good (Bollen-Stine χ2 = 177.206, df = 142, GFI = 0.923, AGFI = 0.883, TLI = 0.980, CFI = 0.983, RMSEA = 0.032, SRMR = 0.090). One-factor models using CFA demonstrated the overall best fit for four out of five subscales of the FFMQ-SF. In the five-factor CFA of the FFMQ-SF, the composite reliability values of the five factors were from 0.685 to 0.870 and the values of average variance extracted were from 0.426 to 0.627. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: The students who participated in this study contributed to the advancement of knowledge on mindfulness and mental health among nursing students in China. They voluntarily completed the online questionnaires and provided their honest and valid responses. Their data was used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the FFMQ-SF and to examine the relationship between mindfulness and psychological problems. Their feedback also helped to improve the quality and applicability of the FFMQ-SF instrument for future research and practice.

Association between 29 food groups of diet quality questionnaire and perceived stress in Chinese adults: a prospective study from China health and nutrition survey.

PURPOSE: Diet plays a fundamental role in promoting resilience against stress-related disorders. We aimed to examine the overall and sex-specific association between food groups and perceived stress in adults. METHODS: We analyzed the prospective data of 7,434 adults who completed both the 2011 and 2015 surveys of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). The Diet Quality Questionnaire (DQQ) was used to code all the food items of 2011 dietary intake into 29 food groups, and perceived stress in 2015 was measured using a 14-item perceived stress scale (PSS-14). Univariate analysis and logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between food groups and perceived stress. RESULTS: People who perceived a higher level of stress (PSS-14 total score > 25) made up 41.5% and 45.1% of the male and female groups, respectively (χ2 = 9.605, p = 0.002). Individuals with increased intake of food groups such as legumes, other vegetables, other fruits, yogurt, poultry, fish & seafood, fluid milk, and fruit juice were less likely to experience a higher level of psychological stress (OR range: 0.544-0.892, p < 0.05). Additionally, we found sex-specific associations between food groups and perceived stress. The difference in the proportion of food groups, such as fluid milk and fish & seafood, between the two stress groups in men was statistically significant (p < 0.025). In the female group, the distribution of eight food groups, like legumes and nuts & seeds, between the two stress groups was statistically significant (p < 0.025). CONCLUSION: This study indicated that food groups were differentially associated with perceived stress.

Comparative genomic analysis of Bacillus atrophaeus HAB-5 reveals genes associated with antimicrobial and plant growth-promoting activities.

Bacillus atrophaeus HAB-5 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) that exhibits several biotechnological traits, such as enhancing plant growth, colonizing the rhizosphere, and engaging in biocontrol activities. In this study, we conducted whole-genome sequencing of B. atrophaeus HAB-5 using the single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing platform by Pacific Biosciences (PacBio; United States), which has a circular chromosome with a total length of 4,083,597 bp and a G + C content of 44.21%. The comparative genomic analysis of B. atrophaeus HAB-5 with other strains, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSM7, B. atrophaeus SRCM101359, Bacillus velezensis FZB42, B. velezensis HAB-2, and Bacillus subtilis 168, revealed that these strains share 2,465 CDSs, while 599 CDSs are exclusive to the B. atrophaeus HAB-5 strain. Many gene clusters in the B. atrophaeus HAB-5 genome are associated with the production of antimicrobial lipopeptides and polypeptides. These gene clusters comprise distinct enzymes that encode three NRPs, two Transat-Pks, one terpene, one lanthipeptide, one T3PKS, one Ripp, and one thiopeptide. In addition to the likely IAA-producing genes (trpA, trpB, trpC, trpD, trpE, trpS, ywkB, miaA, and nadE), there are probable genes that produce volatile chemicals (acoA, acoB, acoR, acuB, and acuC). Moreover, HAB-5 contained genes linked to iron transportation (fbpA, fetB, feuC, feuB, feuA, and fecD), sulfur metabolism (cysC, sat, cysK, cysS, and sulP), phosphorus solubilization (ispH, pstA, pstC, pstS, pstB, gltP, and phoH), and nitrogen fixation (nif3-like, gltP, gltX, glnR, glnA, nadR, nirB, nirD, nasD, narl, narH, narJ, and nark). In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive genomic analysis of B. atrophaeus HAB-5, pinpointing the genes and genomic regions linked to the antimicrobial properties of the strain. These findings advance our knowledge of the genetic basis of the antimicrobial properties of B. atrophaeus and imply that HAB-5 may employ a variety of commercial biopesticides and biofertilizers as a substitute strategy to increase agricultural output and manage a variety of plant diseases.

