Repeated lumps and infections: A case report on breast augmentation complications.

BACKGROUND: Polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) injections were once common in breast augmentation and have been prohibited for augmentation mammaplasty in China since a large number of patients who underwent breast augmentation with PAAG injections have continued to seek medical advice as a result of related complications. Among all these complications, distant migration is relatively rare. CASE SUMMARY: A 49-year-old female presented at the hospital with a one-year history of a vulvar lump. The sonography of the lump showed several subcutaneous fluid-filled regions from the left vulva to the pubic symphysis, which suggested possible fat liquefaction. An enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a cystic area, which was considered a benign lesion. Intraoperative observations showed that the mass did not have an obvious capsule, the subcutaneous tissue presented as a cavity, and some yellow material came out of this cavity. A culture of the drainage did not show bacterial contamination. Histopathology revealed a foreign body granuloma. After resection and closed drainage, lumps were successively observed in the left lower abdomen and the bilateral hypochondriac region with infections. Sonography found that the hypoechoic areas in the bilateral hypochondriac region seemed continuous with deep in the breasts. The patient reported that she had undergone surgery with PAAG injections 20 years ago after she was repeatedly asked about her past history. Finally, a diagnosis of distant migration of PAAG was made. CONCLUSION: PAAG gel can migrate after long periods of time. A diagnosis should not be limited to the area where the symptom develops.

[Inhibition of malignant phenotype of HeLa cells by RNA interference of the telomerase activity].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biology of HeLa cells upon inhibition of human telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT) gene by RNA interference in vitro. METHODS: Four shRNAs (A, B, C and D) targeting hTERT gene were designed and prepared by in-vitro transcription. The expression of hTERT gene was evaluated by immunofluorescent staining and telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) ELISA (TRAP-ELISA), after transient transfection of shRNAs by lipid formulation. Through the initial selection, shRNA (B) was noticed as the most efficient one in down-regulating hTERT gene and therefore was chosen as the ultimate shRNA used in the experimental groups. Those transfected by non-silencing RNAi were chosen as the control groups. Cell spreading and migration were studied by microscopy and cell adhesion to fibronectin (FN) was assayed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). Cell invasion was assessed by Boyden chamber assay. RESULTS: Cell spreading study revealed that the rates of spreading cells in the experimental groups were (5.6 +/- 2.3)% at 30 min, and (26.3 +/- 6.1)% 2 h after the inoculation, respectively, whereas the rates of spreading cells in the control groups were (31.3 +/- 7.9)% and (79.4 +/- 4.8)%, respectively. There were significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.01). However, most of the cells in both groups became spreading after 24 h. Cell adhesion assay demonstrated that the rate of adhesion cells on FN in experimental groups was (67.2 +/- 2.8)%, less than that in control groups (83.7 +/- 5.4)% (P < 0.05). The relative migration distance was (27.1 +/- 6.2)% in the experimental group, lower than that of the control group (58.7 +/- 15.0)%. The invasion assay revealed that the invading cells were 75.7 +/- 14.5 in the experimental group, in contrast to 165.1 +/- 11.0 in the control group after 4 h incubation on matrigel. The difference between these two groups was significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In vitro shRNA silencing of hTERT gene can down-regulate the telomerase activity, leading to an inhibition of the malignant phenotype of HeLa cells, including decreased ability of cell spreading and adhesion, reduction of cell migration, and declined invasive ability through Matrige assay.

[The clinical characteristics of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome in Qingdao].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) in Qingdao. METHODS: Two hundred and four PI-IBS and 2068 non-PI-IBS patients were investigated with questionnaire including general information, symptoms and quality of life scores with microecological study before and after therapy. RESULTS: (1) The morbidity rate of PI-IBS in female was 2. 2 times of that in male, which was similar to that in non-PI-IBS. (2) Brain work labors dominated in both PI-IBS and non-PI-IBS patients. (3) As to the simultaneous presence of extra-gastrointestinal symptoms, there was no statistical difference between the rate of physical symptoms in PI-IBS and non-PI-IBS patients (chi2 =10.5, P > 0.05), but the rate of mental symptoms was higher in PI-IBS than in non-PI-IBS patients, and the difference was significant (chi2 = 28.7, P < 0.05). (4) The alteration of intestinal microflora rate in PI-IBS was obviously higher than that in non-PI-IBS patients. (5) The quality of life scores in PI-IBS was improved after treatment with Birid Triple Viable , and there was significant difference (t = 3.8, P < 0.01), but there was no statistical difference in non-PI-IBS (t = 1.5, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: There was some difference in certain clinical characteristics between PI-IBS and non-PI-IBS patients in Qingdao.

[Construction expression and biologic activity of recombinant human sCR1 eucaryotic cell].

AIM: To express human soluble complement receptor type 1(sCR1)protein using ferment cell secreting type carrier and study the extraorgan biologic activity of recombinant human sCR1 fusion protein. METHODS: Total human RNA was extracted from peripheral blood. The full length cDNA of human sCR1 gene was obtained by RT-PCR and them, cloned into Pichia pastoris eukaryotic expression vector pPIC9k to construct the recombinant plasmid pPIC9k-sCR1 containing human sCR1.After identified by DNA sequencing, the recombinant plasmid pPIC9k-sCR1 was transformed into Pichia pastoris SMD1168. The ferment cell line of the recombinant sCR1 which was chosen by G418 resistance was identified by PCR, After methanol induction, the expressed protein products were verified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot, purified by Ni(2+)-NTA agarose affinity chromatography, and its biologic activity was identified. RESULTS: The obtained Pichia pastoris secretion type yeast carrier pPIC9k-sCR1 was chosen by G418 and identified by PCR to get a highly copied and integral recombinant ferment cell line. The recombinant human sCR1 fusion protein was expressed by yeast cells containing pPIC9k-sCR1 induced by methanol. It was a protein band about M(r) 31 000 in gel, which could be identified by CD35 of anti-sCR1 protein monoclonal antibody with Western blotting technique. The highly purified sCR1 fusion protein and its biologic activity were detected obtained by Ni(2+)-NTA agarose affinity chromatography. CONCLUSION: The recombinant human sCR1 fusion protein can be highly expressed in the Pichia pastoris expression system, which resembles the human natural protein's antigenicity and biologic activity.