Physical exercise on the recovery of obesity myocardial infarction / O exercício físico na recuperação de infarto do miocárdio por obesidade / El ejercicio físico en la recuperación del infarto de miocardio por obesidad

ABSTRACT Introduction: Myocardial infarction caused by human obesity can cause a decline in mobility and a decline in the quality of a healthy life. Sports training is beneficial to maintain early physical functions after myocardial infarction. Objective: This article deals with the effect of applying walking aerobic exercise in the rehabilitation treatment of patients with myocardial infarction. Methods: We enrolled 91 patients with myocardial infarction in the early exercise group and 90 patients in the control group. The control group received the routine nursing intervention, and the early exercise group received early physical exercise rehabilitation therapy. Results: The actual quality of life of the early exercise group was higher than that of the control group. The incidence of cardiovascular adverse events was lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: Physical exercise therapy used in acute myocardial infarction can reduce adverse cardiovascular events and improve the quality of life of patients. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Introdução: O infarto do miocárdio causado por obesidade pode levar a um declínio de mobilidade e na qualidade de uma vida saudável. O treinamento esportivo é benéfico para a manutenção precoce da função física após o infarto do miocárdio. Objetivo: Este estudo trata do efeito de exercícios aeróbicos de caminhada no tratamento de reabilitação de pacientes que sofreram infarto do miocárdio. Métodos: Recrutamos 91 pacientes que sofreram infarto do miocárdio no grupo de exercícios precoce e 90 pacientes no grupo de controle. O grupo de controle recebeu a intervenção de enfermagem de rotina, enquanto o grupo de exercícios precoce recebeu terapia de reabilitação com exercícios precoces. Resultados: A qualidade de vida efetiva do grupo de exercício precoce foi mais alta do que aquela do grupo de controle. Conclusão: A terapia de exercícios físicos usada no infarto agudo do miocárdio pode reduzir incidências cardiovasculares adversas e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Nível de evidência II; estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El infarto de miocardio causado por obesidad puede ocasionar una caída de movilidad y de la calidad de una vida saludable. El entrenamiento deportivo es benéfico para la manutención temprana de la función física tras el infarto de miocardio. Objetivo: Este estudio trata del efecto de ejercicios aeróbicos de caminata en el tratamiento de rehabilitación de pacientes que sufrieron infarto de miocardio. Métodos: Reclutamos 91 pacientes que sufrieron infarto de miocardio en el grupo de ejercicios temprano y 90 pacientes en el grupo de control. El grupo de control recibió la intervención de enfermería de rutina, mientras el grupo de ejercicios tempranos recibió terapia de rehabilitación con ejercicios tempranos. Resultados: La calidad de vida efectiva del grupo de ejercicio temprano fue más alta que aquella del grupo de control. Conclusión: La terapia de ejercicios físicos usada en el infarto agudo de miocardio puede reducir incidencias cardiovasculares adversas y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados de tratamiento.

Characterization and study of the antibacterial mechanisms of silver nanoparticles prepared with microalgal exopolysaccharides.

The green synthesis of biomaterials is of significant interest as it enables the safe and sustainable preparation of noble metallic nanoparticles for medical applications. Microalgae polysaccharides have received attention due to their outstanding properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and low cost. In addition, due to their variety of remarkable biological and physicochemical properties, polysaccharide-based nanoparticles have advantageous features yet to be explored. The primary objective of the current research was to investigate exopolysaccharides isolated from green microalgae Botryococcus braunii (EPBb) and Chlorella pyrenoidosa (EPCp), as both reducing and stabilizing agents, for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Their antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) was studied, as well as their cytotoxicity to human dermal fibroblasts. The presently synthesized AgNPs were spherical in shape and exhibited characteristic surface plasmon resonance at 430 nm. The main population had a particle size which ranged between 5 and 15 nm as analyzed by transmission electron micrographs. Zeta potentials averaged -51.81 ±â€¯3.01 mV using EPBb and -12.16 ±â€¯2.41 mV using EPCp. More importantly, AgNPs possessed strong antibacterial activity in a dose-dependent manner, even against drug-resistant bacteria. The enhanced antibacterial activity of these particles is explained due to extensive reactive oxygen species generation and bacterial cell membrane damage. In contrast, such AgNPs were not cytotoxic at the same therapeutic range to fibroblasts (0.5-10.0 µg/mL). In summary, these results showed that polysaccharide-capped AgNPs have a strong potential for numerous medical applications, such as antibacterial agents in pharmaceutical and biomedical areas.