Mutation in Bruton Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) A428D confers resistance To BTK-degrader therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Targeting BTK has profoundly changed the face of CLL treatment over the past decade. Iterative advances in the cat and mouse game of resistance and redesign have moved BTK inhibitors from covalent to non-covalent and now targeted protein degraders. However, contrary to the presumption that protein degraders may be impervious to mutations in BTK, we now present clinical evidence that a mutation in the kinase domain of BTK, namely A428D, can confer disease resistance to a BTK degrader currently in clinical trials, that is BGB-16673. Modeling of a BTK A428D mutation places a negatively charged aspartic acid in place of the hydrophobic side chain of alanine within the binding pocket of another BTK-degrader in clinical development, namely NX-2127, suggesting that CLL cells with BTK A428D also may be resistant to NX-2127, as they already are known to be with either non-covalent or covalent inhibitors of BTK. Consequently, the two BTK degraders furthest advanced in clinical trials potentially may select for CLL cells with BTK A428D that are resistant to all approved BTKi's.

CTHRC1 is associated with BRAF(V600E) mutation and correlates with prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and drug resistance in colon cancer, thyroid cancer, and melanoma.

Colon cancer, thyroid cancer, and melanoma are common malignant tumors that seriously threaten human health globally. The B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF)(V600E) mutation is an important driver gene mutation in these cancer types. In this study, we identified that collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) expression was associated with the BRAF(V600E) mutation in colon cancer, thyroid cancer, and melanoma. Based on database analysis and clinical tissue studies, CTHRC1 was verified to correlate with poor prognosis and worse clinicopathological features in colon cancer and thyroid cancer patients, but not in patients with melanoma. Several signaling pathways, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy markers were associated with CTHRC1 expression. Additionally, a high level of CTHRC1 was correlated with decreased sensitivity to antitumor drugs (vemurafenib, PLX-4720, dabrafenib, and SB-590885) targeting the BRAF(V600E) mutation. This study provides evidence of a significant correlation between CTHRC1 and the BRAF(V600E) mutation, suggesting its potential utility as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in human colon cancer, thyroid cancer, and melanoma.

Tryptophan transport gene inactivation promotes the development of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli.

Indole serves as a signaling molecule that could regulate different bacterial physiological processes, including antibiotic resistance through biofilm formation and drug efflux pump activity. In Escherichia coli (E. coli), indole is produced through the tryptophan pathway, which involves three permeases (Mtr, AroP, and TnaB) that can transport the amino acid tryptophan. Although these permeases paly distinct roles in the secretion of indole biosynthesis, their impact on multidrug resistance mediated by indole remained unclear. This study was designed to investigate the connection between the tryptophan transport system and antibiotic resistance by constructing seven gene deletion mutants from E. coli MG1655 (wild type). Our result showed that deletion of the aroP or tnaB gene led to increased antibiotic resistance as evaluated by MICs for different antibiotics. Efflux activity test results revealed that the increased antibiotic resistance was related with the AcrAB-Tolc drug efflux pump in the mutants. Transcriptome analysis further demonstrated that decreased susceptibility to kanamycin and ampicillin in E. coli was accompanied by reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased motility. These findings highlight the substantial influence of the tryptophan transport system on antibiotic resistance in E.coli, which is crucial for developing strategies against antibiotic resistance in bacterial infections.

Formononetin Derivative for Osteoporosis by Simultaneous Regulating Osteoblast and Osteoclast.

Seven new formononetin derivatives (1-7) were designed and prepared from formononetin (phase II phytoestrogen). The derivatives 9-butyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydro-4H,8H-chromeno[8,7-e][1,3]oxazin-4-one (2) and 9-(furan-3-ylmethyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydro-4H,8H-chromeno[8,7-e][1,3]oxazin-4-one (7) promoted significant osteoblast formation by modulating the BMP/Smad pathway. Compound 7 exhibited potent antiosteoclastogenesis activity in RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells and ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis in mice by regulation of the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway. Compound 7 regulated osteoblast and osteoclast simultaneously and showed better effect than the well-known drug ipriflavone in vivo, suggesting 7 as a patented antiosteoporosis candidate.

Photo-assisted chemical self-rechargeable zinc ion batteries with high charging and discharging efficiency.

