Prophylactic Celecoxib Administration Is Associated With Decreased Incidence and Severity of Heterotopic Ossification After Hip Resurfacing by Direct Lateral Approach in Male Patients.

Heterotopic ossification is a potential complication that may have a particularly higher association with hip resurfacing. The 2 current mainstays for heterotopic ossification treatment and prophylaxis are administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and radiotherapy. Recent studies have determined that celecoxib is effective in heterotopic ossification prophylaxis after total hip arthroplasty. However, considering the reportedly higher incidence and severity of heterotopic ossification in these patients, relatively few studies have evaluated its role in hip resurfacing. Therefore, the authors assessed the incidence, severity, and risk factors of heterotopic ossification in patients who had hip resurfacing and did or did not receive celecoxib. Of the 198 patients, 83 received celecoxib and 115 did not. Radiographs were examined to grade heterotopic ossification using the Brooker classification system. The rate of heterotopic ossification differed between patients who did and patients who did not receive celecoxib prophylaxis (25% vs 65%, P<.001). Celecoxib was an independent predictor of decreased heterotopic ossification (odds ratio, 0.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.08-0.35). Celecoxib administration is associated with decreased incidence and severity of heterotopic ossification after hip resurfacing performed using the direct lateral approach in male patients. [Orthopedics. 2018; 41(6):e807-e812.].

Hematologic Malignancies Are Associated with Adverse Perioperative Outcomes following Total Knee Arthroplasty.

The treatment of hematologic malignancies has advanced over the years, resulting in an improved survival of patients. As a result, these patients may be a part of the increasing population requiring total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however, they might be at a higher risk of adverse perioperative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the perioperative outcomes (complications, length of stay [LOS], and costs) of patients with hematologic malignancies following TKA. This study used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) to identify patients who underwent TKA in the United States from 2000 to 2011. Patients diagnosed with any hematologic malignancy (N = 24,714) were then stratified by Hodgkin's disease (N = 791), Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (N = 7,096), plasma cell dyscrasias (N = 1,621), leukemia (N = 8,005), myeloproliferative disease (N = 5,746), and/or myelodysplastic syndromes (N = 1,608) for determining the complications that occurred during admission. Propensity matching was performed for demographics, hospital characteristics, and comorbidities, which yielded 24,491 patients with any hematologic malignancy and 24,458 control patients. Additionally, propensity matching was performed for the hematologic malignancy subtypes. Multivariable regression models were used to analyze the surgical and medical complications, LOS, and costs. The annual frequency of THA in patients with any hematologic malignancy increased from 2000 to 2011 (p < 0.0001). Hematologic malignancies were associated with an increased risk of any surgery-related complication (odds ratio [OR] = 1.31, p < 0.0001) and any general medical complication (OR = 1.38, p < 0.0001). Patients with any hematologic malignancy had increased odds of complications, including acute postoperative anemia (OR = 1.29, p < 0.0001), hematoma/seroma (OR = 1.65, p < 0.02), peripheral vascular disease (OR = 2.23, p = 0.046), deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (OR = 1.95, p = 0.02), and blood transfusion (OR = 1.61, p < 0.0001). Hematologic malignancies were associated with an increased incremental LOS (0.13 d, p < 0.0001) and an increased incremental cost ($788, p < 0.0001). Thus, we conclude that following TKA, patients with hematologic malignancies are at an increased risk of perioperative complications, longer LOS, and higher costs. The risk quantification for adverse perioperative outcomes in association with an increased cost may help design different risk stratification and reimbursement methods in such patients when undergoing TKA.

The Effect of Pelvic Tilt and Femoral Head Size on Hip Range-of-Motion to Impingement.

BACKGROUND: About 50%-70% of dislocators have cups placed within so-called "safe zones." It has been postulated that factors such as femoral head size and pelvic tilt, obliquity, or rotation may influence postoperative stability. Therefore, we assessed varying degrees of pelvic tilt and head sizes on the range of motion (ROM) to impingement. METHODS: A hip simulator was used to import models of 10 subjects who performed object pickup, squatting, and low-chair rising. Parameters were set for pelvic tilt, stem version, and the specific motions as defined by the subjects. Femur-to-pelvis relative motions were determined for abduction/adduction, internal/external rotation, and flexion/extension. Varying tilt angles were tested. Thirty-two millimeter and 36-mm head with a standard cup and 42-mm dual mobility cup were tested. Cup orientations for abduction and anteversion combinations were chosen, and computations of minimum clearances or impingement between components were made. RESULTS: The ROM to impingement varied with the different pelvic tilts and femoral head sizes and with the different motions. The larger the head size, the larger the impingement-free ROM. Negative 10° of pelvic tilt led to the largest impingement-free zone, whereas 10° of forward tilt was associated with fewer impingement-free cup anteversion and abduction angle combinations. Variations in pelvic tilt had the greatest influence on object pickup and affected the impingement-free "safe zone." CONCLUSION: Targets for impingement-free motion may be smaller when considering varying pelvic tilts and femoral head sizes, particularly for certain activities, such as object pickup. These findings may indicate the need for more individualized patient planning.

Radiographic Classification Systems for Osteonecrosis of the Knee: A Review of Literature.

Knee osteonecrosis is a rare, yet debilitating disease that can lead to knee joint destruction and can be associated with significant pain and disability. Various imaging modalities have different roles in the diagnosis, staging, management, and determination of the prognosis in knee osteonecrosis. Plain radiographic images can show gross joint destruction and secondary arthritic changes. In addition, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the gold-standard imaging modality to diagnose osteonecrosis. Multiple classification systems have been developed for knee osteonecrosis based on these imaging modalities. The goal of these systems is to stage the disease and guide management. Better understanding of the pattern of the lesions and its morphometric characteristics may allow surgeons to reach a better consensus regarding the timing of surgical treatment, choice of implant, and overall disease prognosis in these unique patients. Due to the relative paucity of evidence, this review was conducted to evaluate different radiological classification systems utilized in osteonecrosis of the knee joint.