ABSTRACT
Purpose: The aim of the present prospective follow-up study was to explore the early indicators of hypothyroidism and the final changes in thyroid volume in subacute thyroiditis (SAT) patients. Methods: We enrolled 61 SAT patients and followed them up for 2 years to assess the incidence of hypothyroidism and changes in thyroid volume. Binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used for data analysis. Results: During the 2 years follow-up period, we found that the volumes of the thyroid gland in SAT patients at 1 and 2 years were significantly smaller than those in the healthy control group, which were significantly smaller compared to the initial thyroid volumes after SAT onset (p < 0.001). Also, the thyroid volumes of SAT patients with hypothyroidism were significantly smaller than those of SAT patients without hypothyroidism. The early maximum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values (within 3 months after SAT onset) were closely related to the incidence of hypothyroidism at 2 years. The OR value was 1.18 (95% CI = 1.01-1.38, p = 0.032). The early maximum TSH value had a maximum area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.866 for the development of hypothyroidism 2 years after SAT onset vs. euthyroidism (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The thyroid volumes of patients increased significantly after the onset of SAT, while during the follow-up these volumes decreased; the thyroid volumes at 1 and 2 years were significantly smaller than those of normal healthy subjects, especially in SAT patients with hypothyroidism. Furthermore, the early maximum TSH value could be used as an effective indicator of the development of hypothyroidism 2 years after the onset of SAT.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects , Hypothyroidism/epidemiology , Thyroiditis, Subacute/drug therapy , Thyrotropin/metabolism , Adult , Biomarkers/analysis , Case-Control Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Hypothyroidism/chemically induced , Hypothyroidism/pathology , Male , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Thyroid Function Tests , Thyroiditis, Subacute/metabolism , Thyroiditis, Subacute/pathologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNA-22 (miR-22) was deregulated in many types of cancers and was involved in various cellular processes related to carcinogenesis. However, the clinical significance and prognostic value of miR-22 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) haven't been investigated. METHODS: 109 pairs of fresh EOC tissue and matched adjacent normal tissue specimens were collected between May 2007 and March 2013. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay was performed to evaluate the expression levels of miR-22. The chi-square test was used to assess miR-22 expression with respect to clinicopathological parameters. The survival curves of the patients were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression, and the log-rank test was used for statistical evaluations. RESULTS: miR-22 expression in EOC tissues was significantly lower than that in matched normal adjacent tissues (mean ± SD: 1.944 ± 1.026 vs. 4.981 ± 1.507, P<0.0001). Low miR-22 expression level was correlated with FIGO stage (P=0.006), tumor grade (P=0.03), and lymph node metastases (P=0.01). Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test indicated that low miR-22 expression had a significant impact on overall survival (44.4% vs. 64.5%; P=0.005) and progression-free survival (23.5% vs. 52.6%; P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrated that the expression of miR-22 was downregulated in EOC, and associated with overall survival as well as progression-free survival, suggesting that miR-22 could serve as an efficient prognostic factor for EOC patients. VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/13000_2014_178.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Down-Regulation/genetics , MicroRNAs/genetics , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/diagnosis , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Chi-Square Distribution , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics , Humans , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , MicroRNAs/metabolism , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/genetics , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/metabolism , Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics , Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism , Ovary/metabolism , Ovary/pathology , Prognosis , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to explore the expression of ATAD2 in ovarian tumor tissue as well as its relationship with degree of malignancy. Tumor tissue from 110 cases of ovarian cancer was collected in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki for evaluation of ATAD2 expression immunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting. The correlation between the ATAD2 expression and and the prognosis of ovarian cancer was evaluated by Cox regression model. In addition, HO-8910 and OVCAR-3 cells were transfected with two siRNAs targeting ATAD2. Cell viability was evaluated with MTT assay, and cell migration by transwell migration assay. ATAD2 was shown to be highly expressed in 65.5% (72/110) of ovarian cancer cases, both at transcriptional and protein levels. Moreover, highly expression was positively correlated with degree of malignancy. Knock-down of ATAD2 in HO-8910 and OVCAR-3 cells was found to reduce cell migration. In addition, follow-up visits of the patients demonstrated that the 5-year survival rate was lower in patients with high expression of ATAD2. Our study suggested that ovarian tumor tissue may have highly expressed ATAD2, which is associated with tumor stage, omentum-metastasis, ascites and CA-125. Increased ATAD2 may play important roles in tumor proliferation and migration. ATAD2 could serve in particular as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
