Assessing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Patient-Facing Websites in Neurosurgical Departments in the United States.

BACKGROUND: Patient-facing websites serve as essential platforms for disseminating information, engaging with patients, and increasing access to neurosurgical resources and services. Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion are at the forefront of issues facing the field of neurosurgery, especially concerning race and gender disparities in regards to providers in the field. METHODS: Data were collected in regards to the race and gender of patients and providers displayed on the neurosurgery department's patient-facing website in addition to accommodations for disabilities, decreased ability to pay, and language. RESULTS: Patients who were White were depicted more commonly than those of color (69% vs. 31%, P < 0.00001). White patients also were over-represented when compared with the average demographics of the communities in which the hospitals served (P = 0.03846). Neurosurgical providers who were White outnumbered those of color (70% vs. 30%, P < 0.00001). The racial depiction of providers was comparable with racial disparities currently observed in neurosurgery (P = 0.59612). Female neurosurgery providers were seen less than male providers on patient-facing websites (P < 0.00001) but were seen more commonly on patient-facing websites than the percentage of practicing neurosurgeons they currently comprise (28% vs. 8%, P < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that patient-facing websites of neurosurgical departments are an area of improvement in regards to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the field of neurosurgery. Disparities are noted in regards to the racial depiction of patients and further call to attention racial and gender disparities in the field of neurosurgery.

The Subjective Experiences of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder of Chinese Families in Hong Kong: Co-Construction of Meanings in Multiple Family Groups.

The subjective experiences of Chinese children in Hong Kong with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are underexplored. This article reports the results of a qualitative study that aims to understand the subjective experiences of children with ADHD in Hong Kong, taken from among a clinical sample of Chinese families with children struggling with ADHD who have participated in cross-disciplinary research of multiple family groups (MFG). The participating children revealed the subjective experiences of their struggle with the disorder in response to their parents' concern at a "press conference," one of the MFG activities, which underscored the importance of developing a new social work model to meet the multiple psychosocial service needs of these families. The article concludes with the discussion of the implications for the new model.