Chemically self-recharging zinc ion batteries (ZIBs), which are capable of auto-recharging in ambient air, are promising in self-powered battery systems. Nevertheless, the exclusive reliance on chemical energy from oxygen for ZIBs charging often would bring some obstacles in charging efficiency. Herein, we develop photo-assisted chemically self-recharging aqueous ZIBs with a heterojunction of MoS2/SnO2 cathode, which are favorable to enhancing both the charging and discharging efficiency as well as the chemical self-charging capabilities under illumination. The photo-assisted process promotes the electron transfer from MoS2/SnO2 to oxygen, accelerating the occurrence of the oxidation reaction during chemical self-charging. Furthermore, the electrons within the MoS2/SnO2 cathode exhibit a low transfer impedance under illumination, which is beneficial to reducing the migration barrier of Zn2+ within the cathode and thereby facilitating the uniform inserting of Zn2+ into MoS2/SnO2 cathode during discharging. This photo-assisted chemical self-recharging mechanism enables ZIBs to attain a maximum self-charging potential of 0.95 V within 3 hours, a considerable self-charging capacity of 202.5 mAh g-1 and excellent cycling performance in a self-charging mode. This work not only provides a route for optimizing chemical self-charging energy storage, but also broadens the potential application of aqueous ZIBs.

Liposomal irinotecan (HR070803) in combination with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with advanced solid tumors: a phase 1b dose-escalation and expansion study.

This phase 1b study aimed to evaluate the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), maximum tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics, and preliminary efficacy of HR070803, a novel nanoliposomal formulation of irinotecan, in combination with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with pretreated advanced solid tumors. This study consisted of dose-escalation and expansion stages. Dose escalation was performed with a traditional 3 + 3 design; patients received intravenous infusion of HR070803 from 60 to 80 mg/m2, followed by leucovorin (200 mg/m2) and 5-fluorouracil (2000 mg/m2) every 2 weeks. In the expansion stage, patients received treatments at selected tolerable dose. Fifteen patients received treatments at 60 mg/m2 (n = 12) and 80 mg/m2 (n = 3). DLTs occurred in 2 patients at 80 mg/m2 (grade 2 neutropenia that resulted in a dose delay of ≥ 7 days, n = 1; grade 3 febrile neutropenia, n = 1). The MTD was determined to be 60 mg/m2. The most frequent HR070803related adverse events included anorexia, leukopenia, neutropenia, nausea, fatigue, and diarrhea. SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan, exhibited lower maximum plasma concentrations and a prolonged terminal half-life when irinotecan was administered via nanoliposome compared to conventional injection. Overall, 4 patients achieved a partial response (confirmed, n = 2), and 9 had stable disease. The MTD of HR070803 was 60 mg/m2 when infused with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin. Nanoliposomal encapsulation modified the pharmacokinetics of irinotecan and SN-38. HR070803 with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin demonstrated a manageable safety profile and promising antitumor efficacy in advanced solid tumors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05086848. Retrospectively registered on Oct. 12, 2021.

Zno nanoparticles: improving photosynthesis, shoot development, and phyllosphere microbiome composition in tea plants.

BACKGROUND: Nanotechnology holds revolutionary potential in the field of agriculture, with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) demonstrating advantages in promoting crop growth. Enhanced photosynthetic efficiency is closely linked to improved vigor and superior quality in tea plants, complemented by the beneficial role of phyllosphere microorganisms in maintaining plant health. However, the effects of ZnO NPs on the photosynthesis of tea plants, the sprouting of new shoots, and the community of phyllosphere microorganisms have not been fully investigated. RESULTS: This study investigated the photosynthetic physiological parameters of tea plants under the influence of ZnO NPs, the content of key photosynthetic enzymes such as RubisCO, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, transcriptomic and extensive targeted metabolomic profiles of leaves and new shoots, mineral element composition in these tissues, and the epiphytic and endophytic microbial communities within the phyllosphere. The results indicated that ZnO NPs could enhance the photosynthesis of tea plants, upregulate the expression of some genes related to photosynthesis, increase the accumulation of photosynthetic products, promote the development of new shoots, and alter the content of various mineral elements in the leaves and new shoots of tea plants. Furthermore, the application of ZnO NPs was observed to favorably influence the microbial community structure within the phyllosphere of tea plants. This shift in microbial community dynamics suggests a potential for ZnO NPs to contribute to plant health and productivity by modulating the phyllosphere microbiome. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that ZnO NPs have a positive impact on the photosynthesis of tea plants, the sprouting of new shoots, and the community of phyllosphere microorganisms, which can improve the growth condition of tea plants. These findings provide new scientific evidence for the application of ZnO NPs in sustainable agricultural development and contribute to advancing research in nanobiotechnology aimed at enhancing crop yield and quality.

