Pediatric Dental Patients are Part of a Larger Picture: Detailing Population Realities.

The traditional setting of a dental practice may offer pediatric dentists a potentially isolated picture of the general health and use of health services by youngsters in their community. Results from the latest National Health Interview Survey are reviewed to provide broad dimensions to supplement and reinforce the general and specific information usually developed regarding individual patients.

Increasing use of dental services by children, but many are unable to secure needed care.

National studies indicate that an increasing proportion of children are receiving needed oral health care. However, this increase is not uniform throughout all populations of youngsters. Overall national study findings regarding the use of dental services mask the fact that, a significant subset of low-income, minority, medically and developmentally compromised and socially vulnerable children continue to lack access to care and suffer significant and consequential dental and oral disease. In addition, these same children will face continued difficulties in securing needed care as they reach their early adult years.

Pediatric dental practice and changing population demographics: a commentary.

US. Census Bureau reports for the 2010 census detail the slowing overall growth of the number of children with specific emphasis on the increasing proportion of Hispanic children in the population. A review of these data is considered in terms of the potential impact on pediatric dental practices.

Well-being of Hispanic children in the United States.

The availability of general information about the economic, health and social well being of Hispanic children in the United States is essential for dental and other health practitioners. Only recently have government and private agencies moved beyond the standard presentation of information by traditional "white, black and other" groupings. The need is to develop an increased awareness of the different factors which affect children in general, and in particular Hispanic children. An overview is carried out to stimulate such an effort.

Dentistry and childhood poverty in the United States.

The proportion and numbers of children living in low income families and without health insurance continues to increase. The magnitude of these problems is considered at localized levels in terms of the impact on the use of dental services.

Dentistry for Mexicans with special needs: a commentary.

There are more than 2 million residents with disabilities in Mexico. Despite national legislation to assure individuals with disabilities needed services, including education and employment, social inclusion of these individuals is difficult since societal views exclude them from functioning as members of a community. While there are no national studies of the dental needs of individuals with disabilities in Mexico, reports of the general population indicate limited use of dental services and the need for increased restorative services. Examples of dental education accreditation standards in other countries are used as models for the improvement in the preparation of dental students to provide services for individual with special needs.

Oral and general health of Hispanic children with disabilities in the United States.

Hispanic residents are the fastest growing population of the U.S. Only recently have government agencies begun to identify the associated demographic facts and inequities which are specific to this population. In particular limited attention has been directed to Hispanic children with disabilities. Available government reports are used to provide a basic awareness of the oral and general health needs of this population of youngsters.

In 1999, the number of children (and adults) without health insurance decreased, but....

The Census Bureau announced in mid 2000 that, between 1989 and 1999, the number of children (and adults) without health insurance decreased. The continued lack of health insurance in many population groups and the limitations of Medicaid (the primary third party coverage for one-in-five children) are explored.

Dental education for New York State residents in the 1990s and beyond.

There was a continuing decrease in the 1990s in the number of New Yorkers admitted to out-of-state dental schools, with particular dependence on two out-of-state schools.

New York State--dental establishments--keep getting larger.

Bureau of the Census data, through the end of the 1990s, indicate a continuing increase in the size of dental establishments. A review at the national, state and county levels document these developments for New York State.

1,304,594 births to unmarried women in 1999.

The National Center for Health Statistics reported that out-of-wedlock child-bearing has leveled off or slowed down in 1999. But in almost every single year between 1940 and 1999 the number of births to unmarried women increased. In 1999, more than 1.3 million children were born to unmarried women. A review is provided of these developments through the end of the 1990s, together with 1) the economics of single parenthood,2) the reality that increasing numbers of these new mothers ar in the general workforce and 3) the added impact of youngsters with mental retardation and other disabilities on single parent families.

Community-based dental services for patients with special needs.

Deinstitutionalization of individuals with mental retardation and developmental disabilities has increased the demand for dental services for these patients by community practitioners. There are numerous difficulties associated with the delivery of care to this population with special needs. Nevertheless, a county-by-county review for New York State indicates that in most instances, if all dentists are willing to help, there would be a relatively small number of these patients per dental practitioner.

Cultural diversity: caring for minority children with mental retardation and other disabilities.

Providing services for minority group children with mental retardation and other disabilities can challenge the abilities of any dental practitioner. The added challenge, however, is for the practitioner to recognize and understand the different cultures which can and do affect the relationships between the practitioner, the patient, the family, and the care that is provided. An introduction is provided to these complex and diverse minority group family settings which increasingly are becoming a component of our communities.

Favorable dental economics could belie coming crisis.

In the 1990s, the general economy, as well as the economics of dental practice, were favorable. Should there be an extended period of economic downturn, three factors could be cause for economic concern; the wide ranges in spending for dental services in different parts of the country, the reliance on out-of-pocket spending for dental care, and the minimal level of government spending for these services.

Low birthweight babies grow older, but there could be many problems.

An increasing number of low birthweight babies are surviving into their teen years and beyond, but with lifelong problems- including physical, intellectual and behavior difficulties. In the past, the indicators and measures used to evaluate health outcome have been selected from the perspective of the health care provider. There have been considerable skepticism as to the ability of parents to provide data about the development of their children. But practitioners often must rely upon the parent/guardian of children (particularly children with developmental and /or emotional disabilities) for significant input. This input is essential, but should be considered within the context of raising a child with special health care needs.

A quarter of a million dollars to raise a child born in 2000: and if the child is disabled....

Raising children in the year 2000 and beyond will be expensive. A review of actual costs by expense categories and a variety of family demographic characteristics provides practitioners with an appreciation of the competitive financial realities faced by many families. An added review of the costs of raising children with disabilities adds further dimension to the financial pressures placed on many families.

Pockets of childhood poverty persisted despite a strong economy in the late 1990s: impact in special cases.

Governmental and private agency reports provide varying views on childhood poverty levels during the final years of the 1990s. A review of these reports reveals that significant levels of childhood poverty continue, particularly in single parent households. The impact on children with special health care needs is considered.