ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the effectiveness of direct amplification with PowerPlex 16 HS system for DNA detection in three conventional materials: fresh blood, oral swab, and cigarette butt. METHODS: The genetic data of 11 samples of fresh blood, 10 samples of oral swab and 10 samples of cigarette butts were analyzed with PowerPlex 16 HS kit. The result was statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Success rate of whole genetic map test in fresh blood and oral swab samples was 100%. Success rate in cigarette butt samples was 90%. CONCLUSION: Direct amplification with PowerPlex 16 HS system is effective method to three types of conventional evidence material including fresh blood, oral swab and cigarette butt.
Subject(s)
DNA Fingerprinting/methods , DNA/analysis , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods , Tandem Repeat Sequences , Blood Stains , DNA/genetics , Forensic Genetics/methods , Humans , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Saliva/metabolism , Sensitivity and Specificity , NicotianaABSTRACT
A capillary electrophoretic immunoassay with chemiluminescence detection (CEIA-CL) using a non-competitive format for analyzing tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has been developed. In this method, antigen (Ag) AFP reacts with an excess amount of horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled antibody (Ab*). The free Ab* and the bound Ab*-Ag complex produced in the solution are separated by CE in a separation capillary. Then they catalyze the reaction of enzyme substrate luminol and H(2)O(2) in a reaction capillary following the separation capillary. Parameters affecting the CE separation and CL detection were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the free Ab* and the Ab*-Ag complex were well separated within 4 min, the linear range and the detection limit (S/N=3) for AFP were 5-500 ng/ml and 0.85 ng/ml (1.2 x 10(-11)M), respectively. The proposed method has been applied satisfactorily in the analysis of human sera samples.
Subject(s)
Electrophoresis, Capillary/methods , Immunoassay/methods , Luminescent Measurements/methods , alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis , Electrophoresis, Capillary/instrumentation , Humans , alpha-Fetoproteins/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
A rapid and sensitive method to detect three catecholamines, isoprenaline, epinephrine, and dopamine, by CE coupled with direct luminol-potassium periodate chemiluminescence (CL) detection is described. The conditions for CE separation and CL reaction were systematically optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the baseline separation of three catecholamines was achieved within 6.5 min. The LODs obtained in standard solution were 5.3 x 10(-8 )mol/L for isoprenaline, 4.7 x 10(-8 )mol/L for epinephrine, and 1.5 x 10(-7 )mol/L for dopamine. The RSD of the migration time and peak area were less than 1.8 and 3.6% (n = 5), respectively. The present method was applied to the determination of the dopamine in urine samples of cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. The results obtained indicate that there is a close relationship between the content of dopamine in human urine and the amount of cigarettes smoked daily; the level of dopamine in smokers is higher than in nonsmokers.