Association of leptin levels with pathogenetic risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association of leptin levels with pathogenetic risk of CHD and stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studies were identified in the PubMed, Embase, and Springer link database without language restriction. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used as effect indexes. The association of leptin levels with pathogenetic risk of CHD and stroke, as well as the risk variation of CHD with each additional one unit of leptin level were examined via meta-analysis. The publication bias was assessed via Egger's linear regression test. RESULTS: Eight nested case-control studies consisting of 1,980 patients and 11,567 controls were included for current meta-analysis. ORs (95% CIs) of association of leptin levels with CHD and stroke was 1.90 (1.06, 3.43), and 2.14 (1.48, 3.08), respectively. In addition, significant result was obtained regarding the risk variation of CHD with each additional one unit of leptin level (OR =1.04, 95% CI =1.00-1.08, P=0.044). There was no significant publication bias as suggested by Egger test outcomes. CONCLUSION: There was a significant association of leptin with pathogenetic risk of CHD and stroke, and raised leptin levels could significantly increase the pathogenetic risk of CHD.

Association of leptin levels with pathogenetic risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: a meta-analysis / Associação entre as concentrações de leptina e o risco patogenético de doença arterial coronariana e acidente vascular cerebral: uma metanálise

Objective This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association of leptin levels with pathogenetic risk of CHD and stroke. Materials and methods Studies were identified in the PubMed, Embase, and Springer link database without language restriction. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used as effect indexes. The association of leptin levels with pathogenetic risk of CHD and stroke, as well as the risk variation of CHD with each additional one unit of leptin level were examined via meta-analysis. The publication bias was assessed via Egger’s linear regression test. Results Eight nested case-control studies consisting of 1,980 patients and 11,567 controls were included for current meta-analysis. ORs (95% CIs) of association of leptin levels with CHD and stroke was 1.90 (1.06, 3.43), and 2.14 (1.48, 3.08), respectively. In addition, significant result was obtained regarding the risk variation of CHD with each additional one unit of leptin level (OR =1.04, 95% CI =1.00‐1.08, P=0.044). There was no significant publication bias as suggested by Egger test outcomes. Conclusion There was a significant association of leptin with pathogenetic risk of CHD and stroke, and raised leptin levels could significantly increase the pathogenetic risk of CHD. .

Objetivo O objetivo desta metanálise foi investigar a associação entre os níveis de leptina e o risco patogenético de doença arterial coronariana e acidente vascular cerebral. Materiais e métodos Foram identificados estudos nas bases de dados PubMed, Embase e Springer Link sem restrição quanto à língua. A razão de chances (OR) e os intervalos de confiança de 95% correspondentes (95% CI) foram usados como índices de efeitos. A associação entre os níveis de leptina e o risco patogenético de doença arterial coronariana e acidente vascular cerebral com cada unidade adicional na concentração de leptina foi analisada por meio de metanálise. O viés da publicação foi avaliado por meio do teste de regressão linear de Egger. Resultados Oito estudos com caso controle aninhado envolvendo 1.980 pacientes e 11.567 controles foram incluídos na metanálise. As ORs (95% CIs) da associação entre as concentrações de leptina e a doença arterial coronariana e o acidente vascular cerebral foram de 1,90 (1,06; 3,43) e 2,14 (1,48; 3,08), respectivamente. Além disso, foram obtidos resultados significativos com a variação de risco para a doença arterial coronariana a cada unidade adicional na concentração de leptina (OR =1,04; 95% CI =1,00‐1,08; P=0,044). Não houve viés de publicação significativo sugerido pelos desfechos no teste de Egger. Conclusão Há associação significativa entre a leptina e o risco patogenético de doença arterial coronariana e acidente vascular cerebral, e concentrações aumentadas de leptina podem elevar significativamente o risco patogenético de doença arterial coronariana. .