ABSTRACT
The third order static and dynamic nonlinear optical (NLO) responses of Ih symmetry fullerenes (C60, C240, and C540) and fullerene onions (C60@C240 and C60@C240@C540) are predicted using the ZINDO method and the sum-over-states model. The static second hyperpolarizability of Ih symmetry fullerenes increases exponentially with fullerene size [from 10.00 × 10-34 esu in C60 to 3266.74 × 10-34 esu ≈ γ0(C60) × 92.63 in C540]. The external fields of strong third order NLO responses of Ih symmetry fullerenes change from ultra-violet (C60) to the visible region (C540) as the fullerene size increases. The outer layer fullerene in the fullerene onions has dominant contributions to the third order NLO properties of the fullerene onions, and the inter-shell charge-transfer excitations have conspicuous contributions to the third order NLO properties. The two-dimensional two-photon absorption spectra of C60 and C240 show that those fullerenes have strong two-photon absorptions in the visible region with short wavelength and in the ultra-violet region.
ABSTRACT
The landscape of second-order nonlinear optical (2nd NLO) responses of a system can be depicted as two-dimensional second-order nonlinear optical spectra in a range of external fields, and this is difficult to be realized in experiment for a wide range of external fields. In the present study, an efficient method for application of sum-over-states model to simulate electronic two-dimensional NLO (2DNLO) spectra has been developed, and techniques to analyze NLO response-structure correlation have been proposed. This 2DNLO method has been applied to simulate the 2DNLO spectra of a series of typical electron push-pull chromophores under external fields of up to 5.00 eV. The correlation between the NLO properties and structure has been disclosed, and a further strategy to enhance the NLO properties of push-pull chromophores has been proposed.