Oatmeal-derived carbon loaded with Pt nanoparticles using a "two-fold benefit approach" for sensitive detection of the biomolecule adrenaline.

In this study, we innovatively synthesized nitrogen-doped carbon microspheres (NCS) derived from oatmeal. By utilizing polyoxometalates (POM) as both reducing and linking agents, we achieved uniform loading of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) onto the surface of the NCS. The composite nanoparticles constructed from Pt/polyoxometalate/nitrogen-doped carbon microspheres (Pt/POM/NCS) fully exploit the synergistic catalytic effect, demonstrating superior performance in adrenaline detection. The method has a linear range of 2.59 to 1109.59 µM, a detection limit as low as 0.25 µM (S/N = 3), and a sensitivity of 0.74 µA µM-1 cm-2. Additionally, it exhibits high stability and strong anti-interference ability. The recoveries in human serum were 98.51 % to 101.25 %.

Effects of Mindfulness and Life-Skills Training on Emotion Regulation and Anxiety Symptoms in Chinese Migrant Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

PURPOSE: China's rapid urbanization has been associated with increased mental health challenges, especially in rural-to-urban migrant children. This study evaluates the effects of mindfulness and life-skills (LS) training on emotional regulation and anxiety symptoms from a randomized controlled trial aimed at improving the mental health of Chinese migrant children. METHODS: Two intervention arms-mindfulness training (MT) and MT plus LS mentorship (MT + LS)-were compared to a waitlist control group of 368 migrant children aged 9-17 years. Volunteers were trained to deliver interventions to 285 migrant children in small groups of 15 for eight weeks weekly. Social integration varied: migrant children mixed with local children at public schools were considered highly integrated, those in migrant-only classrooms at public schools had intermediate levels of integration, and children in private migrant schools had low integration. Emotion regulation and anxiety symptoms were assessed preintervention, postintervention, and three months postintervention. RESULTS: Postintervention and compared to the control group, children with high social integration in the MT arm showed increased cognitive reappraisal ability (p < .05) but higher physical anxiety (p < .01). Children with high social integration in the MT + LS arm had lower anxiety symptoms of harm avoidance (p < .01) and physical anxiety (p < .05). Children with low social integration in the MT + LS arm showed lower cognitive reappraisal (p < .01) and poorer overall emotion regulation abilities (p < .01). Three months later, children with intermediate integration in the MT + LS arm had lower separation anxiety (p < .05) and harm avoidance anxiety (p < .05). No other groups showed significant improvements in emotion regulation or reducing in anxiety symptoms three months postintervention. DISCUSSION: Mindfulness and LS training may benefit Chinese migrant children who have higher levels of social integration but increase anxiety in those with lower social integration. Future research should consider the sociocultural context in which a treatment is implemented.

Analyzing urinary hippuric acid as a metabolic health biomarker through a supramolecular architecture.

The prevalence of metabolic disorders has been found to increase concomitantly with alternations in habitual diet and lifestyle, indicating the importance of metabolic health monitoring for early warning of high-risk status and suggesting effective intervention strategies. Hippuric acid (HA), as one of the most abundant metabolites from the gut microbiota, holds potential as a regulator of metabolic health. Accordingly, it is imperative to establish an efficient, sensitive, and affordable method for large-scale population monitoring, revealing the association between HA level and metabolic disorders. Upon systematic screening of macrocycle•dye reporter pair, a supramolecular architecture (guanidinomethyl-modified calix[5]arene, GMC5A) was employed to sense urinary HA by employing fluorescein (Fl), whose complexation behavior was demonstrated by theoretical calculations, accomplishing quantification of HA in urine from 249 volunteers in the range of 0.10 mM and 10.93 mM. Excitedly, by restricted cubic spline, urinary HA concentration was found to have a significantly negative correlation with the risk of metabolic disorders when it exceeded 0.76 mM, suggesting the importance of dietary habits, especially the consumption of fruits, coffee, and tea, which was unveiled from a simple questionnaire survey. In this study, we accomplished a high throughput and sensitive detection of urinary HA based on supramolecular sensing with the GMC5A•Fl reporter pair, which sheds light on the rapid quantification of urinary HA as an indicator of metabolic health status and early intervention by balancing the daily diet.