Strategies to Build Readiness in Community Mobilization Efforts for Implementation in a Multi-Year Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative.

PURPOSE: This paper describes an assessment of community readiness to implement a community-wide teen pregnancy prevention initiative, Youth First, and presents strategies used to enhance this readiness as informed by the assessment. METHODS: Twenty-five community stakeholder interviews were conducted to assess four domains of readiness: (1) attitudes, perception, and knowledge of teen pregnancy; (2) perceived level of readiness; (3) resources, existing and current efforts; and (4) leadership. Interview transcripts were coded and analyzed to identify key themes. RESULTS: Stakeholders acknowledged teen pregnancy as an issue but lacked contextual information. They also perceived the community as ready to address the issue and recognized some organizations already championing efforts. However, many key players were not involved, and ongoing data collection to assess teen pregnancy and prevention efforts was limited. Though many stakeholders were ready to engage in teen pregnancy prevention efforts, they required additional information and training to appropriately address the issue. CONCLUSIONS: In response to the assessment findings, several strategies were applied to address readiness and build Youth First partners' capacity to implement the community-wide initiative. Thus, to successfully implement community-wide prevention efforts, it is valuable to assess the level of community readiness to address health issues.

Enhancing Adolescent Reproductive Health Services: Assessment of Health Care Practices in Holyoke and Springfield, MA Engaged in the Youth First Initiative.

Health care practices can play a key role in reducing teen pregnancies, though current health care systems do not adequately meet adolescents' reproductive health needs. To address this gap, Youth First, a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded, community-wide initiative in Holyoke and Springfield (Massachusetts) established partnerships with nine local health care practices to increase adolescent access to health services. However, we had limited knowledge about their reproductive health services and policies. To address this gap, assessments were conducted with staff using structured interviews and surveys to inform targeted efforts to enhance the quality and youth friendliness of adolescent reproductive health services. Findings revealed that many of the youth-friendly services best practices recommended by the CDC were not routinely implemented by all health care practices. Findings from this assessment can be used to support health care practices to facilitate widespread adoption of best practices related to meeting adolescents' reproductive health needs.

Structural and organizational characteristics associated with performance of essential public health services in small jurisdictions: findings from a statewide study in Massachusetts.

BACKGROUND: This study examined jurisdictional, organizational, and structural characteristics associated with capacity to deliver 10 essential public health services (EPHS) in Massachusetts, a state where a majority of local public health departments serve small municipalities. DESIGN: A survey was administered to local health directors or board of health chairs. MEASURES: The main outcome of the study was capacity to perform EPHS, measured by a 25-item screening tool. RESULTS: Seventy percent of the 351 boards of health in Massachusetts participated in the study. Greatest capacity was demonstrated in EPHS 2 (Diagnose and Investigate Health Problems) and EPHS 6 (Enforce Laws and Regulations). The capacity to perform the 8 other essential services was limited. Bivariate analysis indicates that overall capacity to perform EPHS is significantly associated with population size, poverty rate, annual municipal budget, and perceived understanding of the roles and responsibilities of local boards of health among elected municipal officials. The latter was the strongest predictor of overall capacity in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Findings are aligned with studies examining factors associated with capacity to perform EPHS in large public health jurisdictions. The results suggest that one strategy for improving capacity to perform EPHS in smaller jurisdictions is to educate elected municipal leaders about the responsibilities of local health officials. Clarification regarding the role small jurisdictions with limited resources can play to ensure the equitable delivery of essential public health services and a strategy for measuring their contributions is important, especially as the national public health accreditation program gains momentum in the United States.