[Incidence and risk factors of surgical site infection following caesarean section in a Tunisian maternity unit]. / Incidence et facteurs de risque de l'infection du site opératoire après césarienne dans une maternité de Tunisie.

INTRODUCTION: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major health concern and is one of the most common complications following caesarean section, with an incidence of 3%-15%. With the worldwide increase in caesarean section rates, the incidence of SSI is expected to increase in parallel. This study was designed to estimate the incidence and determine the risk factors of SSI after caesarean section in an Obstetrics and Gynaecology department in the Kairouan region in Tunisia. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of all patients who delivered by caesarean section between December 2015 and February 2016 was conducted in the Kairouan Obstetrics and Gynaecology department. The clinical status of these women was monitored during the 30-day postoperative period (in the outpatients department, emergency room or they were contacted by phone). A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors. RESULTS: Of the 714 patients admitted for caesarean delivery, 636 (89%) were monitored for 30 days. Thirty-two of these women were diagnosed with SSI, corresponding to an incidence of 5% (95% CI = 3.3%; 6.6%). 87.5% (n = 28) of SSI were superficial and 12.5% (n = 4) were complex (deep and organ/space). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the woman's age as a risk factor of SSI (RR = 1.07 for every year increment, 95% CI = 1.007; 1.17), whereas drainage was identified as a protective factor (RR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.05; 0.48). CONCLUSION: This study identified the incidence and risk factors of postoperative infection following caesarean section. Prevention of these infections should be a public health priority.

[Clinical and therapeutic aspects of post-partum cerebral thrombophlebites]. / Les aspects cliniques et thérapeutiques des thrombophlébites cérébrales du post-partum.

Cerebral thrombophlebites are rare but life-threatening conditions (1/5000 births). Pregnancy and postpartum are predisposing factors: clinical presentation vary and may be misleading, dominated by headaches, convulsions and neurological deficits but showing no specific features. Physical examination often generates informations unavailable and misleading because cerebral thrombophlebites share symptoms with other affections. A definitive diagnosis can be made only neuroradiologically. Brain MRI is currently the reference method; it allows visualization of the venous thrombus and its evolution. The treatment of cerebral thrombophlebites is essentially medical based on anticoagulant drugs. We here report four cases with post partum cerebral thrombophlebites. The aim of our study and review of the literature is to highlight the importance of early diagnosis and adequate therapy.